Jundishapur Scientific Medical Journal
Year:2004 | Volume:- | Issue:39|Papers Count:14

Congenital rubella is a preventable disease and is one of the most important causes of neoneatal mortality and morbidity. Immunization against this disease is an important step in elimination or decrease of mortality and morbidity during pregnancy. This descriptive study was carried out to determine the level rubella immunity among randomly selected 420 women of reproductive age taken from six sanitary areas of Kazeroon city.Serum anti-rubella antibody (IgG) was detected, using ELISA method by Radim Rubella kit. Serum anti rubella antibody (IgM) was detected for seronegative women based on IgG. The results showed that immunity rate ranged from 89.94% to97.43% with an average of 94.05%. None of unimmune women, based on IgG level, were infected by rubella. Although the present study showed that the level of immunity among women in Kazeroon is greater than the predicted critical level, nevertheless it is suggested that all the women be checked serologically for IgG against rubella virus prior to marriage or pregnancy and seronegative ones be immunized against rubella.

The present research is a quasi experimental study which was carried out to assess the effects of cardiac rehabilitation program on clinical manifestation and rehospitalization of clients after coronary bypass grafting surgery (CABG).The subjects consisted of 40 patients (20 = experiment, and 20 = control group) who undergone CABG surgery. Inclusion criteria were; gender: male, age: 45-65 years, left ventricular ejection fraction: over 40%, number of graft vessels: 3-5, and residence in Tehran. Exclusion criteria included any other chronic illness such as diabetes mellitus, heart failure and renal failure. A questionnaire and a check list were tools of this research. The control group patients did not participate in cardiac rehabilitation program. The clients of the experiment group participated in an 8-session cardiac rehabilitation program which included an exercise and physical training, diet management, stress management, drug regimen, education, and cardiac symptom management. During 3 home visits, the check list data were collected and analysed by Chi-square and Fisher Exact Test.The results showed that the occurrence of dyspnea, chest pain, peripheral edema and weakness and fatigue between the two groups of patients were significantly different. While the palpitation rate was not significantly difference between the two groups. Furthermore, rehospitalization was more frequent in control group.Based on these findings, cardiac rehabilitation programs after CABG favorably affected clinical manifestation and rehospitalization, suggesting that similar planning and implementation of cardiac rehabilitation programs can have useful outcomes in the health system.

Low vision and blindness disable individuals in a society and are often observed in old individuals. This study was carried out over a 2-year period (from January of 2000) on patients who were referred to eye medical center. After an initial eye examination for best-corrected visual acuity, the main cause of vision disturbance was registered when the loss of vision was less than 3/10.A total of 1135 patient (571, 50.30%, females and 564, 49.7%%, males). Blindness and low vision were diagnosed in 742 (65 %) and 393 (34%) of cases respectively. Cataract was the most common cause. 392 (34.5%) were due to others causes which included 198 (17.5%) glaucoma, 173 (15.3%) diabetic retinopathy, 124 (10.9%) trachoma. Anatomical abnormalities as causative factors were 408 (36%), 270 (23.8%), 203 (20.9%), and 209 (18.4%) damages to the lens, retina, corona and optic nerve respectively. This study demonstrated that most causes of visual abnormalities were due to preventable causes and deserves larger scale community study.

The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of cross bite among 11 to 14 years old boy students in Ahwaz in the year 2000-2001. This descriptive cross-sectional study was undertaken on 744 male students selected by cluster sampling , and analyzed by Chi-squared test using Epi-inf soft ware at 95% confidence level . The results showed that the total prevalence of cross bite was 22.4% with 4.4% exhibited only anterior , 16.6% posterior and 1.4% both anterior and posterior crossbites.

The purpose of this descriptive study was to evaluate the prevalence and etiology of baby bottle tooth decay (BBTD) or nursing caries (NC) in the age group 3 to5 years old pre-school children in Ahwaz in 2002. Three hundred and fifty children (52 children aged 3 years, 128 children aged 4 years, and 134 children aged 5 years) were selected from 18 kinder gardens. Cases were selected by randomized multi-stage method. The results showed 13% of the children were suffering from NC and 49.5% were caries free. No significant relationship between NC and sex, child age, period or frequency of feeding, oral hygiene (brushing), educational level of parents was found. In conclusion it seems that the most important etiologic factor in development of NC was night bottle or breast-feeding.

This research is a descriptive analytic study and compares the effects of breast and formula feeding on the body growth rate of infants during 1.5 to 4.5 months old referring to the Health Clinics of Shiraz.We studied 327 infants including 220 infants (67. 3 %) who were formula-fed and 107 (32.7%) infants who were breast fed. The infants had gestational ages between 38-42 weeks at birth and were healthy without any apparent abnormality. They wore fed with breast milk or formula since birth time. They were brought to the health centers for vaccination or routine examination. A questionnaire was completed which included data on measured weight, length and head circumference. Infants were visited three times during study at 1.5, 3 and 4.5 months of age. The results showed that at birth there were no significant differences between mean weight, length and head circumference in both groups. The mean weight and length of infants in breast fed group were non-significantly higher than formula fed infants. However, the mean head circumference of the breast fed infants in 1.5, 3 and 4.5 months old infants were significantly more than formula fed infants. In conclusion, it seems that breast-feeding produces more circumference growth rate than formula feeding.

Elevation of serum and\or ascites CA125 were reported in TB peritonitis. In this study serum and ascites CA125 were measured in the ascites patients with different etiology to determine if elevated serum and/or ascites CA125 is of diagnostic value for TB peritonitis. Fifty three ascites patients (9 TB peritonitis, 33 cirrhosis, 6 malignancy, 5 nephrotic syndrome) and 29 controls were assessed for serum and /or ascites CA125 level. The results showed that there were no meaningful) differences in serum and /or ascites CA125 levels between TB peritonitis, cirrhotic and malignancy patient groups. However, the serum levels between TB peritonitis and nephrotic syndrome patients and controls were meaning full. Serum and /or ascites CA125 of all the groups except nephrotic syndrome and controls were greatly elevated. These findings suggest that measuring serum and/or ascites CA125 is not a suitable method for diagnosis of TB peritonitis and this tumor marker increases in the ascites patients with different etiology except in nephrotic syndrome.

Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis is a gram-negative Diplococcus. This organism is an important pathogen for Otitis media, sinusitis in children and lower respiratory tract infection and bronchitis in adults. The aim of this study was investigation of prevalence rate of this bacterium in patients with respiratory infection. The lavages of the 137 patients referred to Imam Khomeini hospital, Ahwaz, aged 15-85 years old, who were suffering from lower respiratory tact infection were collected by bronchoscopy. Specimens were cultured on blood agar and incubated at 37°C for 48 hours. Gram-stain, oxidase and DNAse tests were performed on the suspected Colonies and for confirmation sugar tests of maltose, glucose, sucrose, and lactose were performed. Colonies were positive for oxidase and DNAse, and were able to ferment sucrose, which were identified as Moraxella catarrhalis. The results showed that the majority of patients (47.4%) were in the female group of 46 to 55 years of age. While 38.8% were in the male group of 65 to 75 years old. Based on culturing findings of lavages, 4 (2.9%) of isolated bacteria were identified as M. catarrhalis. Three strains were isolated from females and 1 from a male. All the culture-positive patients were over 40 years old. The results of this study showed that the lower respiratory tract infection affected by M. catarrhalis occurs in individuals over the 40 year of age.

Complete dorsal MCP dislocation of fingers can be simple or complex. Simple dislocations can be reduced nonoperatively but close reduction of complex MCP dislocations often is not possible and needs surgical intervention and the choice of surgical approach is based on surgeon s preference.In this report two patients have came with dorsal MCP dislocation of index and metaphyseal fracture of third metacarpal with MCP dislocation who were not diagnosed earlier in their first visit.

Ectopia cordis (EC) is one of the rarest and also most fatal form of cardiac malpositions. This extremely rare condition occurs in 5.5 to 7.9 per million live birth. It is classified into four types: cervical, thoracic, thoracoabdominal and abdominal. Only 142 cases were reported up to 1948. Our patient was a 6-hour old newborn female, a product of vaginal delivery, who was referred to Ahwaz Imam Khomeini hospital due to thoracic form of EC disease. Her 18-year old mother was married at age of 14 and has had several attempts to suicide due to psychosocial problems. Patient was in good condition at first visit, but her heart was totally positioned out of thoracic cavity,. Other organs seemed to be normal. Echocardiography was not performed because of some technical problems and risk of infection.After preliminary preparation, a surgical team tried to reposition the heart inside the thoracic cavity, but because of occurrence of apnea and severe bradycardia, a large space had to be created in the thorax to re-accommodate the heart. After operation, she was transferred to neonatal-ICU in fairly good condition. In the suffered from next day, apnea and cardiac arrhythmia which percipitate expiration at age of 4 days.