Background and Objectives: Adipose tissue as an endocrine gland produces a large number of intermediate compounds that are involved in many metabolic processes. Omentin-1 as a beneficial adipokine, has attracted more attention from researchers due to its favorable effects on inflammation, glucose homeostasis, and prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of progressive resistance training on plasma levels ofomentin-1, insulin resistance, non-high density lipoprotein (non-HDL), and some cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese men.Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 20 healthy overweight and obese male subjects (22.75±1.29 years, 89.22±13.08kg, 28.36±3.98kg/m²), were selected as available subjects and randomly assigned to training (n=10) and control (n=10) groups. Exercise protocol included 8 weeks of resistance training (4 sessions/week, 60 min/session). Blood samples were taken before and after the exercise to evaluate blood variables. Plasma omentin-1 level was measured using ELISA method. Data were analyzed by paired and independent t-tests at the significance level of p<0.05.Results: After 8 weeks of resistance training in the experimental group, the level of serum omentin-1 insignificantly increased (p=0.79), and the levels of non-HDL-c (p=0.024), TG (p=0.017), TC (p=0.032), and systolic blood pressure (p=0.002) significantly decreased. There were no significant changes in other variables.Conclusion: The results of this study showed that 8 weeks of resistance training, in spite of positive effect on some cardiovascular risk factors (non-HDL-c, triglyceride, total cholesterol), had no significant effect on omentin-1 and insulin resistance.