RESEARCH IN PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH
Year:2007 | Volume:1 | Issue:2|Papers Count:8

The purpose of this study was to test a concept -ual model of tobacco, alcohol and other drug use among at-risk students. A sample of 480 high nsk students of inner city school were surveyed regarding their use of alcohol, tobacco and other drugs, and risk and protective factors questionnaire". Methodologically, this study employed a latent variable approach including a series of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation model (SEM). ACFA with the 6 latant factor measurement model of hypothetical model and tested structural equation model demonstrated a superior fit to the data and was consistent with the underlying theories. Results of structural equation mode confirmed conceptual of Alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use among high risk students in that social risk factors such as poor school and family bonding and social disorganization were the most powerful direct predictor of Alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use among high risk students and individual factors such as self concept, self-management skills and social and assertiveness skills mediate relationships of social factors and drug use. According with structural model of Alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use, self concept mediated the relationship between school and family bonding and social disorg -anization and self-management and assertive-ness skills and substance use. The present findings suggest that teaching general competence skills such as decision making, problem solving, coping and assertiveness skills can lead to increased esteem which in turn lead to decreased Alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use, because youth with positive self-concept and personal efficacy are better able to implement self control and refusal strategies.

The present study was designed to study the patterns of hemispheric activation induced by affective stimuli (clip videos) in alpha range (8-13 HZ). A sample of 40 right handed female undergraduate students were randomly selected and EEG was recorded for five 3 minute intervals in baseline condition and in affective states (relax, happy, anxiety and sad). Results were revealed a right frontal activation in anxiety state, a right parietal activation in anxiety and happy states and a left parietal activation in all inactive states (Baseline, relaxed and sadness). Overall, these results were partly consistent with approach-with drewal model and supported the role of relative right frontal activity in anxiety state. These findings were also supported the idea of right posterior activation in active affective states (anxiety and happy).

The main aim of this study is to examine the efficacy and effectiveness of Mindfulness- Based on the Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) on the treatment and preventing to relapse of dysthymia. According to the Multiple Baseline Experimental Single Case Procedure, 2 female dysthymic patients took part in the study. A battery of questionnaires including Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS), Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (DAS), Automatic Thought Questionnaire (ATQ), Thought Control Questionnaire (TCQ) and Self-Esteem Inventory (SEI) were completed by subjects in pre and post treatment. BDI also were completed in sessions 1, 4, and follow up (five month after treatment). The results indicated that MBCT have efficacy and effectiveness on treatment and preventing relapse of the dysthymia.

Many studies indicated that there is a positive Relationship between Personality, Emotional Factors and Asthma disease. In this research, the relationship between A personality type, Negative emotions, Positive emotion, Gender Factor and Asthma disease. For this purpose, we selected 40 Asthmapatients (20 malesand 20 females) and 40 healthy subjects (20 males and 20 females) To collect information about variable we used BRS (Burtner Rating scale and PANAS (positive and negative affect scales). The result showed that Asthma patients and normal group were significantly different in the field of personality type patient group in comparison with healthy group was more stayed in A personality type.The results of research also indicated that Asthma patients and normal group were significantly different in the field of experienced negative emotion and positive emotion. Asthma patients in comparison with normal group experienced low level of positive motion and high level of negative emotion. In this research relationships between role of gender factor negative emotion and Asthma were investigated.The results showed significantly positive relationship between negative emotion and Asthma in males.

The main aim of this study is to compare the Mental health in different periods of pregnancy And its relationships with demographic factors.A group sample of 286 pregnant women in Rasht city participated in this study.The instruments include Pregnancy Related Anxiety Questionnaire (PRAQ), Go Lombok Rust Inventory of Marital Questionnaire. The results indicated that pregnant women have high mental health In the first and third trimesters comparing to the second trimester.The findings of Stepwise Regression Analysis Showed that there is no significant relationship between mental health and different periods of pregnancy A positive significant relationship also 2 was found between pregnancy and marital satisfaction, socioeconomic level and employment. These findings support WHO criteria about mental health. of pregnant women and suggest preventing program according to demographic factors of women pregnancy.

The main aim of the current study is to compare the religiosity attitudes between two groups of Tehran University students. Sample consisted of 386 male students who were selected randomly, completed two subscales of Minnesota Multiphase Personality Inventory (AAS, Mac-R) and Religious Attitude Scale (Khodayarifared et al., 1385) According to the cut off of both quest - ionnaires all subjects were divided in two groups, those who are capable for substance abuse as group 1 and those who are not as group 2. The results indicated that group 2 obtained high score in Religious Attitude Scale than group 1. The findings also showed that group 2 has religious cognitive and religious beliefs more than group 1 that is capable for substance abuse. According to the findings of this study, it seems that religiosity and high cognitive beliefs play important role in prevention of substance abuse.