Iranian Journal of Nursing Research
Year:2017 | Volume:12 | Issue:5 |Papers Count:10

Introduction: Individual and professional behaviors of clinical instructors have an important role to form individual and professional personality of nursing students, and can affect their level of anxiety. This study aimed at assessing the relationship between clinical instructors' behaviors and anxiety level of nursing students in Islamic Azad University of Lahijan City, Iran.Methods: In this descriptive-correlational study, 156 nursing students were selected from Islamic Azad University of Lahijan through the census sampling method. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire and Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory in a 2014-2015 academic year. Then, the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (Pearson correlation coefficient and Chi-square test). P<0.05 was set as a significant level.Results: Results showed that most of the nursing students had mild anxiety (90 persons, 57.7%) and the behaviors of their clinical instructors were assessed strong (96 persons, 61.6%). There was a negative significant relationship between the behaviors of clinical instructors and the level of anxiety of the nursing students (r=-0.59, P<0.0001). It means that students' anxiety decreased when educational behaviors of clinical instructors become stronger, and the students' anxiety increased when the instructors' educational behavior becomes weaker.Conclusions: Nursing clinical instructors with their competent behavior and performance as a professional and moral pattern can have a deniable role in decreasing the anxiety of nursing students and revealing of deep spiritual placement of this holy job. By choosing clinical instructors from competent nurses and continuous presence of the faculty members in the hospitals and bilateral cooperation can create an appropriate communication bridge between theory and clinic.

Introduction: Recently appropriate workability is widely considered in organizations. Developing appropriate workability in hospitals leads to many positive achievements for nurses and patients and totally for the whole health and treatment system. According to the researches, workability levels of persons are strongly related to their working places' conditions. So, this study was conducted to evaluate the level of working abilities of nurses in selected educational-medical centers of the Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2012.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 150 nurses working in selected educational medical centers of the Tehran University of Medical Sciences were selected by the random sampling method. Data were collected using the demographic information and workability indicator questionnaire. Then, the data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistic tests and the SPSS 16 software.Results: Workability of 44.7% of the nurses was in an appropriate level. There was a linear and meaningful relation between the educational level and workability of the nurses (P=0.003). A negative and meaningful statistical relation was found between diseases diagnosed by physicians and workability of the nurses (P<0.001). Also, a negative and meaningful relation was found between workability and interest in working in extra hours.Conclusions: Considering the good workability level of almost half of the nurses, maintaining this level of workability and improving it in nurses should be noticed more than before by nursing managers of the country and hospitals.

Introduction: Although healthcare agencies have made efforts to decrease the incidence and prevalence of pressure ulcers in hospital settings in recent years, pressure ulcers remain a significant clinical problem across all hospital setting, especially in intensive care units. The present study aimed at examining relationship between oxygenation status and the risk of pressure ulcer development among patients with the open heart surgery.Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in Qazvin City, Iran, during 2015-2016. The population included all patients admitted to the Booali Cardiac Surgery Unit from March to May 2016. Eighty-two patients were selected using the convenience sampling method. Data were collected using the pressure ulcer staging criteria, Braden scale for checking signs of pressure ulcer development and demographic questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (Pearson correlation test and independent t-test) by the SPSS 20 statistical software.Results: Most of the patients participated in the study were old men (56.1%) with the mean age of 60.93±10.52 years. Factors such as the mean of CO2 of arterial blood pressure in the fourth day (P=0.04), smoking (P=0.000), age (P=0.000) and length of ICU stay (P=0.002) had a significant effect on the risk of pressure ulcer development. Risk of pressure ulcer development was not significantly correlated with mean oxygen saturation, mean arterial oxygen pressure, the average oxygen content of the blood, average fraction of inspired oxygen and the body temperature.Conclusions: According to findings of the present study, patients hospitalized in the cardiac surgery intensive care units are at a high risk of pressure ulcer developments. Factors such as decreased CO2 of arterial blood pressure, increased age and length of ICU stay, and smoking increased this risk and decreased the patients' quality of life. Health care providers should be aware and implement usful strategies to prevent the pressure ulcers.

Introduction: Administration of medications is taken into account as one of the most significant nursing measures whose correct fulfillment is of utmost importance. Thus, the present study aimed at determining the rate of nurses’ medication errors in general departments of hospitals in the city of Ilam in 2015.Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, the behavior of medication administration for 120 times performed by nurses working in general departments of hospitals in the city of Ilam was selected through convenience sampling method and then observed voluntarily and based on nonparticipation method via the use of a researcher-made checklist. The given checklist was comprised of 25 items for oral medications and 31 items associated with injectable. Content validity was confirmed using expert opinion and reliability by using a retest (/ 89). The data were also analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics within the SPSS16 software. Results: The results showed that the means and standard deviations of errors observed in the administration of oral and injectable medications were equal to 15.06±2.05 and 19.2±2.11; respectively. Moreover, the bulk of errors included lack of hand-washing and inconsistency between patient’s name and the Kardex. Additionally, no statistically significant relationship was found between medication errors and demographic data (p>0.05).Conclusions: Given the importance of the prevention of medication errors in nursing, it is required to reduce nurses’ workload and also provide them with necessary training in order to enhance patient satisfaction as well as quality of care and treatment

Introduction: Study skills of Students affect the entire educational process and ultimately will affect their careers. This study aimed to investigate the Study Skills and related factors in students of nursing and midwifery college of Dezful University of Medical Sciences.Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on the census (174 people) of nursing and midwifery college of Dezful University of Medical Sciences. Data collection tools included a standard questionnaire of study skills (PSSHI) and a demographic questionnaire based on self-reporting. SPSS-18 software for data analysis and independent t test, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA were used.Results: In this study, 71 individuals were male (40.81%) and 103 were female (59.2%) and of those, 97 were nursing, 15 were operating rooms, and 21 were medical emergency patients. The total score average of students’ study skills was 10 ± 46.2. There were significant relationships in total score of study habits and the school year (P<0.001), location (P=0.04), and hours of study per day (P=0.01). Furthermore, there were significant relationships in ability to read with educational level (P<0.001), location (P<0.001), years of education (P<0.001), and average (P<0.001). There was no significant relationship between learning motivation and gender (P=0.93), but there was a significant relationship between motivation and year of study (P=0.01). Conclusions: It seems that students do not gain enough study skills and are not familiar with the features and conditions. Therefore, it is recommended to enhance the students' study skill workshops for college freshmen to be included in their curriculum. Following that, upon entering university, they become familiar with these skills which can be effective in academic achievement and enhance academic motivation.

Introduction: Information technology (IT) in developing countries leads to saving money, accelerates working and saves energy and time. However, it has negative effects on physical and psychological characteristics of its users and efficiency of system. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of using IT on the health of administrative members at Tehran University of Medical Sciences.Methods: In this research, the effect of IT was studied on physical, mental, social and spiritual health. The statistical population of this research consisted of 2919 employees of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. A total of 342 subjects were randomly selected to participate in the study according to Morgan's table. The data collection instruments were questionnaires. To perform tests of pedigree relationship, SmartPlus software was used.Results: The results showed that the effect of IT on physical, mental, social and spiritual health was respectively 0.073, 0.312, 0.291 and 0.277. Data indicated that the observed effect was significant. Furthermore, the presented index indicated the high quality of the model.Conclusions: The results showed that the use of IT had a negative effect on physical health, whereas it had positive effects on other dimensions of health. According to the findings of this research, researchers suggest that health policymakers should pay more attention to the impact of IT on health dimension and carry out more research in this area.

Introduction: In attention to global competition, performance evaluation for the survival of any organization is required; the main reason to assess and measure organizational performance is to increase the effectiveness and business processes. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of organizational silence on organizational performance.Methods: The research method was correlational, based on regression. The population consisted of 250 nurses (of Mazandaran Bo-Ali-Sina hospital) in 2015. The sample size was estimated 84 using Cochran’s formula, who were selected by random sampling. The measuring tool in this study was two standard questionnaires -Organizational Performance (Echio; 2003) and Organizational Silence (Vandyne and et al.; 2003)-, the reliability and validity of which were approved. The analyses were conducted by SPSS version 18 software.Results: Organizational silence was able to explain about%20 of the organizational performance. Obedient silence (r=-0.23; P<0.05) and defensive silence (r=-0.15; P<0.05) had negative correlations with organizational performance, and altruistic silence had a positive correlation with organizational performance (r=0.19; P<0.05) with a significance level of %95.Conclusions: In attention to the high level of defensive silence among nurses; it is recommended for hospital managers to operate strategies for overcoming fear, break organizational silence and create organizational sound toward increasing the performance level of their organizations in today's competitive world.

Introduction: This study aimed to predict marital satisfaction based on early maladaptive schemas and social support in women.Methods: This study had a correlational research category. The study population included all the women referred to health centers in Tehran Region 1 in 2016. The sample size was calculated 247 based on the proposed Formula of Tabachnick and Fidel. The sample group was determined using the cluster approach and was questioned using the ENRICH marital satisfaction scale, Yang schema and Zimet social support questionnaire, for which Cronbach's alphas were determined as 0.91, 0.94 and 0.91, respectively. Data was obtained using Pearson’s correlation coefficients and hierarchical regression analyzes. SPSS V. 22 was used.Results: Data analysis indicated that with early maladaptive schemas with engaging social support variables, the predicting model undergoes a significant increase as well as the regression coefficients.Conclusions: It is suggested that future studies coincide with this study to assess other determinative variables in the marital satisfaction concept to design and implement an intervention program based on predictive variables in order to improve the life satisfaction index.

Introduction: Professional burnout is one of the main factors that lead to decreased efficiency, loss of human power, and psycho-physical problems.. This study aimed at investigating the relationship between burnout and job satisfaction, personality variables, and mental health among nurses.Methods: This applied research was a correlational study. A sample of 240 Lahijan county nurses were selected through random systematic sampling. For data collection, job burnout questionnaire Maslach and Jackson, Neo-Five Factor Personality Inventory, General Health Questionnaire, and Job Satisfaction Questionnaire were used. Convergent validity of these tools was 0.73, 0.68, 0.75, and 0.74, respectively, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient of reliability was 0.89, 0.93, 0.85, and 0.93, respectively. Finally, data was analyzed with Pearson correlation and multivariate regression using SPSS version 21.Results: The results showed that job satisfaction predictors of job burnout (b=0.24 and P>0.002) also revealed significant correlation between mental health and job burnout (P>0.05) and between job satisfaction and burnout relationship (P>0.05). However, there was no relationship between variables of job burnout and personality traits (P>0.19).Conclusions: Therefore, it could be concluded that mental health may increase burnout, yet different aspects of personality and character is unable to predict burnout. Also, according to the findings, prevention and decrease of job burnout by providing training and skills related to promotion of mental health and job satisfaction is recommended.

Introduction: One of the features that any profession possesses is that it occupies a social status relative to other professions. The present paper discusses the relationship between nursing occupational prestige and social health.Methods: This study was a cross-sectional research that was conducted during year 2015. The study population consisted of 200 nurses working in hospitals located in Hamedan, Iran. Convenience sampling was employed to select 200 nurses, who were asked to respond to the 25-item Keyes’s Social Health Questionnaire and the 16-item Nursing Occupational Prestige Questionnaire. Higher scores reflected better social health and occupational prestige. The quantitative analysis of this study was carried out using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS).Results: The results showed that the nurses’ mean score of social health and nursing occupational prestige were respectively 43.88±9.18 and 44.83±25.14. Social health was significantly related to occupational prestige in nurses (r=0.15, P=0.04). Overall, 66.5% of the nurses were reported to have average occupational prestige and 75.5% were believed to have average social health. There was a statistically significant difference in scores of occupational prestige among the nursing post (P=0.01), job satisfaction (P<0.001), and job interest (P=0.007).Conclusions: Nurses’ social health deserves special attention. Effective social health promotion strategies should be considered for promoting social health, particularly in occupational prestige.