Iranian Journal of Nursing Research
Year:2018 | Volume:12 | Issue:6 |Papers Count:13

Introduction: Quality of professional life has complicated the relationship with the characteristics of the work environment, personal living environment, and exposure to primary and secondary trauma at the workplace. This study aimed at determining the role of self-compassion and clinical competence in the quality of nurses' professional life.Methods: This study was descriptive and correlational. The study population of this study included all nurses at public hospitals of Cain (n = 114; 96 nurses and 18 health workers). Due to the small size of the study population, all members were considered as samples. In order to collect data, the Self-Compassion Scale (Neff, 2003), Clinical Competence Scale (Meretoja et al., 2004) and the Quality of Professional Life Questionnaire (Stam, 2010) were used. Multiple regression analysis was used to examine the research hypotheses.Results: Data analysis showed that adaptive clinical competency and self-compassion were positive predictors of satisfaction of compassionate component and in total explained 24% of the satisfaction of compassionate variance (R Square = 0.24). In addition, maladaptive self-compassion was a positive predictor of secondary traumatic stress and explained 12% of the observed variance in this component (R Square = 0.12). Furthermore, maladaptive self-compassion and clinical competency were positive and negative predictors of quality of life burnout component, respectively, and totally, explained 22% of burnout (R Square = 0.22).Conclusions: Analysis of the findings showed the role of self-compassion and clinical competence in the quality of nurses' professional life and the importance of attention to competence and self-compassion and its components during the training of nursing staff in university classrooms, training, retraining and in-service training courses.

Introduction: One of the most important fields of research that is of interest to researchers, is psychological and familial consequences caused by cancer and its treatment. The aim of this study was to compare levels of family resilience and coping strategies amongst married women diagnosed with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy, breast cancer survivors, and women without cancer. Methods: In this study, three groups of 60 married women diagnosed with breast cancer, survivors of breast cancer and non-cancer counterparts, who were admitted to Shohada Hospital, were compared. Data on demographic, family coping strategies and resilience questionnaires were entered in the SPSS-22 software and multivariate analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test was performed.Results: Analysis of data showed that the index of family resilience and coping strategies between the two groups of breast cancer survivors and women diagnosed with breast cancer were significantly different (P < 0.05). In this study, breast cancer survivors undergoing chemotherapy and non-cancerous counterparts showed an improvement in the level of family resilience and coping strategies.Conclusions: Considering the results of the research, including low levels of resiliency amongst families and the use of coping strategies, emotion-focused therapy for women diagnosed with breast cancer, follow-up and services to increase the quality of life among this group of people is essential.

Introduction: Considering the importance of human resources as the most precious possession of societies, recognition of effective factors on human resources, productivity, and efficiency in each and every organization can be useful and efficacious in increasing productivity and competiveness of an organization. In addition, in Iran, personnel incuriosity toward organization problems and difficulties is an issue encountered by most organizations. This study aimed at determining the impact of organizational indifference on increasing human resources productivity and efficiency of nurses and was performed in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences.Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted during year 2015 at public hospitals in Mashhad. The sample included 145 individuals, which had been chosen by stratified sampling from nurses working in public hospitals. The questionnaire used to carry out the study was a standard one in this field. Validity of the questionnaire had been accepted by experts and reliability confirmed by Cronbach's alpha (0.93). The SPSS 18 and simple and multivariate linear regression were used for data analysis.Results: The results showed there was a negative meaningful relationship between organizational indifference and human resources productivity and efficiency in nurses (r=-0.607, P<0.001). Adding only one unit in organizational indifference will reduce -1325 in human resources productivity. The mean age of the samples was 36.2±7.5 and 58% were female.Conclusions: According to the results of this study, organizational indifference is one of the effectual factors on human resources productivity and efficiency among nurses. Therefore, it seems necessary to utilize methods in order to reduce organizational indifference, which lead to human resources productivity and efficiency in nurses.

Introduction: The role of nurses in preventing pneumonia caused by mechanical ventilation is essential. Therefore, this review article aimed at determining the effect of oral care on the prevention of pneumonia caused by mechanical ventilation in patients admitted to intensive care units.Methods: In clinical trials from year 2005 to 2015, the role of oral care in ventilator-induced pneumonia was used. The full text of articles was obtained through searches in accessible databases such as SID, PubMed, Iran Medex, Elsevier, Springer, Magiran, and Google scholar. Also, the words "oral care", "oral hygiene", mouth care, oral hygiene practices, mouth hygiene, critical care, intubated intensive care, intubated mechanically ventilated, ventilator-associated pneumonia", and the equivalent of Persian in the title or abstract were searched and examined. In this study, the spirit protocol was used to evaluate the articles.Results: At first, 1432 articles were obtained. After having the criteria for entering the study, 32 articles were finally selected. Oral care with chlorhexidine and antiseptic prevents ventilator-induced pneumonia. Tooth brushing has a significant effect on reducing the number of dental plaques, which is the site of accumulation of ventilator-induced pneumonia microorganisms. The implementation of an evidence-based intervention program will improve the quality of oral care by nurses and awareness of pneumonia caused by a ventilator and can increase the importance of oral care.Conclusions: Oral care plays an important role in the prevention of ventilator-induced pneumonia, and nurses' knowledge about ventilator and oral care in pneumonia needs to be promoted.

Introduction: Subjective well-being is one of the important components of mental health, identification of effective factors of which is important, such as self-compassion, social support and hope. This research aimed at investigating the relationship of self-compassion, social support and hope with subjective well-being of nursing students.Methods: The present research was a descriptive-analytical correlation study. The population included all nursing students of Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz branch during year 2015 to 2016 academic years. From this group, 180 individuals were selected through the simple random sampling method. All nursing students completed the questionnaires of self-compassion (Reas & et al, 2011), social support (Vaux & et al, 1986), hope (Miller & Powers, 1988), and subjective wellbeing (Renshaw & et al, 2015). Data was analyzed with using the SPSS-19 software with Pearson correlation and multivariate regression with the enter model.Results: The results showed that self-compassion (r=0.309), social support (r=0.463), and hope (r=0.571) had a positive and significant relationship with subjective well-being among nursing students (P<0.01). The predictor variables indicated that self-compassion, social support and hope could predict 57.4% of variance in well-being of nursing students (R2 = 0.574) and in this model hope had a more significant role in the predicting well-being of nursing students. Conclusions: Regarding the results, the variables of self-compassion, social support and hope had an effective role in predicting the well-being of nursing students. Therefore, to improve the wellbeing of nursing students, along with conventional treatments, elements, such as hope, social support and self-compassion should receive extensive attention. Also based on the results of this research, it is suggested for authorities and planners of nursing schools to design programs to improve the well-being of nursing students, implemented through workshops.

Introduction: About 5% to 15% of the general population is affected by subclinical hypothyroidism. This disorder is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease, which is a major cause of mortality in patients on dialysis. Since the treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism leads to recovery of cardiac muscle plasticity and dyslipidemia, screening is essential.Methods: The present case-control study was performed during autumn of 2016 at Imam Ali Hospital (Bojnurd, North Khorasan Province, Iran) on patients on dialysis. Overall, 47 patients, including 21 subjects with normal serum TSH and Free T4 as the case group and 26 subjects with normal thyroid hormone as the control group, were selected and their Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), FT3, FT4, iPTH, triglycerides, cholesterol, High Density Lipoprotein (HDL), Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), and calcium were measured. Chi-square test was used to compare the two groups in terms of gender. Independent t-test was used to compare mean age, body mass index, and other factors. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to examine the relationship between variables.Results: A significant correlation was observed between the mean BMI (22.3 ± 6.8 kg/m2), Triglyceride (TG) (246 ± 126 mg/dl), and Ca (8.5 ± 1.8 mg/dl), and also there were no significant differences in lipid parameters in the case group (P < 0.001). In addition, a significant positive correlation was found between PTH and HDL (P = 0.001) and a negative correlation between PTH and LDL (P = 0.04).Conclusions: The findings of the current study showed obesity and triglyceridemia in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism deficiency compared to patients without this problem, also it was indicated that PTH has a correlation with dyslipidemia.

Introduction: Sexual instinct is one of the most important aspects of human existence and the character of an individual is largely influenced by this instinct. Sexual instinct protects the human race and relative and kinship ties. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of sexual self-efficacy training on life satisfaction and happiness.Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted with pretest-posttest design with a control group during the academic year of 2013 to 2014. The study population was all male students of Allameh Tabataba'i University School of Psychology and Educational Sciences. Thirty volunteers were selected as the sample and assigned to two groups of 15 experimental and control groups. The experimental group was trained during eight 90-minute sessions based on a self-directed sexual education program. For data collection, the sexual restraint questionnaire with a reliability of 0.93 and a reliability of 0.86, the life satisfaction questionnaire with a reliability of 0.87 and a validity of 0.82, and Oxford Happiness Questionnaire with a reliability of 90% were used. Data were analyzed by covariance analysis and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests. The SPSS version 16 software was used to analyze the data. Also, P values of < 0.05 were considered significant.Results: The results of the study show that the average happiness scores changed significantly over time (P<0.001), and the effect of intervention on marital satisfaction was also significant (P<0.001). In other words, mean scores of happiness and marital satisfaction in the experimental group after training was higher than the control group.Conclusions: Based on the results, it is recommended for counselors and psychotherapists to use sexual self-esteem education to improve their satisfaction with life and happiness.

Introduction: Nursing is one of the noblest careers in the world. Nurses have a positive attitude towards the nursing profession all around the world. High self-confidence induces a feeling of power, a positive attitude towards one’s job, and a better future prospect in nursing students. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between self-confidence of nursing students and their attitude to the nursing career.Methods: This work was a descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study conducted during the academic year of 2016 and 2017. In this regard, 180 subjects were chosen among the students from the nursing and midwifery faculties of Shahid Beheshti University of Tehran and Iran University of Medical Sciences. The required data were collected based on a self-report approach and using a demographic questionnaire, Rosenberg self-esteem scale, and questionnaire of Banaderakhshan et al. about the attitude to the profession. A satisfactory 0.77 internal validity and an 88.0 to 82.0 reliability through test-retest correlation were estimated for the Rosenberg self-esteem scale. Moreover, Alizadeh et al. (2006) reported the internal consistency coefficient or Cronbach’s alpha as 88.0 to 77.0. Content validity and reliability of the questionnaire of Banaderakhshan et al. about the attitude towards one’s profession were approved by the test-retest method and analysis in a study conducted by Banaderakhshan et al. (2006). Data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS version 16 software. The mean and standard deviation statistics, independent t-test, and Pearson correlation test were used to analyze the data.Results: The findings of this study showed that attitude towards the nursing career is more positive among female students and students with a higher education grade (P-value = 0.001). In addition, the results of Pearson correlation test showed a positive and significant relationship between selfconfidence of nursing students and their attitude towards the nursing profession (P<0.001).Conclusions: According to the results of this study, it is suggested that implementing measures, such as social skills training, are required to identify the potential talents of students and provide the conditions to activate these talents, to use student’s thoughts and opinions in decision-making, and to meet their spiritual needs for enhancing their self-confidence and providing appropriate educational opportunities.

Introduction: In the current community, body and keeping it fit is considered a criterion of people's life. Obesity and being overweight are interferences between body and mind as indicated by research around the world in the field of medicine and psychiatry. Obesity has a reciprocal relationship with emotional pressures, psychological chaos, and psychiatric status of people. The aim of this study was to identify the role of parental bonding on body image of obese and overweight people, who were clients of food clinics in Tehran.Methods: The study was a descriptive research. The population included all those, who were clients of food clinics of Tehran with medical records. Among them, 55 individuals were chosen by purposive sampling. The tools of data gathering were Parker Tupling's parental bonding instrument and Cash's multidimensional body image questionnaire (1990). The analysis of data was conducted using the SPSS 22 software and correlation test with Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA).Results: The results showed that the style of controlling more than care was a predictor of people's body image and mother's controlling style was more significant than that of the father in predicting body image.Conclusions: Family had a great impact on formation of body image. The more people were under the control of their family, the more negative self-image they had and their scores were low. Accordingly, one can prevent extension of worrying and serious nutritional disorders in the future by holding educational courses for families to teach control and identify the dissatisfaction of children with their mental body image at primary stages.

Introduction: Effective human force is a major factor in continuity, success, and realization of organizations’ goals and it is always found in the literature on management. Furthermore, high service leave rate is an indicator of undesired function of organization’s management in keeping the human force. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of the number of motivational factors on retention and loyalty of nurses.Methods: This research was a descriptive survey and an applied reseach in accordance with the objectives. Among 800 nurses at Milad Hospital, 260 nurses were selected through systematic random sampling, according to the Morgan table. A 68-item researcher-made questionnaire was used in this research and its content validity was obtained by gathering the opinion of professors and specialists and its reliability was examined via Cronbach’s Alpha, which was 0.797, 0.745, and 0.782 respectively for motivational, loyalty, and retention factors. At first, the Kolmogorov Smirnov test (K-S) was used for determining the normal distribution of data, and the regression test was used for determining the effect by SPSS Version 22.Results: The results showed that motivational factors were effective on retention with a correlation coefficient of 0.759, and on loyalty with a coefficient of 0.795. Priority of occupational factors on retention was 0.778 while priority of individual factors on retention was 0.750. The priority of organizational factors on retention was 0.529, organizational factors on loyalty was 0.790, individual factors on loyalty was 0.709, and occupational factors on loyalty was 0.583.Conclusions: According to results, there was a relationship between motivational factors (occupational, organizational, and individual factors) and retention and loyalty of nurses. It is recommended for the managers of hospitals to provide the required mechanism for improving occupational factors, such as diversity of skills, job identity, independence and feedback for increasing the retention of nurses of the hospital and consider organizational factors, such as environmental conditions, rewards, and supervision supports for increasing nurses’ loyalty. In this regard, hospitals should consider motivational factors in macro policy-making related to nurses to be effective in increasing the retention and loyalty of nurses along with realization of the goals of hospitals.