THEOLOGICAL- DOCTRIANAL RESEARCH (THE ISLAMIC SCIENCE QUARTERLY)
Year:2010 | Volume:5 | Issue:19|Papers Count:7

The way to acquire knowledge and design criteria for detecting the veracity of human sciences and knowledge is accounted as a salient principle in philosophical schools, schools of thought, and even mystical and religious sects. The existence of deep layers of senses in the universe in one hand and the impossibility of their recognition through observation and trial on the other hand have made mankind resort to his mind and philosophical evidence.However, the mind limits in recognizing a great number of metaphysical issues have paved the way for thinkers to consider philosophical evidence. The outbreak of personal outlook interfering in these evidences as well as the errors made by a number of scholars have necessitated the review of the philosophical-mystical evidences. Through a theoretical and intellectual study of the mystical criteria, presented by the greatest mystic in theoretical mysticism, Mohy ul-Din Ibn Arabi, and the first well-known Shiite mystic in the same field, Seyed Heidar Amoli, the present article reviews the recognition criteria in mystical evidence.

The present article is to survey the critical views of a number of scholars, including Seyed Heidar Amoli, Moghadas Ardebili, Molla Mohsen Feiz Kashani, Allameh Majlesi, etc., on some of Ibn Arabi's views by virtue of the authentic mystical and jurisprudent sources.Ibn Arabi's views, which have been seriously objected by these scholars, are as follows: monism, reincarnation and union, Velayat, recognition of Imam Mahdi, to cite a few.This article indicates that a number of Ibn Arabi's views, involving monism and recognition of Imam Mahdi, are indeed defensible whereas some others, which are dealt with in this article, are indefensible.

The world and overworld can be compared from different perspectives. The holy Quran has also drawn an analogy between these two types of life while elaborating on the superiority of the overworldly life. Unlike the worldly life, the life in overworld is eternal and everlasting, and death is senseless in it. It is worthy to note that these differences should not fully separate these two entities as in Islam there exists a tight relationship between these two types of life. In fact, the overworld is an elevated style of the worldly life, like the ripe and unripe fruits, thus, it is claimed that the world is the farm of the overworld as it is moving through evolution toward an ultimate goal.

The present article attempts to provide on answer to one essential question: What is the relationship between faith and security from the standpoint of the holy Quran? When pondering on the holy Quran verses, it is revealed that faith provides security through upholding the moral values, such as justice and the negation of oppression, in individual and society. To prove this hypothesis, the author refers to Allameh Tabatabaee's Credit Perception view, having been elaborated in his book, entitled "The Principle of Philosophy and Realism Approach" as well as "Al-Mizan Commentary". The author also makes use of Allameh Tabatabaee's Service Principle, which is the prerequisite of civil society formation. According to this principle, people need to assist one another so as to remove their own essential needs. If this social service is maintained in one-sided way, the social insecurity and oppression will be widespread, and if the service is achieved in a two-sided way, security and justice are held in society.The present article also intends to prove that the Divine laws, which are compatible with man's nature and needs, are considered as the best approach for administering justice and security in society. The core belief behind that is God, the Almighty, has created man and is fully conversant with his needs, thus, the Divine laws can fully cover man's needs. As a result, He has appointed the Divine prophets and the infallible Imams to elaborate the Divine laws and reform the man's relationship with other people and lead the society toward the right direction so as to uphold security and justice in society.

The present article firstly deals with the notion of apostate and apostasy and then scans this notion in different sources, including the holy Quran and Ahlul Bayt's hadiths. It then elaborates on the concept of inborn and national apostate from the standpoint of Imamiyeh sect while presenting the Shiite jurisprudents views, pointing out that any insulting remarks to the holy Prophet and infallible Imams and even to their mothers and Hazrat Fatima (Peace be upon her) is considered as apostasy. This article then reflects the Sunnites' viewpoints on the relationship between apostasy and freedom of speech and thought. It also elaborates on the holy Quran verse: " لا اکراه فی الدین "

Man's social life is a melange of reality and responsibility. Mankind is different from one side in talent, knowledge and moral values and from the other side in motives, desires and needs. As a result, the outbreak of discrepancy is expected among them. No doubt, the whole human societies, regardless of their beliefs and directions, need justice and fair judgment to attain prosperity and security.The present article intends to prove that the ultimate goal of legal procedure in Islam is to discover reality, to administer justice and to terminate the season of hostility. Besides, it elaborates on the ways to discover reality and administer justice in society.

Mental health has been the center of attention for a long time whose sources can be traced in Quran's verses and tradition of prophit's family. Quran's healing power and the ways hat are stated for dealing with mental pressure and providing mental health for human beings has attracted the attetion of researchers.Muslim doctors who learnt medicine from Hippocrates and Galenus turned to mental health on the basis of Quran's teachings and the tradition.Quran is a divine text that introduces many problems and diseases. It defines the ways for treament of these problems. a) Spiritual diseases: such as blasphemy and aberration. Imam Ali introduces these problems as the biggest problems of human beings because they divert human in life and are the cause of annihilation of men's investment of life, effort, and immortal happiness.b) Social diseases: unawareness, dispesion, opperssion, quarrelling, violence, war, social corruption, treachery, laws against women and breaking a promise have been the most important social diseases in history Recognizing the effective factors in spritual pressure and the ways for providing mental health are the things that are covered by this study.In educational psychology, behaviorists use special ways and try to use definitr manner. They want to relate themselves to the time of behavior, nature of the living thing and its invironment.Quran is a complete book that considers individual people and its aim is to train a mature and perfect man.