POLITICAL SCIENCE QUARTERLY
Year:2013 | Volume:9 | Issue:24|Papers Count:7

Social capital as equal to the other sorts of capital such as ecomonic capital, human capital and soon… is regarded as one of the main components of the development achievement. Bacause, from the functional view point, high accumulation of social capital, makes things be down more easily in every sector of society. More cost. On the other handm in the course of development, society transists from tkaditional formation into modern onr and following this transition social and national integraty also changes from orginal from into the mechanical one which is the conseqnense of a new division of labor structure. Now, the question is whether social capital development has a positive effect on promotion and increasing of social solidarity and national integrity? The article tries to answer this question by applying analytical method which finally shows there is a positive relation between social capital development and social solidarity and national integrity.

The article persure to explain and describe the factors of producing opporatunity and Limitaion of World Trade Organization upon the developing countries. Now, the nain question here in this article is that, reating to the policites of WTO, what is the impact of them upon the development of developing countries? This proposition claims that there are opportunities well limitations before developing countries within WTO and there more pooprtunistes and less challenges relating to those countries to follow the hegemon policies. The WTO and its decision- making system seriously approves the unequal and unjust system of Bretton Woods and its hegemon economic policies which have critical role in persistence of such unequalities, The hegemon obligations and its relating instrument for the developing countries in a selective manner. Also, these policies are justified and pertend to be natural by extending hegemony ih the social and cultural areas.

The development which have taken place since the end of 2010 year in the Arab Middle East region are indicating that the region is transiting towards a new era of its political and social life. There developments are characterized by two main qualities: Islamic Awakening and Arab Spring. The Islamic Awakening is more the choice of Islamic Republic of Iran, but the Western analysts are in favor of Arab Spring which is characterized to them as a sout of democracy advocacy overlapped with the political development. If we regard these developments as democratic ones. Then, on the basis of the theory of democratic peace, those democratic states should not wage war with each other. Therefore the objective of the research is to understand the possibility of realization of peace and security and to achieve political development through strengthening the democratic mechanisms in the Middle East region. The article, by using a descriptive-analytical method, concludes that these developments should lead to the democratization of conditions and create peace and stability in the region, but the existing challenges in the Middle East region such as those relating to Palestine, ethnic and religious conflicts and Iran’s nuclear problem faced to achieve democratic peace and political development with difficulties.

Economic globalization consists of four fields of production, investment and trade and finance globalization. These conditions, in a theoretical framework of complicated mutual dependency, explains the interwove interests of countries in the post-national, national and trans-national levels which includes governmental and non-governmental actors and consequently defines countries national interests a long with integration and correlation with other countries interests. In this regard, the main question of this article is that in terms of these conditions, what are the elements have to be considered in interaction with the international field, while it is to choose the resistant economy strategy in Iran? The result shows that the Islamic Republic of Iran, in order to realized the resistant economy in lesser cost, she has to emphasize on her strength points and relative and competitive priorities in interaction with world economy. In this case, the cost of sanctions and military threat towards Iran increases and the national interest and security of other countries take the same direction as Iran’s national interests and security. It is due to the fact that the country’s strategic weak points of economy remain safe of any threat.

Development is a programmed process in the political and economic schools in different dimensions for making human future life. The development phenomenon is considered as growth and progress in political, social, economic and cultural dimensions in all world countries, especially in those of developing ones. The most astonishing today's event is unprecedented speed of development and civilization changes in the whole history. Never before in the past times, the conditions of life for a large groups of human societies have changed so fast. All human societies and all fields of human experiences are faced with these changes which have occurred within development and modernization and resting changes. Infect, development writes the future history of mankind and is considered as a solution for it in different dimensions. However, the science of history relates to the past and all human achievements in different sciences have been passed within it. In this regard, here the question is what relation axistes between history and development and modernization? Is there a caused and effect relation between them or not?

The establishment of Religious Democracy system based on “Vallayat Faghih” is a new experience within political system discussion while it has necessary potential and capacity to attract political participation and competition. In this research, we study theoretical subject relating to “Party System” and “Vallayat Faghih”. And then examine the foundations of party system from the view point of political Shiite Fegheh and finally we also refer to the place of party system in the Constitutional Law of Islamic Republic of Iran. Today, relating to the process of political participation debate, in addition to vast popular political participation. The competition discussion has also very important place. Now, the political parties as one of the component of sustained political development in democratic societies have important role in contemporary societies. The Shiite Political Fegheh has an important potential to support political system within democratic foundations. The article pursues to explain the place of political parties as one of the necessities of democracy and its compatibility whit the foundations of Shiite Political Fegheh and Islamic Republic.