POLITICAL SCIENCE QUARTERLY
Year:2011 | Volume:- | Issue:13|Papers Count:9

Globalization is a concept which indicates the density of the world, intensification of knowledge about the world as a whole, real interdependence of the world and integrity and consciousness of the world. Globalization is a process which has deeply influenced different dimensions of human life, especially in the fields of production, government, society, knowledge, culture and education. The influence of globalization on education implies and emphasizes on many reforms and changes in the educational content and structure. Generally speaking, globalization is a process which has influenced the concepts such as sovereignty and national identity among nations in both micro and macro levels. Therefore, the educational systems which regarded as the transferor of human knowledge to the students, can not deprive themselves from such an expanding process. The article describes and analyzes the points referring the case.

Chinese approach from the beginning of reforms in the country (late 1970 decade) until now has always been: “economic development and political stability”.Continuous domination of this strategy on Chinese political life, both in internal and external spheres has naturally determined the behavioural frame work of china in these two spheres. In Chinese foreign policy, this strategy implies two necessities:a) Strengthening stability in Chinese security environment (regional and international),b) To attract international resources necessary to advance economic development process (economic and political resources). in this ground Islamic Republic of Iran as a country which has rich oil and gas resources will meet Chinese needs and priority. From international point of view, both countries are extending their cooperation. Therefore, the article studies, firstly, the new international system emergence of new powers and then, it explains the priorities of Chinese foreign policy and Iran - Chinese relations pattern.

Explanation of the role and place of culture in international relations is very important. Especially, by proposing the late theories in international relations, we are witnessing the importance of cultural role as a basis for analysing international subjects and problems. Usually, the most classic thinkers of international relations describing the influencial factors during explanation of international problems emphasize on poltical, security and economic areas. Today, some have turned their attention at cultural subjects and problems in seeking the answer for their questions. Among the late thinkers of international relations, there are two different view points, some view the culture as a ground for cultural conflict and tension in international relations fields, and the others, see culture as an arena for dialogue, interaction and integrity in the same fields. By regarding to such a distinction, the article seeks to explain the relation of culture and politics in a macro level in international relations and also to examine the place of culture in international relations in a micro approach.

In the atmosphere of globalization in the end of twentieth century and third millennium, the components of statesmanship have confronted with new challenges and opportunities. Some countries by state infra - stractures preparedness have successfully entered into the post-industrial and post - democracy world and its trans space and time and various actors, and have been able to benefit from this condition as an opportunity. In globalization era, international environment have moved from hardware attitude toward software view. This change has been compatible with developments such as, end of cold war, the fall of Berlin’s wall, the Soviet Union breakdown, replacement in bipolar system, realization of electronic revolution, and emergence of network society. These changes have greatly influenced the concepts of westphalian state. Therefore, globalization of economy in the framework of informative and communicative revolution has caused the state weakness and also has made all political and cultural structures to implement global functions. The article seeks to examine such a changes and their impacts on the westphalian concept of state.

Social capital is a new concept which has come from social sciences into the field of political science and has played an important and wide role in relation between society and government. The word capital in this regard means that social capital, like economic capital or human capital has a creative and dynamic nature and can produce value, power and authority. The word social also indicates the fact that social capital is not considered as personal property and therefore belongs to the society as a whole. The aboved interaction finally leads to the results such as political trust, consensus, integrity, social order, political development, and national security. The article examines the case and attempt to illuminate its nature.

Although myths are described within story, but they have valuable application in human life. Whatever one goes back to the far past, he finds more important role of the myths in human life order. They inspired their ancient way of life from these myths. However, to know about the ancient myths means to understand the ideas of our ancestors in the past. Sometimes they are considered as an important source in this ground. The article attempts by analyzing ancient Persian myths in different aspects in order to deal with the political application of the political Iran’s myths.

Oil is undoubtedly the most important, and at the same time, the most politicoeconomic commodity in today’s world. As the most important source of economic and political power, oil has constantly played a significant role for oli’s governments, and has served as a major fuel for their economic power. However, historical experience shows that having exuberant oil resources and revenue has had no significant link to welfare facilities or to becoming a welfare state; and the governments have always deprived the country from having a democratic state by creating certain rent-seeking networks. In his book entitled “Socio-economic origins of dictatorship and democracy”, Barrington Moore writes that he believes that by the introduction of oil revenues to state economic accounts, the increase in the size of the government and dependence of economic activities -and subsequently social activities-on a rentier system, people’s economic and social activities will be confined, and this is in turn works against the creation of a civil society. Thomas Freedman in 2006 in a review of the concept of “Petropolitics” believes that there is a reverse relation between the increase in oil prices and revenues of oil-exporting countries and the speed of democratization of the said countries. The historical experience shows that the increase in oil revenues has not led to the increase in economic growth and public welfare. It has rather led to the increase in military expenses and the improvement of the quality of arms used in such countries.  This especially applies to Persian Gulf littoral states. This article therefore intends to review the impact of oil revenues, rentier states and democracy.