JOURNAL OF WETLAND ECOBIOLOGY
Year:2012 | Volume:3 | Issue:11|Papers Count:10

Investigation of some habitat condition and identification of breeding population of birds in Mond National Park islands (Um-al-Gourm, Khan and Nakhilou) carried out since March –September 2008. In this study, 44 species of birds (terrestrial and waterbirds) has been identified in the islands, they contain 1.5 percent of all birds species of Iran. Eight species of them were breeder and reminder (36 species) were passage migratory. Breeder species bred in Khan, Um-al-Gourm, Tahmadon and Nakhilou islands. Breeding population of birds were 40424 pairs. The dominant species were Sterna bengalensis with 19013 and Sterna Anaethetus with 17440 breeder pairs. The breeder populations of Sterna bergii was 920 in Nakhilou. The breeder population of Egretta gularis was 92, 92 and 74 pairs in Um-al-Gourm, Nakhilou and Khan Islands respectively. The breeder population of Dromas ardeola was 2266 on Nakhilou and 481 on Um-al-Gourm. In 2006 the breeding of Charadrius mongolus has been reported for first time on Nakhilou, but this species had not bred in 2008. The information of this study showed, that the Nakhilou, Khan and Um-al-Gourm islands are very sensitive and important habitats for breeder species of terns, Crab Plover and Western Reef Heron in Persian Gulf. The best management of the islands is Ecosystem management with attracting ecotourism with planning for protecting the natural environment and colonial breeder birds of islands.

Using bioclimatic indexes in different geographical locations can help touristic schedule for attracting the people to spend their time in different tourist attractions.The purpose of this investigation is to designate the bioclimatic comfort’s calendar to schedule the programs of tourism for Hamun lagoon in monthly scale. For designating climatic conditions in different months of a year, indexes of TCI, Terjung and Evans are the basis of this research. Therefore, the climatic data were derived from the Zabol synoptic station during the statistical area (from 1986 to 2008) and the homogeneity of them examined with interpolation method.The conclusion of this research that is done in spring 2012, indicate very good condition in May, June and September according to TCI index and the daily pleasant condition in April and May and nightly pleasant condition in July, August and September can be seen according to Terjung index. The Evans’s index of daily comfort can be observed in April, November, December and March and nightly comfort appears in May, June, August and September.

This survey was performed in order to determine compactness of mercury in the gill and liver and muscle of two species Barbus sharpeyi in Shadegan wetland and Azadegan Aquaculture Site in summer 2011. At first, 54 fish samples were caught in random size by gill net from Shadegan wetland and Azadegan Aquaculture Site. The samples cary to Kimiya projeo Alborz labratori. After extracted tissues (liver, gill and muscle), elements were assayed by using Perkin Elmer 4100 atomic absorption and the results were given as mg/kg dry wt. In this research, the concentration of metal Cd in muscle tissues and gill and liver of Barbus sharpeyi in Shadegan wetland sequence 0.23±0.014, 0.34±0.037, 0.27±0.022 mg/kg dry wt. The concentration of metal Cd in muscle tissues and gill and liver of Barbus sharpeyi in Azadegan Aquaculture Site sequence 0.23±0.005, 0.31±0.022, 0.26±0.009 mg/kg dry wt. The concentration of metal Cd in gill and liver and muscle tissues of B.sharpeyi shadegan wetland higher than in Azadegan Aquaculture Site (P£0.05). This study concentration of metal Cd in the gill and liver of Shadegan wetland B.sharpeyi significant difference (P£0.05).but Comparing of cadmium in gill and liver and muscle tissues of B. sharpeyi of Azadegan Aquaculture Site with the concentration of liver and muscle tissues and gill and muscle tissues not significant difference (P³0.05)The metal accumulation was higher than world Health Organization (WHO) and National Food Authority, Food Standard (FDA) in the muscle of B.sharpeyi in Shadegan wetland.

This study carried out in the Iranian waters of the Caspian Sea during 2007. This study aimed to determine species composition, relative abundance, and absolute abundance and was estimated of biomass. This survey was carried out in the Iranian waters of the Caspian Sea on board of the Sisara 2 (250 hp) Research vessel using 9 m bottom trawl in depth less than 10 m. Trawling was carried out in 50 stations that were selected using a stratified random design. In each station trawling carried out up to 30 minute and 2.5-3 not speed.In the summer 2007 totally 70 sturgeon specimens were caught including 60 A. persicus specimens, 6 A. stellatus, and 4 A. gueldenstaedtii specimens. The catch composition comprised 85.7% A. persicus, 8.6% A. stellatus, and 5.7% A. gueldenstaedtii. In the wither 2007 totally 75 sturgeon specimens were caught including 55 A. persicus specimens and 2 A. gueldenstaedtii specimens. The catch composition comprised 96.5% A. persicus and 3.5% A. gueldenstaedtii. The mean total length in the summer 2007 for a persicus was 26.4±14.8 cm, A. stellatus 61.1±26.5 cm and A. gueldenstaedtii was 32.7±3.3 cm. The mean total weight in the summer 2007 for A persicus was 154±8 g, A. stellatus was 714.2±696.8 g and A. gueldenstaedtii was 101.5±24.5 g. The mean total length in the winter 2007 for a persicus was 22.4±2.9 cm, A. stellatus 61.1±26.5 cm and A. gueldenstaedtii was 102.7±29.7 cm. The mean total weight in the summer 2007 for A persicus was 34±4 g and A. gueldenstaedtii was 6375±5833.6 g. Relative abundance of sturgeons caught in bottom trawls in summer 2007 was 1.4 and winter 2007 survey was 1.14 specimens per trawl. The estimated total abundance in the summer 2007 survey was 1432 thousand and in survey of winter 2007 survey was 2250 thousand specimens. The biomass of sturgeons in the Iranian waters (10m>) of the Caspian Sea in summer 2007 was estimated at 312 tons and winter 2007 was estimated at 578 tons.

Anzali wetland is located between two different saline-freshwater bodies, where constituted a unique ecosystem, internationally known as an important wetland and registered as Ramsar convention in 1975. The purpose of this investigation was to study the concentration of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu and Zn) in the surface sediments of Anzali wetland. Sediment samples were selected from six sites in Anzali wetland on summer 2009 by grab sampler. Then the samples with size 0.063, 0.25, 1 and 2 mm were chosen to study the impact of the fine-grained on the accumulation of heavy metals. Digestions of sediments were carried out on the sand bath by nitric acid and hydrochloric acid. Results showed that the concentration of cadmium and copper were higher in comparison with values of earth’s crust and global sediments. Of course, geochemical accumulation index confirms the pollution of cadmium in the wetland sediments. The results of correlation between metals with sediments size showed that dimensions of sediments except the particles 0.063 mm didn’t have a significant impact on the spatial distribution of heavy metals in the region.

This study carries out to compared the biochemical composition of two species, Botak (Cyprinion macrostomum) and tiny scales Siahmahi (Capoeta damascina) in the warm (summer) and cold (autumn) season that was done in 1390 at Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology. In each season collected nine fish that Botak and Siahmahi fish with mean weight 350±5.73 g and 345±7.58 g and total length of 16.5±1 and 15.8±1.4 cm, respectively from Sezar River of the Lorestan province (Stations 1, 2 and 3) and then all fish were biometry. Based on these results, the highest moisture content of carcass in Siahmahi was 78.69 percent of body weight and the lowest was in Botak fish with 74.05 percent was observed in the warm season. Significantly differences was observed in moisture content of carcass between the warm and cold season in Botak fish (P<0.05). While carcass moisture content of Siahmahi in cold and warm seasons showed no significantly differences. However, according to the results of one-way ANOVA, no significantly differences in carcass moisture content was observed between the two species in the warm and cold seasons (P<0.05). The highest protein contents of Botak was 9.40 percent in the warm season and for the tiny scales Siahmahi was 6.86 percent of body weight in the cold season, respectively. Protein content of Botak and Siahmahi carcass were significantly different in warm and cold seasons (P<0.05). Botak fish in the warm season showed maximum fat with 4.38% of body weight. However, fat content of whole body was significantly different between Botak and tiny scales Siahmahi in warm and cold seasons (P<0.05). Ash content of body Botak and tiny scales Sahmahi showed no significant difference between the seasons of this research. In addition, no significantly difference was observed in Ash content between two species. Fainally, according to the results of this study, body biochemical composition of Botak and tiny scales Siahmahi in warm and cold seasons were probably affected by water temperature changed in the two seasons that it was lead to different in the abundance of food in the environment and there was effected on biochemical compounds of fish body.

This research was carried out in International Sturgeon Research Institute of Rasht in 2011 with the aim of studying the effects of density on growth indices of Nereis diversicolor in cultural condition. For this purpose, Nereis worms from Anzali wetland were gathered with grab. Nereis worms were kept in 0.5 tone tubs with sandy clay sediments and the salinity of 5ppt. After the propagation of worms in tubs the larvae immigrated to the surface and were collected. The length and the weight of larvae were measured and they were transferred to the tanks. The experiments were conducted in four treatments and three replications with the densities of 1000, 2500, 5000 and 10000 worms in m2. The larvae have the initial weight and length of 0.08±0.04 and 3±1, respectively. These larvae were kept in the same sediments containing detritus. During this period feeding and changing of water was continued and physicochemical parameters of water such as salinity, pH, temperature and DO were measured. After 3 months, the weight, the length and the survival rate of larvae were measured again. The results of analyzing the physicochemical parameters of water in different treatments showed that there is not any significant difference in the amount of temperature, DO, pH and salinity (p³0.05). On the other hand, studying the growth indexes shows a significant difference in SGR and WG percent between different treatments (p<0.05), but no significant difference was found in the survival percentage of different treatments (p£0.05). So it can be concluded that high densities of Nereis, because of high rates of growth indices can increase production in surface unit.

The climate and tourism are highly correlated to each other so that having the idealistic climatic conditions have been considered as the advantages and potentials and the majority of tourists to select the place and time of tour regard the weather conditions. To attract the tourism is one of the most important usages of wetlands; development of tourism industry as a profitable and significant industry is one of the important items in the field of economic development around the world. Aghgel wetland has been located in the northeast of Malayer city and in 35 km distance from Malayer, 1 km from southeast of Islam-Abad village and 500 m far from total village of Malayer subordinates and on the border point of Hamadan and Markazi provinces. In this research, the appropriate days for the recreation and trip in Aghgel wetland have been determined by using Terjung Bioclimatic Index and the meteorology data of Malayer synoptic station during 2010-2011. Results show that the weather conditions have been cold during night in December, January, February and March. Other months have the very cool conditions. Also, the daily bioclimatic condition is very cool in November, December, January, February and March and it is cool in April; the condition is warm in July and September. It is hot in August and there are the comfort conditions for the wetland during October and a term of November. Therefore, given the importance of tourism issue in the wetlands and also that the application of terjung index on the computation of tourism climate is a new case; there is the hope to be carried out the similar studies in this field within other valuable wetland and aquatic habitats of the Iran.