JOURNAL OF WETLAND ECOBIOLOGY
Year:2012 | Volume:3 | Issue:12|Papers Count:11

Benthic organisms in terms of numbers and diversity, in relation to a particular place in the food chain and water production accounted. In this study the community structure and diversity of Ismaeili estuary that is the one of the Moosa estuaries in southern Khuzestan was survived. Sampling was carried out from winter 2011 until spring 2012, and three replications of five stations were sampled. Based on the results of all sampling stations and seasons, the four categories includes polychaeta, bivalvia, gastropoda and crustacea which include 44 species and 11019 individual were identified. In the study area the most density of benthic includes polychaeta Macro benthos, bivalvia, gastropoda and crustacean were respectively. In the whole study period, the highest value of Shannon index in winter with 1.719, the maximum of Simpson's index in summer with 0.966, the maximum value of Camargo in winter with 0.670 and the maximum value of the index in winter Brillouin with 1.696 were recorded.

Development of forestation land use based on actual and potential capability of land in addition to economic and recreational benefits can be useful to preserve natural resources. Objective of this study is to evaluate land capability across Gheshlagh dam watershed area in Kurdistan province, western Iran (in 2011) to develop forestation land use for conservation purpose and increasing biological capability of the ecosystems in this region. At first, effective environmental criteria for land evaluation to develop forestation land use were clarified based on opinions of the experts and documented references. Then, requisite data were collected through field survey and using accessible information. Next, mapping, analysis and overlapping of the collected data were conducted through application of integrated GIS and fuzzy screening method. After that, map of land capability evaluation, to develop forestation land use, was provided by two classes including developed and non-developed parts, whereas the final classified map of developed parts was obtained. The results showed that during the fuzzy screening method the land can only be evaluated by two classes, including developed and non-developed parts for a single land use type and this method is incapable of classifying final environmental units. Also according to the obtained results capability classes for very suitable, suitable, moderately suitable, less suitable, much less suitable and non-developed parts for forestation land use contained 5, 20, 24, 14, 6, and 31 percent of the study area, respectively.

This study aims to identifying, ranking and analyze the risks that threaten Shirinsoo wetland Hamedan province was done in 2012. Shirinsoo wetland is located in Hamedan province in 55 km Northwest of Kabodarahang County. In first step, risks based on previous studies, field visits and interviews with local people were identified. The Analytical Hierarchy Process and Expert choice software was used to determine the occurrence probability of each risk. To determine the severity and dispersion of pollution, the Environment Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (EFMEA) were used. Finally risk analysis was carried out using TOPSIS Multi Criteria Decision Making. Results shown that the risk of quarrying activities upstream and effluent release in the region and water pollution from sewage lagoon rural was identified as major risks. After determining the risk priority number by TOPSIS, risk levels were determines that shown the priorities of management to control the risks. The advantage of TOPSIS in environmental risk assessment is ranking of risk by deferent criteria. By using this method in environmental risk assessment, infinitely risk can be ranked based on the infinitely criteria. High accuracy and use of spreadsheet software are other advantages of this method.

Tourism is an important factor in promoting the cultures and introducing different societies. The development of tourism industry will improve social-economical progress. The investigation of ecotourism and tourist attractions and the effect of climate on tourism areas is the most important factor in tourism planning. Sarab Niloofar (Wetland) is a typical tourism area which is located 24 km. northwest of Kermanshah. This wetland is situated at 1315 meters above sea level. This study aimed to introduce some ecotourism potentials of Sarab Niloofar (Wetland) and to evaluate the condition of thermal comfort for ecotourism activities. To this end, Evanz and thermo-hydrometric indexs as well as the climatic data of Kermanshah Synoptic Station during 1984-2003 were used. Consequently, desirable months for the tourists’ comfort in the area in question were analyzed. Adapting a descriptive - analytical method, the field and documentary studies were also applied to examine the ecotourism potential of the area. The results revealed that the typical tourism area of Sarab Niloofar (Wetland) as one of water resources which has ecotourism value, is an appropriate area for tourism in spring and summer. Furthermore, with the construction of hotels and camps, this area can provide proper tourism conditions in autumn (September and October). However, due to cold weather in winter, the area condition was not evaluated appropriate.

In order to observe the changes caused by low levels of lethal concentration of Randup on testosterone level of male Rainbow trout breeders, 120 fish with an average weight of 185 grams were exposed to 25%, 50%, and 75% of concentration of LC50 of Randap in Dr. Keivan Fisheries Sciences and Marine Skills Research Center during the fall of 1390 (according to the Iranian calendar). As the LC50 of Randap is 20 mg/l, three treatments including 5, 10, and 15 ppm with a control group were established. Trials were conducted in 5-day and 10-day time periods. Blood sampling was done through tail vein after anesthesia at the end of each period. After centrifuge, testosterone level was measured by radioimmunoassay method using specteria kit and gamma counter. Testosterone level in the control was 17.33±2.18 and for 25%, 50%, and 75% of LC50 was 3.02±2.04, 0.17±0.057, and 0.057±0.02, respectively in the first trial (5-day). In the second trial (10-day), testosterone level in the control was 12±7 and for 25%, 50%, and 75% of concentration of LC50 was 1.89±0.97, 0.40±0.020, and 0.23±0.035, respectively. In fact, mean level of testosterone in the control was more than in 25%, 50%, and 75% of concentration of LC50 in both trials. According to t-test to compare the mean of measured testosterone level in the first trial and the second trial, no significant difference was observed (P<0.05). The results also showed that hormone level decreases with the increase of toxin concentration which can negatively affect fertility and other spermatological and behavioral parameters that needs further studies.

In this study the boundary changes of land and water conservation Anzali wetland areas and Mapping boundaries of the different layers of water, marsh, rice farm and residential area for field control was marked by GPS in 2005 to 2006. And basic map is provided by GIS for study area and needed data was extracted from Land sat Satellite of ETM+ sensor in 2002 year. And then the factors were surveyed, buffer zone and transition zone for the region was determined. Finally, using Arc Map software and developing capabilities and planning of this software by putting on the information and analysis, the final map is provided. In the next step map boundaries with the Master Plan Map were compared. The results of this comparison and changes in Anzali wetland conservation boundaries of water and land border shows significant changes in some of the protected zone such as Siakashim due to the change in the Sedimentation of river, canal, water pump for variety using and illegal drying happened. While some conservation areas, due to management and protected program have minimal changes. Result of this study provided a good Achievement. This method and data can be used for environmental management of Anzali wetland.

To survey the changing trend of heterogeneity and density indices of the wintering waterfowl and wader birds within the Hoor Al Azim and Shadegan wetlands the data of birds census that were collected in 2010-2007 by the Department of Environment of Khuzestan Province, were analyzed. Simpson and Shannon-Wiener indices of heterogeneity, Margalef and Menhink indices of richness, Simpson and Camargo indices of evenness and the density were calculated in different years and wetlands for the waterfowls and waders then compared. The most and least amount of Simpson index in Hoor Al Azim calculated for 2008 and 2010 by 0.810 and 0.416 and also for Shadegan wetland the these rates were 2009 and 2010 by 0.908, 0.878 respectively. Also in Hoor Al Azim for Simpson index of eveness, most and least rates were defined for 2008, 2009 by 0.146 and 0.063 respectively. Also these amounts for Shadegan were for 2008 and 2010 by 0.290 and 0.178. Dring the study period in Hooa Al Azim the most and least rates of density belonged to 2008 and 2010 with amount of 0.52 and 0.17 and in Shadegan theses were for 2008 and 2009 with 3.99 and 0.15 respectively however the decreasing trend in Hoor Al Azim was more clearer. The numbers of waders' species in two wetlands were more than water fowls (except of 2008 in Hoor Al Azim), but the water fowls frequency always was more than waders instead. It seemed that Hoor Al Azim and Shadegan wetlands have a more suitable condition in preparing food resources for water fowls than the waders and this have emerged by the more number of water fowls in two wetlands. Better condition for maintaining migrating birds looks to belong to Shadegan wetland which has had more number of water fowls and waders either.

This study to Evaluated the potential of Tourism in Orumieh lack at north western (West Azerbaijan and East) was carried out. This study aimed to develop proper strategies for the development tourism in Orumieh Lake By analytical techniques have been 1391. According to, by using internal and External Affecting Factors, SWOT Analysis was used. In this regard, first the internal factors strengths and weaknesses) and external factors (opportunities and threats) the area under review identified. The population of this study, two groups of tourists (150) and managers (30) the method of sampling the selected sample And surveys of tourists in the twenty-first to twenty-third day of July 1391 off the coast of eskeleh, Bari tourism complex and chichest Tourism complex What were distributed among tourists, as well also officials survey finished in the twenty-fifth to twenty-seventh day of July. The results confirm that Despite the unique natural attractions that Can potentially field to the poles of nature tourism in inland areas - coastal converted, the Weaknesses Example Regeneration projects tourism officials working at the lake and weaknesses the planning and investment public and private section Caused that of the range many internal and external matrix in terms with conservative (WO) is placed. At End QSPM matrix based on conservative area under research completing and after the loading of each of the points, needed strategies the order was proposed and based on the result overview strategy in conservation sensitive areas programs and Proper supervision on regulations about ecosystem of the Orumieh Lake was selected as the most effective strategy.