JOURNAL OF WETLAND ECOBIOLOGY
Year:2011 | Volume:2 | Issue:7|Papers Count:9

The aim of this study was to analysis the genetic diversity of Anzali wetland pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) based on microsatellite markers. For this purpose, 50 samples of adult pikeperch from Anzali Wetland were collected. For each sample, 2 g dorsal fin tissues was collected and conserved in absolute alcohol for subsequent DNA extraction and amplification. Total genomic DNA was extracted from fin tissue and the quality and concentration of DNA were assessed using agarose gel electrophoresis and spectrophotometer. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was conducted using 15 pairs of microsatellite primers. PCR products were separated on 6% polyacrylamide gels and stained by silver nitrate. DNA bands were analysed using Biocapt and GenAlex software package. Out of 15 pairs of microsatellite, 6 polymorphic loci were produced. The average number of alleles found per locus was 2.5. The range of observed and expected hetrozygosities were 0.30-0.80 and 0.25-0.63 respectively which the lowest amount was found in locus YP110 and the highest was found in locus Pfla L9. The low average number of alleles and genetic diversity is due to the artificial propagation in this species. Deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were found in some of alleles that can be referred to non-accidental sampling because of small population size and inbreeding.

This research was carried out over a period of 21 days in the September - October of 2009 in Shahid Maleki Warm Water Fish Culture Centre in Ahwaz.Fingerlings of silver carp, (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) (13.55±0.726 g, 11.04±0.093 cm) were reared at salinities of 3, 6, 9, 12‰ and 1>(as control) at 24.16±1.35 °C. Fishes were placed in 250 l-tank (10 silver carp /tank). These treatments were tasted in three replicates. At the end of experimental period, blood was collected from the heart for determination of haemoglobin and haematocrit. Salinity up to 3‰ did not affect these factors (p>0.05). Higher salinities (6 and 9‰) adverse effects on haematocrit, haemoglobin body moisture and survival (p<0.05). At 12‰ all fishes died prior to 7 days.Silver carp, a freshwater stenohaline fish exhibited no signs of stress in up to 3‰ salinity. These results demonstrated that changes in haemoglobin and haematocrit can be used as indices in response salinity sress on silver carp.

Occurrences droughts with all their consequences are assuming physical and frequent phenomena in ecosystem. In this research, data of annual precipitation of 11 stations from Parishan Lake Watershed basin used for estimation of wet and dry years in periods (1361-1385). Different indexes based precipitation are using for quantitative evaluation and realization of wet, dry and normal years. Used indexes in this paper are PNPI (Percent Normal precipitation Index), Nicheh and SPI. In Niche and PNPI indexes, all stations have faced with more normal conditions and drought and wet years observed relatively equal frequency in each of these indicators. However, the greater frequency of droughts with different intensity was observing with the SPI index. Also in all stations, Normal conditions have the greater frequent in Niche index compared to PNPI index. It seems PNPI index is between of Niche and SPI indexes in view of Normal, drought, wet year frequent and it shows a more balanced condition. In all indicators, the most severe drought and wet year of stations observed in 1372 and 1376, respectively. Also severe dry periods are not high in the study basin.

This study is a part of floristic survey of the aquatic plants in Ahvaz and suburbs irrigation canals in a one-year (2008-2009) period. The hydrophytes were sampled from Ahvaz and suburbs irrigation canals. They were cleaned and transported to the Lab and the identification procedure was carried out by the botanical keys.The ornamental submersed plants had been identified according to the aquarium plants encyclopedia and their appearance in the aquarium markets. Finally 12 species were recognized as suitable species for aquariums.

This study was done for determination of biodiversity of wintering waterfowl and waders fauna in Khor-e-Khargi. In this study biodiversity of wintering waterfowl and waders of Khor-e-Khargi has been studied during 2007 - 2010. Khor-e-Khargi is located in Hormozgan province. Its geographical positions are 56° 43´ E and 27° 7´ N. Data for calculating the estimates of biodiversity come from department of the Hormozgan environment. In this study, during 2007-2010, 40 species from 3 orders and 13 families of the birds of Iran were recognized at this area.During 2007-2010, a total of 6083 wintering waterbirds counted in this wetland and Limosa lapponica with 1789 individuals has the highest abundance. Among families of waterfowl and waders recognized in Khor-e-Khargi the largest family was Scolopacidae with 54.09 percent abundance and the lowest number belong to the Ciconiidae with 0.02 percent abundance. The result showed that during 2007 to 2010 waders with 84.6 percent and waterfowl with 26.4 percent has the highest and lowest abundance respectively.Application of biodiversity index among the years of studying showed that the year of 2008 with Margalef species richness, Rmg=4.72, Shanon-winer species diversity, H'=2.16 and Pielo species evenness, J'=0.7 has the highest biodiversity (P<0.05).

Ahwaz City, in recent years due to successive droughts has suffered from intensive dust phenomenon. This phenomenon is considered as one of the most fundamental potential factors causes boost in Karun river disturbances. Karun is the most important river ecosystem of Iran supplied required water for lots of cities, villages, industrial factories, farm lands and so on. It is also one of the supplying water sources of Shadegan Wetland, the area where is in critical condition. The current study aims at determination of variation of some important qualitative water parameters including turbidity, Electrical connectivity, total dissolved solid, temperature and pH affected by dust phenomenon. These parameters were measured at 11 stations specified on the Karun River for 9 months from October 2009 to June 2010 through days with the presence of dust phenomenon (equal to 153 days). The highest reported amounts equal to 2441.35 NTU, 2918.59 mmhos/cm, 1854.5 mg/L, 39.97°C and 7.79 respectively. Research ahead was performed using statistical analysis like Stepwise regression, analysis of variance, t tests and correlation tests in SPSS environment. Measurements results indicate that all parameters investigated within dusty days have been involved with significant changes due to effect of the dust phenomenon. Also, results suggested that regarding measurements conducted on qualitative water parameters like EC, pH, temperature and TDS in dusty days with higher dust concentration, using models fitted by the data as well as the meteorological forecast models Ahwaz water quality changes can be anticipated based on dust concentration transferred into the city.

The present study was carried out to investigate protein, lipid, carbohydrate, fiber, ash, moisture and also energy level in farmed common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and Indian white shrimp (Feneropenaeus indicus), 2009. Researched on common carp in three size, fingerling, middle and large (marketing size) and Indian shrimp in two sizes, middle and large. Samples fish and shrimp were collected of marketing in Ahvaz and Azadegan culture collection in Ahvaz. The protein, lipid, fiber, ash and moisture detected by Kjeltec 2300 foss Tecator, Soxtec 2050 foss tecator, 2010 foss tector Fibertec. The results showed of protein, lipid, carbohydrate, fiber, ash and moister in common carp was 67.5, 0.2, 9.08, 0.5, 5.2 and 74.01 g/100g and energy level was 4882 cal/g. In white Indian shrimp was 83.03, 2.6, 0.25, 0.5, 6.4, 45.23 g/100g and energy level was 3564 cal/g. protein, lipid, carbohydrate, moister and energy level in two species was significance different (P<0.05) and fiber and ash no significance different (P≥0.05).

Wetlands and aquatic ecosystems are very important that their values aren’t account simply. This simple ecosystem is biolife of very life organisms that their aquatic birds for predators, their fish for fisheries and wetland tulips for tourists are family. Miangharan wetland is in 210 Km from northwest of khozestan center, Ahvaz. This wetland is north of Izaeh with 40 Km², and high 822-828m from sea side. That altitude is 50', 49° until 54' and 49° and latitude 51', 31° and 55'.31°.This study was done based on wetland management ecotourism according IUCN model and to be shown deficit feasibilities in area and deficit of equipments and Disorders of them. IUCN cretrias consist 34 and basis economic.social, ecological, local and practical that their values are use for locals. The least value is 1 and highest is 5 in this matris and worthless area didn' t valuof matris. Miangharan wetland acquired 90 credit from 150, based on this credit it acquired sea –shore protection zone or wild life shelter.