JOURNAL OF ANIMAL BIOLOGY
Year:2010 | Volume:2 | Issue:4|Papers Count:9

Albumin is a water soluble protein that presence of this protein is essential for many organisms. This protein has important roles such as maintaining the osmotic pressure needed for proper distribution of body fluid between intra vascular compartment and body tissues. It also acts as plasma carrier non-specifically binding several steroid hormones and as a transport protein for heme and fatty acids. According to the key roles of albumin in body, maintaining of this protein is crucial in different conditions. One of the most abundant and widespread environmental pollutant is poly aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) that are very important because these compounds are harmful for human and other living organisms. In this project effect of some polyaromatic hydrocarbons such as chrysene, pyrene and phenanthrene on the structure of bovine serum albumin is investigated. At fist absorption spectrum of albumin in the presence and non presence of these compounds is investigated then saturated curve of albumin in the presence of these compounds is drawn. For complement the acquired results effect of pH on the absorbance of albumin and changes in secondary structure of albumin in the presence of these compounds are investigated. As a result of this project we can say that albumin structure is changed in the presence of chrysene, pyrene and phenanthrene.

Long-term consumption of Ecstasy causes addiction and mental and physical defects are numerous, thus present study on the effects of Ecstasy on hemogram, have been conducted. To this end, 72 adult female rats divided into eight groups: control, sham control and fluoxetine, Ecstasy and the Ecstasy+fluoxetine doses of 2.5, 5 and 10 (mg/kg.bw), respectively. Within 21 days after drug administration, blood samples collected and then blood factors, review and data via ANOVA and t tests were evaluated. Results showed that taking ecstasy and weighing it with fluoxetine possibly through effects on prolactin and dopamine increased white blood cell count is the increase in ecstasy alone is much greater. Ecstasy also does not affect red blood cells while taking fluoxetine increases weighing its red blood cell count was probably due to the non-compromise effect on body temperature and Ecstasy cortisol is secreted. Other results also showed that taking Ecstasy and it’s along with fluoxetine through effects on secretion of norepinephrine and dopamine cause the increase platelets. Thus, according to the additive and subtractive effects of ecstasy on some blood factors, is suggested if the research results in human samples are similar results in clinical poisoning emergency visit to ecstasy, hemogram they also be considered.

Considering the economic importance of Artemia in sturgeons fed and use as different business foods with the aim of breeding of this aquatic organism as well as definition the role of  appropriate nutrition of this animal increase its nutritional value, how to extract beer yeast as lettuce and two types of common foods in the rearing business, the rate of growth was studied. To achieve this goal, the amount of 0.5 grams of Artemia eggs were decapsulate urmiana Artemia which is native species of Iran were cultivated at zok Incubation with one liter volume. Salt levels and temperature during rearing, 35 grams per liter and 28oC temperature were constant. The measurement and investigate breeding stages with stage fed directly from the environment using brewer's yeast and, lettuce extracts were fed. Results of measuring the frequency and distribution of samples in studied stages, using SAS software, showed a significant difference in feeding period between these two nutrients. There wasn't any significant difference in feeding period between two used nutrients. The growth variations in both studied groups were similar.

This study was conducted to convey the effect of physical forms of ration (pellet and mash) on performance of two commercial broiler strains (Arian and Ross) in factorial arrangement (2 strains´2 sexes´2 ration forms) in complete randomized design in 49 days period. Weight gain, feed consumption, and feed conversion ratio, percentage of mortality, abdominal fat, carcass efficiency and body uniformity were evaluated. It was concluded that there is no difference in body weight gain of Arian and Ross, but Ross consumed less feed than Arian which caused better feed conversion ratio in Ross. On the other hand lower mortality and abdominal fat in Ross strains made them better strains in comparison to Arian. Based on better feed consumption, weight gain and feed efficiency the pellet diet was recommended in comparison to mash diet in these strains.

Probiotics are live microorganisms that consuming them increase health. It is used in treating and resolving gastrointestinal infections in humans and animals, caused by Salmonella typhimurium. Therefore the aim of this research is to study the effects of probiotic’s mixture on prevention and treatment of female mice BALB/c infected with Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028, and to investigate the effects of  Probiotics mixture on the blood indices and serum cholesterol level of the infected mice. In this study 18 female mice BALB/c aging 6-8 weeks were chosen and divided into three groups of six: experimental, sham and control. After treating the experimental group with a mixture of probiotic (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus Ramnosus and Bifidobacterium Longum) and sham with normal saline orally for 35 days, 1ml of suspension of bacteria (103 CFU/ml) was injected intraperitoneally to the mice in the three groups. After the pre-treatment period, blood samples were takes for testing blood indices. After dissecting the mice and removing spleen, the spleen homogenization was performed and   the number of bacteria was counted. According to the results, mixture of probiotic reduced the number of Salmonella typhimurium, spleen and liver indices, reduced liver and spleen weights and increased the number of lymphocyte.

This research was done in order to the evaluation of  the ash percentage and moisture and qualified study of calcium and carbohydrate in ovary and liver of female Mullie in in 30 specimens and 3 groups (adult, preadult and immature) in February, 2010. According to the statistical analysis, the ash and moisture percentage of ovary tissue in three groups including: adult (4-month-old), preadult (3-month-old) and immature (1.5-month-old) showed significant difference (P<0.05) and immature, preadult and adult groups had the maximum and minimum ash percentages, respectively; but no significant difference (P<0.05) was observed in all three groups. Ash and moisture percentage in liver tissues of immature mullie were higher than preadult and adult groups. Calcium staining by Von-kossa method in both liver and ovary tissues has shown that it will increase during growth and development. Staining of the carbohydrates in liver and ovary tissues was done by PAS method. The carbohydrate aggregation in ovaries increases in adult, preadult and immature groups; and, in liver increases in immature, preadult and adult groups, respectively.

Reptiles are very important in the biological control of environment. Because of rich fauna and flora of Ardabil Province; and since, many regions of it have not been studied yet, so this research was done in order to identify the fauna of lizards in southern regions of Ardabil Province (Ardabil, Khalkhal, Kosar, Ner, and Namin) during 2009-10. Specimens were collected by hand from different parts of study regions. Pictures and slides were teken from the live samples and of them transferred to zoological laboratory. In this study 4 families, 11 Genera and 13 species were identified, Including: Ophisops elegans, Laudakia caucasica caucasica, Trachylepis aurata  transcaucasica, Phrynocephalus persicus, Trapelus ruderatus ruderatus, Darevskia chlorogaster, Darevskia raddei raddei, Eremias strauchi strauchi, Iranolacerta brandtii brandtii ,Lacerta media media, lacerta strigata, Ablepharus bivittatus, Pseudopus apodus apodus. amony family of Lizard fauna recognized in the south of Ardabil province ,the largest family is lacertidae with 7 species and 4 genera. And Anguidae family with one species and one genus is the rarest lizard. Many species were collected and recorded for the first time from south of Ardabil Province.

Bovine pancreatic ribonuclease A is an endoribonuclease. This enzyme cut chemical phosphodiesteric bond in a single stranded RNA with two steps reaction. The first step of this enzymatic reaction is transphosphorylation and the second step is hydrolysis. Allopurinol is one the structural isomer of hypoxanthine (one of the natural purine) that inhibits xanthine oxidase so reduce production of uric acid and is one of the current drugs in gout treatment. This drug has a nucleotidic structure so may has an effect on the structure and activity of ribonuclease A. In attention to key role of RNase A in degradation of RAN for maintenance of cellular system equilibrium, it is necessary to investigate the effect of different biological molecules and drugs on the activity of RNase A. So in this project we investigated the effect of different concentration of allopurinol on the activity and structure of bovine pancreatic ribonuclease A. At first saturation curve of enzyme in the presence of cCMP is drawn. Then effect of allopurinol in the range of 0-1, 0-5 mM on the maximum rate of enzyme is investigated and saturation curve of enzyme in the presence of allopurinol is drawn. The results show that drug reduces activity of this enzyme in tested concentrations. Structural studies with ligand binding and CD prove the considerable change in enzyme. In general, we can say that allopurinol may inhibit activity of RNase A.