KARAGAH (THE DETECTIVE)
Year:2009 | Volume:2 | Issue:6|Papers Count:9

In this article, electrochemical methods for fingerprint observations are introduced. These methods are categorized to current control and potential control. The advantages of electrochemical method (including SECM & SKP) are high resolutions, the ability to observe fingerprints on occasions like: special surfaces (which is problematic in common methods), physical eliminations of fingerprints and on heated surfaces where organic species are evaporated.

A possible method to detect body fluids in forensic cases of sexual assault or abuse is by using forensic light sources, which emit certain wavelengths and excite body fluids to fluoresce. However, the success of the visualization of the fluorescence signal can be significantly reduced when unfavorable conditions-especially daylight - are present or used.We studied the detection of fresh semen (human, boar) and saliva (human) on different and colored types of fabric. The stained samples were stored for 3 and 5 weeks, respectively, and some were additionally washed with detergent at 30°C. The portable forensic light source poly light 500 which emits wavelengths from 320 nm (UV) to 700 nm (visible light, VIS) and colored goggles and filters were used. The very high intensity light source detected semen and saliva in darkness and daylight. No differences were found in samples stored 3 and 5 weeks, respectively. Best results for semen and saliva were obtained using wavelengths between 415-490 nm. For general search for body fluids, excitation of 350-500 nm is preferable. With appropriate goggles (orange (>500 nm) or red (>590)) semen could be detected in 100% and saliva in 60% of the cases. Washing the samples with detergent removed the biological stains in 75% of the cases. The darker the color, the more the fluorescence signal was absorbed. The type of the fabric had however no significant effect on detection of semen and saliva. The recognition rate of saliva was much better than reported for other light sources. An unexpected observation on the side was that the fluorescence signal of boar semen was clearly weaker than that of human semen, although the amount of sperm cells per ml is 50-150 million for humans and 25-300 million for boar.

Today, criminal cases are investigated by a workgroup of C.S.I experts and criminal investigators by using modern technologies and methods of identifying physical evidences. Therefore, progress management has a key role in investigations. In general, crime scene management can be divided to different sections: information management, human resource management, technology management and induction management. Controlling these sections guarantees the success of a criminal case.

The aim of this research was to introduce the role of DNA technology in scientific crime detection. To perform this research, the descriptive analysis was adopted by having three assumptions and four questions. Information gathering and literature review was done and all the DNA Typing cases between years 1381-1385 were collected. To analyze the statistical data, we used percentages and averages the research started in winter 1386 and finished in spring 1387.After examining all the biological samples three assumptions were eventually verified. The results revealed the fact that the correct collection method increases the efficiency of DNA tests. It was also revealed that blood, among other biological samples, can easily be observed

Photographs are, in fact, for better observation and a language which needs no translator and is capable of freezing the time. Photography, is one of the primary techniques in criminal investigations which helps investigators to prove a committed crime or prevent it. Observation of photos by experts, detective or judge is actually seeing the crime scene from different angles. The main objective of photography is to record a scene for further reconstructions and providing reliable evidences. As Wexler says: “crime scene photos is a permanent graphical representation of the crime scene depicting all that has been collected by the officers; and are useful for further examinations and also the courtroom”. In this article, the author uses a combinative approach to investigate the importance of photos in crime scene and its different aspect in prosecutions

Computers might be used in crimes. They may also contain some evidences which prove a crime or be used in committing crimes. Therefore, these electronic equipments include valuable evidences for crime detection. In this article it is attempted to realize the importance of dealing with these kind of evidences without any major damage to them and how to answer the law enforcement officers in this regard.

Recent progresses in science and technology has led to developing emerging methods in order to tackle crimes. Nanotechnology, because of its capabilities in fast and accurate detection, is a hope for us to prevent crimes more effectively in the near future. Exploiting this technology in fingerprinting leads to a new solution to the manifestation of latent fingerprints which would otherwise be hidden forever. In this article, it is attempted to review the studies performed by researchers in Sydney University (Australia), Kings College (London) and East Anguilla University and collect the results obtained by them in order to introduce the efficacy of this methods in battling crimes.

Many people die or disappear every year as a result of natural disasters like: earthquakes, flood, eruptions as well as disasters like: plane crashes, wars and so forth. Many of these victims cannot be easily identified due to the seriousness of the burnings or injuries. One of the exact identification methods is Genom STRs. After the Aseman Airline plane crash (on august 24, 2008) a team of C.S.I and lab experts were sent to the crime scene and after the samplings from the dead bodies and their relatives, their bodies were handed to the families.

Fingerprint reminder is the complex composition of various many materials and extracted sweat from glands remains at the surface of hands. Fingerprint powder, Ninhydrine, Iodine fuming and crystals, Silver nithrate, Syanoacrylate are current material for manifestation of latent fingerprint. This methods are high performance in common situation. latent fingerprint may be stamped in diverse surfaces such as: wet places, bloody places, waxes or fatty place, fine or hard wood, sophisticated or industrial, glazed surface, human skin, multi-color appearance surface, carton boxes and non attractive or porous surfaces. Suitable using of different technique in the several situation, position and surfaces resulted finding out of latent fingerprint and consequently, find the truth. In this article researches using of different methods and chemical material for appearance of latent fingerprint