Journal of Rescue and Relief
Year:2010 | Volume:2 | Issue:3|Papers Count:11

Background: Self-efficacy beliefs are the important psychological variables in individual and social life. It helps people to understand his power and capacity and to believe his competence and performance in effective dealing with challenges, needs and opportunities, and to control the events. This research aims to evaluate self-efficacy beliefs in psychological injury case.Methods: In this comparative and correlation research, it was used Bandura questionnaire and SCL -90 -R Dragotis questionnaire to evaluate self-efficacy beliefs and psychological injury respectively. By multistage random sampling method, about 350 of Bam high school male and female students were chosen during the academic year 2004-2005.Findings: There was a significant negative correlation between psychological injury and self-efficacy beliefs. Other findings were as follows: male and female did not differ in psychological injury; girls performed better than boys in individual and collective self-efficacy beliefs; and also there was a meaningful and direct relation between individual and collective self-efficacy beliefs. Conclusion: According to the results, there was a relation between psychological injury and self-efficacy beliefs; the more self-efficacy beliefs levels among high school children of Bam the less psychological injury are seen.

Background: It is necessary to consider and to analyze a set of key factors with effective performance due to review and decision-making about important and comprehensive issues such as earthquake which involves all aspects of the city. So, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) model was used in this study.Methods: This study analyzed the relationship between urban planning criteria and effective factors in earthquake vulnerability in Tehran district 4. To achieve this purpose, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) as the original model and GIS as overlapping layers were used in this study. Findings: In addition to the impact of physical and environmental factors, crisis management factors such as temporary housing and proximity to the fire stations have been effective in causing vulnerability of the city against earthquake. Additionally, social and economic factors had influence on the vulnerability of the city including net residential density, population density and access to urban infrastructures.Conclusion: According to this study, besides environmental (tectonic) or physical factors, other factors such as social and economic increased earthquake damage.

Background: It is important to attract and to maintain the relief, first-aid and rescue trainers as a useful source and capital in the society. Therefore, this paper aims to study trainers' problems in view of responsible persons for training in Red Crescent Society Branches of Tehran Province in 2007-2009.Methods: Regarding the goals and subject matter of this survey, it was used descriptive, cross sectional and also library resources and documentary research methods. By using a research-made questionnaire, all educational responsible persons of Red Crescent Society Branches of Tehran Province were selected in 2007-2009.Findings: According to the results, a significant number of trainers have expressed that there were some problems in the way of trainers evaluating. The educational responsible persons believed that branch educational problems are more than public problems in the center.Conclusion: Educational responsible persons are recommended to identify and to maintain the skilled and experienced trainers in branch based on their capabilities and quality of teaching.

Background: Job satisfaction in medical emergency technicians is vitally important regarding their working conditions and the necessity of accuracy and speed in saving lives. Managers' leadership styles are the most important factors which may be correlated with job satisfaction. This research aims to study the relationship between managers' leadership style (Transformational, Transactional and Laissez Fair Leadership) and job satisfaction of medical emergency technicians.Methods: In this research, all persons in emergency medical center of Isfahan city such as technicians, managers of different levels including bases supervisors, deputies, and also head of the center were studied. It was used Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) and Job Descriptive Index questionnaire (JDI) in order to assess leadership style and job satisfaction respectively. The relationship between leadership style and job satisfaction was surveyed by using Pearson correlation analysis.Findings: Based on the findings, there was a meaningful relationship between both transactional and transformational leadership styles with job satisfaction (P<0.01). There was no relation between laissez fair leadership style with job satisfaction.Conclusion: Research has shown that there is a significant relationship between leadership styles of managers and personnel job satisfaction increase. Based on the results, the transformational leadership style improves job satisfaction.

Background: Demographic data on crucial information regarding disaster management, particularly the Early Warning Systems are considered to be the basic requirements of disaster preparedness and mitigation measures. Population density information in developing countries is of critical importance but extremely scarce and mostly appears in the public. Demographic census information often lacks spatial or location coherence in smaller scales, in a way that is not beneficial and useable in processes such as vulnerability assessment relating to the geographical limitations. Since rural areas play an important and undeniable role in agriculture, economy and production as well as revitalization of vast areas in the country and since they are more vulnerable for cultural and underlying causes, they are the focus of attention in the planning system of the country. Taking into consideration the rural demographic information, including population density is very important in adopting mitigation and preparedness measures in the development of rural physical settlements, guidance plans and enhancement and retrofitting of rural texture. Population density can help in targeting mitigation and preparedness measures.Methods: In this research, statistical data of population census were used for determining rural districts with high population density. Raw population data were gathered and evaluated, furthermore needed information was extracted from evaluated data and processing by using GIS soft ware.Findings: Demographic distribution and density in the area of Chaharmahal va Bakhtiyari province has been investigated in this study. Population density map of rural districts has been provided and according to this, the rural population density was 25.61 persons in 1 km2 and it was allocated eighth position in the ranking of Iranian provinces.Conclusion: The villages of this Province have been prioritized in terms of population density into 5 groups, in order to implement rural housing retrofitting plans and large scale disaster management programs, especially mitigation, aiming at reducing human causalities in a significant manner.

Background: Mankind always has faced with different levels of crises during his lifetime. Bam earthquake has been one of the recent natural disasters in Iran. This research aims to study and to compare the news release of Hamshahri & Etela'at Newspapers on Bam earthquake; their similarities, conflicts and potential differences in printing information.Method: By using content analysis method, all related subjects were studied by classifying and perfect coding with full counting statistics (in a three-month period after Bam earthquake) in the above-mentioned newspapers.Findings: According to the results, Hamshahri and Etela'at newspapers assigned 815 and 486 articles respectively in the mentioned period. Etela'at newspaper published more about earthquake news and Hamshahri conveyed illustrative materials and also other subjects.Conclusion: The result showed that the maximum coverage priorities of earthquake news have been about two months by mass media.

Background: Ilam was considered as a disaster-prone province of the country. Therefore, this research aimed to study people's attitude towards current disasters. Methods: This applicable and descriptive research was surveyed young people of Ilam province age 15-29 (N=209893). About 360 persons were selected by stratified sampling from various townships. Using researcher-made questionnaire, the research validity and reliability were confirmed by Cronbach's Alpha coefficient 0.80%.Findings: Programs and services of Red Crescent society weren't successful in responders' attitude improvement. So, the programs should be reviewed and revised.Conclusion: In order to increase and improve people's attitude some practical solutions should be submitted.