JOURNAL OF ZABOL UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES AND HEALTH SERVICES (JOURNAL OF ROSTAMINEH)
Year:2014 | Volume:6 | Issue:2|Papers Count:7

Introduction: Calpain-10 (CAPN10) encodes an intracellular calcium-dependent protease. Physiological studies suggest that variations in CAPN10 activity affect insulin secretion, and therefore, susceptibility to type 2 diabetes (T2D). In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between SNP-43 genotypes of CAPN10 and T2D.Methods: A total of 173 diabetic subjects and 173 non-diabetic controls were enrolled in this case-control study in the city of Ilam. The SNP-43 genotypes of CAPN10 were determined in all individuals, using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. We used c2 test and logistic regression to analyze the data.Results: Genotype distributions of SNP-43 of CAPN10 gene for GG, AG, and AA genotypes were 138 (89.8%), 31 (17.9%), and 4 (2.3%) in the control group and 119 (70.3%), 45 (26%), and 9 (5.2%) in the diabetic group, respectively.Conclusion: The results showed that SNP-43 of CAPN10 is not an important risk factor for T2D in Kurdish ethnic group of Ilam.

Background: Considering the widespread dissemination of antibiotic resistance among human pathogenic bacteria, the search for new antimicrobial agents should be accelerated. In this study, we aimed to assess the antibacterial activities of ethanolic extract of Myrtus communis (myrtle) leaves against multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli (abbreviated as E. coli) strains isolated from urinary tract infections.Methods: M. communis extracts were obtained using rotary evaporator. In total, 30 strains of E. coli, isolated from urinary tract infections, were analyzed at Zabol Hospital, Iran. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimal Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of plant extracts, at different concentrations, were determined using broth microdilution method. Susceptibility of the strains to antibiotics was determined using standard Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method.Results: The results indicated that E. coli isolates were resistant to agents including ceftazidime (26.6%) cefixime (40%), tetracycline (63.3%), and erythromycin (56.6%). The highest MIC value was observed in the ethanolic extract of M. communis in 10 mg/ml concentration, with inhibition of 24 E coli. strains.Conclusion: The results showed the inhibitory activity of M. communis extract against multidrug-resistant E. coli strains. Our study confirms the use of this essential oil as an antibacterial agent; however, further research is required before its therapeutic application.

Introduction: Experts in organizational change management consider empowerment of human resources as an effective strategy for the improvement of staff performance. This study aimed to compare the cognitive empowerment level of medical staff, administrative staff, and service workers at Khatam-Al-Anbia Hospital in Zahedan city.Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 271 employees at Khatam Hospital in 2012 and 2013. Data were collected using Mishra & Spreitzer standard questionnaire, which included five sections: sense of competence, impact, meaning, self-determination, and trust. This questionnaire has been previously used in Iran and its reliability and validity have been confirmed. Statistical analyses were performed by t-test and one-way ANOVA, using SPSS version 18.Results: We observed relatively high cognitive empowerment in employees (74.87±18.97), particularly among the administrative staff (76.44±17.45). There was no statistically significant difference among the three job categories with regard to cognitive empowerment score.Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the components of employee empowerment are at an acceptable level in Khatam-Al-Anbia Hospital. Therefore, authorities, when assigning responsibilities to their staff, should pay particular attention to their skills and create an environment to profit from the high level of employee empowerment.

Introduction: Immunization is one of the most important and cost-effective measures for the prevention of morbidity and mortality. Therefore, this study was designed and implemented to determine vaccination coverage of mothers and the causes of its cessation or delay in Zabol University of Medical Sciences in 2009.Methods: In this analytical cross-sectional study, the study population consisted of all mothers of 15- to 26-month-old children in urban and rural areas, under the coverage of Zabol University of Medical Sciences during the study period. Finally, 630 mothers in 90 clusters of 7 participants were selected, using systematic cluster sampling method. Then, mothers were evaluated through interviews and review of mothers’ vaccination cards. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, analytical statistics, and Chi-square test.Results: According to the results of this study, in a total number of 630 mothers under evaluation, 494 (78.4%) and 128 (21.6%) individuals had complete and defective/unsafe vaccination, respectively. The major causes of cessation or delay in immunization among mothers were related to lack of knowledge about the necessity of subsequent vaccination (66.4%) and unawareness about the need for vaccination (21.5 %); also, delayed vaccination was associated with lack of motivation (4.7 %).Conclusion: Considering the causes of vaccination delay or cessation, the need for immunization training and providing facilities for mothers is strongly felt.

Introduction: For every healthcare system, provision and distribution of economic resources are among the most important issues. Development and economic growth of every country are dependent upon proper budgeting. Considering the role of budgeting in executive systems, especially in healthcare systems, budget system reforms can contribute to the improvement of a country's economy. One of the recent reforms in budgeting systems is the move towards "operational budgeting" which emphasizes on the assessment of government performance. However, evidence suggests that governments have faced challenges in the implementation of this budgeting system. This study aimed to identify and prioritize constraints and barriers which are affecting the implementation of operational budgeting in executive organizations of Sistan and Baluchestan province and provide solutions to remove these barriers. According to the existing literature and expert opinion, the barriers were classified into three categories: environmental factors, technical factors, and human factors.Methods: In this study, the sample included financial managers and government auditors of 28 operating systems in Sistan and Baluchestan province; these organizations (also known as the executive bodies of the province) received funds from the council of state development planning. Firstly, data were collected from library documents; this study attempted to gather expert opinion, as well. The data were collected via questionnaires, completed by 140 participants including financial managers, budget managers, financial controllers, financial analysts, and government auditors of executive bodies. For data analysis, Pearson’s correlation test, independent sample t-test, and one-way ANOVA were performed, using SPSS version 17. P-value£0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Mean and standard deviation (SD) of the total score of operational budgeting in the studied organizations were calculated as 158.28+14.38 in a total of 215 credits. The mean and SD for environmental, technical, and human factors were calculated as 51.15+5.50 out of 70 credits, 64.95+6.05 out of 90 credits, and 42.18+5.93 out of 55 credits, respectively. There was a significant relationship between operational budgeting challenges and each of the environmental, technical, and human factors (p£0.05).Conclusion: As the results indicated, environmental, technical, and human factors are obstacles to effective implementation of operational budgeting. In the ranking of these barriers, Friedman test showed that human factors play a more important role, compared to other factors. Therefore, employing efficient personnel with proper work background, education level, study major, experience, and expertise in budgeting and using expert consultants and workshops are essential for promoting operational budgeting.

Introduction: The need for privacy is an essential human right. The aim of all previous studies on patient privacy was to improve healthcare standards. This study explored patients' views about personal privacy during nursing care.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on patients referring to Persian Gulf Martyrs Hospital in Bushehr, Iran. Overall, 384 patients were randomly selected. Data were collected using a standard questionnaire; the reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient (alpha coefficient=0.78). For data analysis, t-test, ANOVA, and chi-square test were performed, using SPSS version 18. The significance level was considered to be 0.05.Results: There was no statistical difference between the average score of patients' views and respect for privacy in personal space component (p>0.05). However, in private realm component, a significant difference was observed (p<0.05). As the results indicated, in patients' opinion, respect for private realm and space was at a moderate level at the hospital. Also, patients' views were significantly associated with the level of education and place of residence.Conclusion: Since in patients' view, privacy is only moderately respected in hospital environments, more attention needs to be paid to patient privacy in order to enhance the quality of care and gain patients' trust.

Introduction: Dye compounds are discharged into environment through wastewater produced during various industrial operations and procedures of production and consumption. Given their carcinogenic characteristics, dyes are threats to the environment. Oxidation by hydrogen peroxide and ultraviolet radiation (UV/H2O2) has been reported in various studies for degradation of dyes. In this study, we aimed to optimize direct blue 71 (DB71) removal by UV/H2O2 process, using response surface methodology.Methods: Based on an experimental study, performed by D-optimal method, effects of independent variables including pH, hydrogen peroxide concentration, and exposure time on dye removal efficiency were studied (a total of 25 treatments). Optimization of conditions and the analysis of the proposed model were performed using response surface methodology and ANOVA test, respectively.Results: The proposed model for dye removal was statistically significant at a confidence level of 95%. Poor model fit was insignificant at a confidence level of 95%. Dye removal efficiency was dependent on H2O2 concentration and radiation time. The process was not pH dependent and removal efficiency of DB71 at optimal conditions (220 mg/L hydrogen peroxide and irradiation time of 16 min) was 99.2%.Conclusion: Photochemical oxidation with hydrogen peroxide is an effective method for the from aqueous solutions. Experimental design with D-optimal method can removal of DB71 be used to optimize the process, reduce the number of experimental tests, and provide the best conditions for dye removal.