NEW CELLULAR & MOLECULAR BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
Year:2018 | Volume:8 | Issue:32 |Papers Count:11

Stem cells have high potential for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications due to their self-renewal and differentiation ability. The two main objectives pursued in culturing these types of cells are their proliferation in a culture medium by preservation of self-renewal capacity, as well as differentiation to the desired cell line. Thus in this case, controlling the fate of SCs is a crucial issue. Traditionally, culturing of these cells was carried out in two-dimensional culture media with biochemical factors, but with the growth and development of biological knowledge and cell niche recognition, it was found that biochemical factors are not the only factor involved in cellular fate. With extensive research in this field, it was concluded that, along with biochemical signals, controlling biophysical signals by mechanical, geometrical and electrical cues is necessary to mimic the native cell niche to achieve a specific target. The goal of stem cell engineering is to synthesis a biomaterial that can apply all these conditions to tune the microenvironmental aspects for stem cells.

Aim and BacKground: Mycoplasma gallisepticum is the most economically significant mycoplasma pathogen of poultry, and has a world-wide distribution. Infection with M. gallisepticum has a wide variety of clinical manifestations, but even in the absence of overt clinical signs, the economic impact may be significant. Materials and methods: Blood and swab samples were collected from 145 birds in sterile condition and transferred to lab with ice. Rapid Agglutination test was performed on blood samples and PCR assay targeting 16S rRNA was done on swab samples following DNA extraction. Results: Based on Rapid Serum Agglutination Test on 145 samples, 24/8% of rural domestic poultry were positive and PCR using 16S rRNA gene primers denoted that 63/4%of samples are positive. Conclusion: Reliable methods for the discrimination of MG strains play an essential role in understanding the epidemiology and spread of the disease because they generate the information required for recognising and following new outbreaks. Genotyping methods also have a high degree of reproducibility, which is particularly important for the construction of reliable databases. Furthermore, genotyping methods are easy to interpret and can be performed rapidly.

Aim and BacKground: Mycoplasma gallisepticum is the most economically significant mycoplasma pathogen of poultry, and has a world-wide distribution. Infection with M. gallisepticum has a wide variety of clinical manifestations, but even in the absence of overt clinical signs, the economic impact may be significant. Materials and methods: Blood and swab samples were collected from 145 birds in sterile condition and transferred to lab with ice. Rapid Agglutination test was performed on blood samples and PCR assay targeting 16S rRNA was done on swab samples following DNA extraction. Results: Based on Rapid Serum Agglutination Test on 145 samples, 24/8% of rural domestic poultry were positive and PCR using 16S rRNA gene primers denoted that 63/4%of samples are positive. Conclusion: Reliable methods for the discrimination of MG strains play an essential role in understanding the epidemiology and spread of the disease because they generate the information required for recognising and following new outbreaks. Genotyping methods also have a high degree of reproducibility, which is particularly important for the construction of reliable databases. Furthermore, genotyping methods are easy to interpret and can be performed rapidly.

Aim and Background: Prostate cancer is the second common malignancy in the male population. In this study, the effect of Spirulina alga extract on DU145 prostate cancer cell line have been studied and the changes in OCT4 gene expressionin this cell line was evaluated. Material & methods: The extract of spirulina algae was affected on the DU-145(prostate cancer cell line), and the rate of attenuation of the cells were evaluated by MTT and the expression of OCT4 were evaluated using Real Time PCR. The data was analyzed by SPSS. Results: The results showed that this extract could reduce significantly cell proliferation after 48 hours and significantly decrease oct4 expression. These changes increase with increasing concentrations and exposure time. The highest expression loss was observed at 800 μ m of extract in 72 hours after treatment. Conclusion: it can be concluded that the Spirulina extract, by acting on the main genes of the self-renewal pathway and reducing its expression, helps to reduce the amount of cell division, and this decrease leads to avoid the development of cancerous tissue.

Aim and Background-Riboflavin or vitamin B2 is essential for body and has the significant role in the macromolecules metabolism. Human can not to synthesize vitamin B2 and must be acquire it from food-diet. Riboflavin biosynthetic pathway have been studied in Bacteria. The aim of this study was to isolation and identification of Bacillus subtilis as, riboflavin producing bacteria from different soil of Iran. Materials and Methods-Soil samples from different areas of Iran was collected and was purplated. Then was prepared pure isolated of bacteria and was identified by biochemical and morphological tests. DNA was extracted from isolated of B. subtilis, and using PCR for detection of ribC gene. Results-Biochemical tests and PCR results showed, from 100 soil samples, 19 B. subtilis was isolated that was contained ribC gene and could growth in riboflavin-free medium. Conclusion-B. subtilis was isolated easy from the soil and ribC gene can coded riboflavin in B. subtilis. Riboflavin in B. subtilis was biosynthesed by regulatory region in the up-strand of ribC gene operon, therefore can be produced economic riboflavin from this bacterium that is appropriate for environmental.

im and Background: Anaplastic thyroid cancer, including the most dangerous type of thyroid cancer. and as the most modern cancer treatments are ineffective with side effects, it seems essential to find impressive alternatives treatment. Lavender plant with the scientific name Lavandulla anguostifouliyaof familyLamiaceae, is a Perennial plant that has high nutritional and medicinal value. Therefore, the cytotoxic effect of ethanolic extract of Lavender plant on 8305C cell lines was evaluated. Materials and methods: In this study, for the first time, the cytotoxic effect of ethanolic extract of Aerial organsLavender plant on 8305c cell lines was evaluated. The Lavender plant in April 2016 of sehezare Tonekabon were collected andstudied; Then the antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH0 Assay. 8305C cell line was cultured in DMEM with 10% fetal bovine serum. Different concentrations of ethanolic extract of Lavender plant (5, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 mg/ml) for 24, 48 and 72 hours were applied on cancer cells 8305C. Then, the viability of cells using MTT assay was considered. Results: In this study, the free radical scavenging DPPH0 equals to 6/27mg/ml was calculated. The results of MTT assay showed that the ethanolic extract of Lavender plant has a cytotoxic effect on the 8305C cell line which is dependent to their doses. Also IC50 of the extract concentration for 8305C cells was obtained to be 5 mg/ml in time 48 hours. Conclusion: The ethanolic extract of Lavender plant which is dose-dependent could destroy the cancer cells and showed cytotoxic properties. Thus, this plant can be used as a medicinal plant against anaplastic thyroid cancer in wider scope.

Aim and background: several factors as genetic (like mutations and polymorphisms) and environment are involved in the pathogenesis of migraine. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between rs1801131 and rs4846049 polymorphisms in MTHFR gene and migraine in the sample of the Iranian population. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study including 148 patients and 147 healthy controls, DNA extraction from peripheral blood and then Genotyping for rs1801131 and rs4846049 were performed by PCR-RFLP and Tetra ARMS-PCR respectively. Results: Significant differences in distribution of rs4846049 genotypes were found in migraine patients in comparison with controls, with P value of 0. 04 and odds ratio equal to 0. 57 (95% CI: 0. 34-0. 96). Conclusion: These results indicate that rs4846049 polymorphism is associated with migraine in the studied Iranian population.

Aim and Background: Prostate cancer is the second common malignancy in men. In this study, the effect of Kombucha extract on DU145 prostate cancer cell line viability and expression of Survivine gene expression in cancer cells have been investigated Material and methods: Cell line was affected by extract of Kombucha and the amount of cell death through MTT and expression of Survivine gene expression by Real Time PCR were evaluated. Results: The results showed that the cells treated with this extract significant had reduction in the number of cells after 48 hours and also had a decreasing effect on the expression of Survivine gene. These effects were dependent on the time and concentration of the treatment. The highest expression loss was observed at 75% concentration of extract in 72 hours after treatment. Conclusion Kombucha extract, by affecting the main genes in the pathway of apoptosis, reduces the amount of cell division, and this decrease leads to inhibit development of cancerous tissue.