WOMAN & STUDY OF FAMILY
Year:2012 | Volume:4 | Issue:16|Papers Count:9

This paper discusses the loyalty of spouses within the framework of Islamic. First, the issue will be investigated through semantic approach. Then, based on Quran, the strength of marriage and living on the basis of God`s will be discussed as the spouses' loyalty measures. By taking care of these measures and looking at loyalty as a way of protecting the faith, the loyalty spirit will be found in all the aspects of mutual life. Staying loyal to the spouse will be reflected in many aspects of life and has an important role in the physical and mental health of the family. Based on Quran, there is no permit for disloyalty in the marriage commitments and duties.

This paper aims to investigate the relationship between the managerial roles of women and their abilities and skills. The population consisted of 84 female high school managers of the city of Zanjan, so due to limited population we avoided sampling and all individuals were studied. From the viewpoint of objective, the research is of applied type, and from the viewpoint of procedure, it is a correlational survey. Three standard questionnaires were used to collect data. The reliability of the questionnaires using Cronbach's alpha was reported 0.88, 0.86, and 0.82 for skills, abilities, and roles, respectively. The face validity and content validity of the questionnaires were based on experts' opinions. The results indicate that human skills, technical communication and intellectual-scientific abilities have a greater share in the explanation of women's in managerial roles.

The purpose of this research was to study the relationship of power structure in the family with the self-concept and mental health of female elementary teacher in the city of Darab. The research is of descriptive and correlational type. The statistical population included all married female teacher of primary school in Darab during the academic year 2010-2011, and the sample size consisted of 150 married female teachers of Darab primary schools, who were selected by random cluster sampling technique. The measurement tools are three Questionnaires: 1) the questionnaire of power structure in the family with b3 items; 2) the questionnaire of self-concept with 48 items; and 3) the questionnaire of mental health with 28 items. The data were analyzed through the use of descriptive and inferential statistics. On the descriptive statistical level frequency, mean, and standard deviation were used, and on the inferential level, Pearson correlation coefficient and multi-variate regression were used. The results showed that there is a significant positive relationship between power structure in the family and self-concept at the significance level of p£0.01, and r=0.265. Also, there is a significant negative relationship between power structure in the family and women's mental health at the significance level of p<0, and r=-0.328. Moreover, other components of power structure in the family (area of husband and wife's power, power relations in the family) can predict mental health and self-concept.

The present study aims at investigating the role of cultural factors in the tendency of women to behavioral disorders in the prison of Tabriz in 1388. In this study the following theories have been used: social learning control, Gabriel Tard's imitation theory, Merton’s social construct of Anomi, Differential companionship, Differential bond, Cohen's subculture and social non organization. The method of this study is comparative survey. The participants of the study are 50 women in the prison of Tabriz and 50 normal women in the city and out of prison; random sampling was used in choosing the participants. The validity of this study is content validity. The reliability was estimated by Cronbach's alpha, which is more than 0.7 for all of the variables. The obtained results from dependant t-test and Chi-square test revealed that: There is a difference in educational background, media programs and the amount of using mass media between the women in the prison and normal women in the city. But there is no difference between the way women spend their free time whether in the prison or in the city. Generally , it can be concluded that among the most effective cultural factors, low education, not using instructional programs and on the whole the low amount of mass media programs are significant in the tendency of women to behavioral disorders.

The concept of attachment styles lies in the individuals' communication infrastructure, and the type of attachment style is a predictor of future interactions. This study compared the secure avoidant and ambivalent attachment styles among the students of normal families and family-like centers in Urmia. This study was a quasi-experimental research. The population consisted of all male and female high school students and family-like centers of Urmia during 2012. Through cluster sampling, 180 students of normal families and 180 high school students of family-like centers were matched. The data were collected through the use of Collins & Raid (RAAS) attachment questionnaire. The statistical t-test and two-way ANOVA were used for data analysis. Results showed that students from family-like center had lower secure attachment scores and higher centers, girls showed avoidant attachment style and boys showed ambivalence attachment style (p<0.05).

The goal of the present research is to devise a model for specifying the role of spiritual correspondence and compensation process in the formation of identity. 810 students were selected by multistage sampling method from the universities in Tehran and completed Childhood Attachment, Increase of Religious Values, Attachment to God, and Ego Identity Status scales. The data were analyzed by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. The resulting model showed that secure attachment to God mediated the relationship between secure to parent achieved identity; also, avoidance attachment mediated the insecure to parent and moratorium and diffusion identity status. Furthermore, ambivalence attachment to God mediated the relationship between insecure to parent and foreclosure identity status. There fore, parental attachment does not have a significant direct effect on identity status and attachment to God mediates the relationships. But the model showed that the increase of insecure individual religious values by secure attachment to God is indirectly associated with achievement identity. However, association between parental attachment and attachment to God confirms the correspondence and compensation (increase of insecure individual religious values) hypothesis. There fore, the dimensions of secure attachment to God (correspondence and compensation process), namely Haven of Safety and Secure Base facilitate the process of exploration, resolving the exploration crisis, development of commitment, and formation of achieved identity.

The aim of this research was to compare the mental health of the dormitory and non-dormitory students of Shahid Madani University of Azerbaijan. The study was a descriptive and Expost Facto one. The statistical population of the study included all the students of the mentioned niversity (N=3579). The subjects were selected by stratified random sampling according to Krijsi and Morgan table (n=346). The Goldberg (1972) general mental health questionnaire (GHQ28) was used. The gathered data were analyzed by SPSS16, with t students, T2 Hetling. The results indicated that there was not a significant difference in the mental health of dormitory and non-dormitory students and among the students of different faculties, or between married and unmarried students. However, there was a significant difference between the mental health of male and female students at the significance level of p£0.01.

The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of brief relaxation therapy adapted and designed from previous relaxation techniques on reducing depression symptoms of mentally retarded children’s mothers with different demographic characteristics. The study was quasi-experimental research with two heterogeneous groups design with pretest and posttest in which, first, 23 mothers, who are regularly able to participle in relaxation exercises, were selected as the experimental group and then, 25 mothers were chosen as the control group by matching with the experimental group. The group exercises of relaxation training have been conducted three days a week for two months with the presence of the experimental group and information about research variables were obtained by demographic questionnaire and Beck Depression Inventory-II in two stages of pretest and posttest of both groups. The data were analyzed with two-way covariance analysis. According to the results, continuous relaxation training was significant in reducing the depression of the experimental group and this effect had occurred the same for mothers with various severity of mental retardation child, for mothers with different literacy level, with different economic levels, and different location. But, it had a different impact on mothers at different age levels; that is, mothers older than 35 years had a greater reduction in depression than younger mothers (P<0.001). The study indicated that designed relaxation technique has a good performance in reducing depression symptoms of people with different characteristics.