WOMAN & STUDY OF FAMILY
Year:2012 | Volume:4 | Issue:15|Papers Count:8

The marriage portion plays a key role in the marriage. According to the sacred orders of Islamic religious law, the marriage portion is a nominal gift which is given to the bride by the groom and can guarantee the permanence of the marital bind between the two. But unfortunately, nowadays, its legal claim on the part of the females has led to several social problems. The purpose of this study is to investigate the social conditions and factors impacting the claim on the marriage portion by the newly-married females of Shahrekord city in 2010. The present research is a descriptive-analytic survey. The population includes all the newly-married females who have claimed their marriage portion in the court. The population was 90 sets including 2293 females. The sample, according to Cochran formula, was estimated 328 individuals, which was increased to 337. All the statistical units were selected as available. All the data were collected through two questionnaires, a researcher-made questionnaire and Alport standard questionnaire of religious siding, and finally the data were analyzed using the SPSS software version 19 and linear regression tests, lateral variance analysis, and t of independent groups. The validity of the tools was confirmed by content validity and the reliability was measured through Cronbach coefficient which was higher than 0.7 in all dimensions. The results showed that the socio-economical status was very high (9.8% very low, 19.6% low, 32.9% near average, 17.5 average, 8% high, and 5.9% very high). Also, the economical status of their families was lower than average; the understanding between the couple was 3.6% low, 38.6% average, 34.7% high and 23.1% very high. The materialistic motives of the respondents in marriage was higher than average. There had been 14.8% divorces in the natal family, the high percentage of which was mostly on the part of sisters of the respondents. There had been 30.3% history of addiction in the natal family, the high percentage of which was on the part of the brothers, and 12.5% history of penitentiary, the high percentage of which was on the part their brothers. The family conflict of the respondents was lower than average. Religious siding of the respondents was 34.1% external and 65.9% internal. The tendency to claim their marriage portion was 3.95% low, 32.3% average and 63.8% high. The results of the hypotheses suggest that: age, the amount portion, and religious siding were insignificant in the females' claiming the marriage portion. But the educational degree, the socio-economical status, the dating period, family conflicts, the scale of understanding, the materialistic motives, and the religious beliefs have significantly influenced the females' claiming the marriage portion.

The purpose of the present research was to compare motivational beliefs, self- regulating strategies and personality characteristics and their predictive role in the academic performance of gifted and normal students.130 subjects (60 gifted and 70 normal students) participated in this study. The normal group was selected randomly from among girl students of Torbate-heydariyeh ordinary high schools. All participants were asked to complete the NEO scale and MSLQ questionnaire. The analysis of data revealed that regarding the personality factors and self-regulating strategies (cognitive and meta-cognitive strategies), there is a significant difference between gifted and normal students. Between the two groups‚ there is no significant difference in motivational beliefs. The regression analysis showed that extraversion, conscientiousness, openness, cognitive strategies and internal values can predict academic performance in all students, but when the relationships were analyzed separately, the results showed that exam anxiety solely predicts academic performance in normal students, and self regulating strategies solely predict academic performance in gifted students.

The present study aims to analyze the relationship between family flexibility and identity styles with the mediating role of critical thinking dispositions in adolescent girls. A sample of 306 girl students was chosen by Multi-stage cluster sampling method from among girl students of Kazerun high schools. The instruments used in this study are Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory (CTDI, Ricketts, 2003), Berzonsky Identity Styles Questionnaire (1989), and Shakeri Positive Flexibility (1382). The results of path analysis showed that family flexibility directly and indirectly affects critical thinking disposition and identity styles. Also, critical thinking disposition has a direct effect on the identity styles.

Intellectual and emotional capabilities of Iranian people, such as religion, wisdom, thought, traditions, and a great wealth of other moral and national qualities which have been shaped in specific forms, like cultural proverbs, riddles, stories, and national songs are considered so important by Iranians and are reflected in their identity and self- consciousness as well as their scientific and educational knowledge. Based on this fact, the present article has been prepared in order to introduce and study one of the most important and best supports for the development and provision of mental health of children in contemporary Iran. Also, it examines the psychological aspects of traditional patterns of child training (rearing) in Iranian families. The present article is qualitative and through content analysis and the use of interpretive approach, which is one of the essential criteria in analyzing qualitative data analysis from the viewpoint of Miles and Huberman, deals with the educational and psychological concepts of lullabies, proverbs, riddles and stories existing in the text books which are related to the folk culture of the people in different parts of Iran. Given the extent of the study, about 37 references and reliable books written in Persian speaking areas as well as Azerbaijan have been selected as samples, the main themes and concepts of which are considered in child training. The result of the present research shows that in the past years families, especially mothers in Iran used sound training methods for the growth of their children such as stories, lullabies, riddles & proverbs in accordance with national and spiritual values that contain scientific nature and psychological themes and have a great role in general health and correct social training of children.

About half of women experience domestic violence in their life time. More than one third of women attending health care centers to get care for violence are pregnant, which can cause serious complications for mothers and their infants. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of domestic violence during pregnancy, its relationship with some demographic characteristics and its effects on pregnancy outcomes among the mothers attending the health care centers. In this descriptive study women who attended health centers were interviewed to complete a questionnaire. The sample size was 824. 36.3% of the participants had experienced at least one of domestic violence dimensions in their last pregnancy. Physical violence had the lowest and emotional violence had the highest rate among the reported dimensions. Age, number of children, education level, family income and unwanted pregnancy were related to the experience of domestic violence. Experiencing violence affected the kind of delivery, receiving prenatal care and hospitalization during pregnancy. The incidence of domestic violence was relatively high in this study. One of the most important results of violence can be the increasing rate of mothers’ hospitalization and cesarean section. According to the goals of WHO regarding the health of all mothers and infants, policy makers in heath strategies should take responsibility in screening domestic violence and supporting mothers against it.

This research was based on survey and the required information was collected by a researcher- made closed questionnaire. Sampling was done by probable classified cluster sampling technique according to the population of the city of Shoushtar. From among the regions, a number of regions were randomly selected, and from each region, too, a number of blocks were randomly chosen. Then, the subjects were selected by systematic random sampling and by taking regular intervals into account (every five units) to fill out the questionnaires. Line table was used to select a sample size out of the population, according to which 453 people responded to the questionnaire. In this study, nine hypotheses were put to test, and the data were analyzed through the use of Spss software, two-variable, and multi-variate regression. The results indicated that there is a significant relationship between the independent variables of job satisfaction and extraversion with marital unadjustment (dependent variable). Also, there is a significant inverse correlation between the dependent variable and other variables such as the rate of modernity, democratic way of socialization, fatalism, universalism, religious beliefs, and psychological well-being. Finally, some guidelines have been suggested to reduce this social trauma in the city of Shoushtar.

With regard to the role of domestic, social and economic factors in forming individual behavior and the role of religion in confronting problems and crises, this research has been done to anticipate dangerous behaviors based on religious orientation and contrastive styles in high school girl-students in Marand city. The statistical population of this research includes all the high school girl-students in Marand (N=246), 150 of whom were selected as research sample by stratified random sampling. The methodology of this research is descriptive-correlation. To gather data, dangerous behaviors (YRBSS), contrastive styles (CISS) and religious orientation questionnaires were used, the reliability of which were estimated 0.85, 0.92, and 0.73, respectively. The data were analyzed by using Pearson correlation coefficient, regression and one-way analysis of variance. The results of this research showed that there is weak and inverse correlation between problem-based contrastive styles and dangerous behaviors in students. Also, there is a significant positive relationship between excitement-based and avoidance-based contrastive styles with dangerous behaviors in students, and a significant inverse correlation between internal religious orientations with dangerous behaviors in students. In addition, there is a significant weak direct correlation between external religious orientations with dangerous behaviors in students. Also, the results showed that each of the three contrastive styles with stress and two methods of religious orientations as independent variables determine 53 percent of dangerous behaviors variance. Futhermore, the effect of independent variables of excitement-based contrastive style, internal religious orientation, avoidance-based contrastive style, problem-based contrastive style and external religious orientation is significant.

This study investigated the impact of monotheistic integration therapy on changing the coping responses. The statical population includes the students of Islamic Azad University, Shabestar Branch. This research is quasi-experimental that consists of a sample of 30 female students. The students have been studied in two experimental and control groups (each 15 persons). In this research, coping responses questionnaire (CRI) and organizational anxiety questionnaire (SAS) were used. Covariance analysis Test was applied to analyze the data. The results showed monotheistic integration therapy impact on changing behavioral, cognitive and avoidance coping responses as well as on changing emotion oriented and problem oriented coping responses of female students. This change is significant. It can be concluded that monotheistic integration therapy can be used to improve coping responses to decrease stress in counseling centers.