Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development
Year:2010 | Volume:18 | Issue:1 (69)|Papers Count:9

In this Paper With time series data of 1988-2002, AIDS–ECM was estimated for different meat in Iran. Results showed that elasticities in long run are less than short run. Income elasticity showed that in long and short run, chicken meat and in short run fish meat are necessary commodities. So, effects of imposing policy was seen in short run immediatly. According to these results, we must consider two item in implementing of pricing policy for preventing of shock in meat market and house hold’s feed pascket: pricing and targeting of subsidy.

The main objective of this study is to analyze comparative advantage and protection indices for selected crops over 2003-2004. For this purpose Domestic Resource Cost Index and Policy Analysis Matrix have been used. The results indicated that Iran has comparative advantage in Rainfed Wheat, Rainfed Barley, Irrigated Maize, Irrigated and Rainfed ChickPeas, Irrigated Onion and Irrigated Potato production. On the contrary, results showed that Iran hasn’t had comparative advantage in other production. Results also revealed that the private values of all farming crops (with the exception of paddies) are less than their social values. Findings told that government policies have imposed some taxes on producers. But about all of farming crops in this paper, farmers has been protected in tradable inputs. At last, the effective protection coefficients, generally indicated an effective protection on wheat, barley and paddies.

Improving infrastructural and marketing facilities can contribute to export improvements in agricultural sector through a gteaterr utilization of natural resources along with the traditional factors such as physical capital, human capital, and technology. In this paper the impact of developing an export terminal in Kurdistan province has been investigated and its effect on increasing comparative advantage of producing strawberry and increasing farmer's income has been evaluated. The Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) has also been used to investigate four different strategies of the government policies towards the agricultural sector in the province. Findings of this research indicate that development of an export terminal can be expected to have a positive and significant effect on the economy of Kurdistan Province, especially on the comparative advantage of producing strawberry and increasing farmer's income, and is highly recommended.

Risk has been recognized as potentially important in determining agricultural supply. However, supply response models have either incorporated risk. A rational expectations supply response model incorporating price risk for cotton in Khorasan province has been developed (during 1986-2006). Expected prices are obtained by fitting autoregressive models, and then the results were estimated in an equations system. Results show that variation in price risk has negative effect on annual variation of cotton acreage in Khorasan. This means that when price risk increases, supply of farmers decreases, or cotton farmers in Khorasan show rational behavior.

The aim of this study is specification determination of agricultural futures contracts in Iran with high probability of success after establishment. We examined specifications for the margin requirements, daily price movement limits, length of expiration intervals, tick sizes and contract size of saffron, pistachios and rice as potential futures contracts in Iran. A new Value at Risk (VaR) optimization model using a nonparametric sampling approach is used to determine the daily margin requirements and daily price movement limits. Expiration intervals are determined by the simulated daily futures price with the minimum volatility. The daily risk free interest rate and the minimum daily average trading value of a participant in the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) are used as benchmarks to determine the minimum tick size and contract size for each commodity. These contract specifications are initial suggested amounts for setting up an agricultural futures market in Iran.

Agricultural price policies affect on product stimulation and return of agricultural sector. Among crop production in IRAN, cotton production rank sixth crop base on area cultivation. Agricultural price policies for cotton production implement after Islamic revolution victory. This government intervention affects on price formation and relation between world and domestic price of cotton and cause the protection or tax on cotton producers. In this study relation between domestic price of cotton and world price was investigate by econometrics method. The impact of the policies on producer price distortion computed by nominal rate of protection. The result indicate that there is a positive and longrun relation between FOB and world price of cotton. Also there is no relation found between domestic and world price. During in this study, direct nominal protection rate is positive, and indirect nominal protection rate is negetive, total nominal protection rate is positive in many years and negetive in others.

The objective of this study is ranking goals of stockmen in Tonekabon’s jungle using fuzzy pair-wise comparison and simple ranking methods. A random sample of 63 stockmen at the five villages was selected for interview and collected necessary farm level data. Result showed that except for a group of stockmen, the two methods provide similar goal ranking. The most important goal was risk or law profit years evasion and the lowest important goal was the protection of jungle. This result shows the conflict between social and privet goals.