ERFANIYAT DAR ADABE FARSI
Year:2010 | Volume:1 | Issue:2|Papers Count:8

What is meant by “Sufism” is not confined to the mere “practice of Love”.In this school, life is understood to connote an air of “Love” and the universe is seen as the representation of “God”. The mystic should have a cultivated mind and pure soul in order to absorb the waves of “Godly Love”. Here, the soul is considered to be “the Home of God” whose tenant is like a mirror reflecting the “Truth”, and an image of “God”. But the legacy of “Sufism” is “Love” and nothing else. This school is replete with various political, social, and sociological issues and psychological considerations. As “sufi” is living within the society, dealing with different walks of people from different professions, groups, religions and be sensitive to lots of issues. These issues and many other related ones are among various subjects discussed in this article with a special reference to Sanaei’s mystic literature.

The analysis of the Quranic and gnostic foundations of Satisfaction (REZA) in the Persian poems is the subject that has been dealt with by this brief article. Having surveyed and studied the gnostic written resources with emphasizing on the Quran verses and the Islamic quoted traditions concerning to REZA, the author tried to review this issue in most of the Persian poems. While reviewing it, it appeared that REZA in Gnosticism has got a high position and a great situation in the manner of living adaptively and sociability and in some words, it is the last stage in refining one’ manner of living. The devotee (the one who starts the various stages to refine his/her manner of living as a wayfarer) once, s/he becomes a monotheist most heartily and willingly and considers God as the resource of every blessing and goodness, s/he continuously feels cheerful, enjoys life, lives joyfully. To him/her, either poverty or richness, either comfort or hardness, either living or death are the same. None of which has priority to the other, thus what is happening in this existing world is accordant to his/her will. In the present article, while discussing and surveying the concept and the nature of the position of REZA, the author has explained the meanings and the concepts of this position and its ranks along with giving documented examples and appropriate samples.

As the world is moving toward the modernization, people’s attention to spirituality is increased since the human’s constitution is basically twisted tightly with love and holiness that he needs too lie down under the silent shadows of love where he can experience his past in order to ignore the effects of the existence modern complexity. A proof to these words is the translations of Rumi’s verses to the several different languages. Fihi ma fihi is a collection of thoughts and believes of Muhammad Jalale- din Balkhi, known as Rumi, the poet of spiritual love, which is expressed in an unordinary and construction method to light a candle for the paths of those disciples who took the journey to the deep meanings of mysticism. This paper studies the verses of Fihi ma fihi from the point of construction on the basis of two standpoints, internal construction (mental form) and outward construction, such that a set of reasonable arguments for the vagueness language of Rumi can be solved or figured out, and helps us to understand this valuable work of Rumi better.Hopefully, this paper can open the way of more search about Fihi ma fihi.

Ascension to heaven is a divine phenomenon which occurred in the life of many prophets. Hence, the present article, considering some meanings of ascension, deals with this topic in the form of two sections. First, it discusses such an event in the life of some prophets like Jesus (PBUH), Adam (PBUH), Noah (PBUH), Solomon (PBUH), Abraham (PBUH), and so forth. Second, the godly holy prophet of Islam’s (PBUH) ascension to heaven and its reflection in the Persian poetry is specially included.

One of the important matters which has involved the minds of literary specialists and has been the cause of great works is the poets and mystics being affected by the poetic meanings of the pioneers of mysticism. Kamal-al-din Hossein-e Kharazmi is one of these poets and mystics of the late 8th and first half of the 9th century who has benefited from the poems and thoughts of the old mystics of 6th, 7th, and 8th centuries. Thus, it can be said that Kamal-aldin Hossein-e Kharazmi has been affected by old mystics. The present paper deals with old mystics’ effect on Kamal-al-din Hossein-e Kharazmi regarding themes, meanings, combinations, expressions, rhythm, rhyme, and other poetic wits.

Sadi’s mysticism is a practical mysticism that includes states of pleasure and ease and talking about Sadi’s mysticism is both difficult and easy. Because his school of mysticism like his speech with all its clarity and beauty is easy and recusant. Talking about Sadi’s mysticism and his mystique attitude deserves deep view and thinking. Therefore, Sadi’s mysticism should be evaluated beside his thoughts and works. This article, relying on Sadi’s Bustan, aims to clarify Sadi’s mysticism and investigates its relation with his contemporary mystic attitudes.

Comparing Shahnameh and Boostan is considerable from this point of view that one of them pertains to Iran before Mongol invasion and the other is the product of Mongol riotous epoch. Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh is an epic and mythical work and has been established on the basis of nostalgia and reminiscence of Iran, mankind glory days and promoting heroic and manliness culture. On the other hand, Sadi’s Boostan is a sample of Iranians ideal and desirable world in the tumult of Mongol invasion and in the hopes to revive the days when moral and human values ruled the society and when kings and governors were for the sake of guarding the peasant, not the peasant for the sake of guarding kings. The present article aims to investigate and compare the utopia thoughts in these two works.

The function of literary of speech and the poets type use of them from these figures of speech is among the most important issues that has not been paid much attention and often in the elaboration and explanation of literary figures of speech, there is a stereotype or cliché definition from it and some examples and instances will be presented for complementation of issue, but the fact how and in which poets used these figures of speech is the matter that needs more observation and considering. In this article, the authors have investigated into the function of one of these figures of speech which is equation method is Sanaei’s elegies and also consideration has been focused on equation method structure is Sanaei’s works and the similarities and its influence on the Indian poems.