Qom University of Medical Sciences Journal
Year:2021 | Volume:15 | Issue:5|Papers Count:8

Background and Objectives Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is the tenth leading cause of death in the world. Despite the implementation of an effective prevention and treatment plan, the expected success in reducing and controlling TB cases has not yet been achieved. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of education based on health belief model developed with social support on the promotion of self-care behaviors of patients with smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis in Qom province in 2019. Methods 80 patients with smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis Patient being treated at Qom Health Center were included in this educational intervention study. Patients were randomly divided into experimental (n= 40) and control (n= 40) groups. The educational intervention was performed in three sessions of 45 minutes. Data were collected using a questionnaire and during a direct interview before the educational intervention and three months after the educational intervention. Data analysis using SPSS software version 20 and descriptive tests (frequency and percentage, mean and standard deviation) and analytical tests (paired t-test, independent t-test and Chi-square) at the significance level of 0. 05 done. Results Before educational intervention, there was no significant difference in the mean scores of self-care behavior, perceived sensitivity, perceived barriers, perceived benefits, perceived self-efficacy and perceived social support between the experimental and control groups (P>0. 05 ). However, after the educational intervention, a significant difference was observed between the experimental and control groups in terms of the mean scores of self-care behavior, perceived barriers, perceived benefits, perceived self-efficacy and perceived social support (P<0. 05). Conclusion The results of this study showed that education Based on Extended Health Belief Model can be effective on perceived barriers, perceived benefits, perceived self-efficacy, perceived social support, and self-care by increasing and improving the status of structures. Therefore, by designing educational programs based on this model, it is possible to provide the ground for behavior change in target patients

Background and Objectives Patients with multiple sclerosis, especially those treated with immunosuppressive drugs, are less immune than normal individuals and may be more susceptible to Covid 19. The aim of this study was to determine the level of knowledge of patients with MS of Covid 19 during the corona epidemic in Jahrom in 2021. Methods This descriptive cross-sectional census study was performed on 191 patients with definite multiple sclerosis in Jahrom in 2021. Data collection tools included a demographic information questionnaire and a standard questionnaire for MS patients’ knowledge of Covid 19. Questionnaire information was collected in SPSS software version 21 and collected using descriptive and inferential statistical indicators. Results Of 191 patients with MS during coron pandemic, 6. 3% of them had coronary artery disease. The mean score of MS patients was (80. 7%). There was a significant relationship between demographic variables such as gender, education and number of households with patients’ knowledge (P<0. 05). The highest level of awareness was observed in men, patients with postgraduate education and patients with a large number of two-person households and in government employees with excellent economic status. The majority of patients considered the disease phase to be pandemic and the corona to be rapidly transmitted from person to person and its symptoms to be persistent fever and cough. The majority of patients also believed in the protective role of gloves and masks and the use of shields in preventing coronary heart disease. Conclusion Patients with MS have a good understanding of this stage of the Covid 19 pandemic, while about 10% of them do not follow the quarantine rules completely. Therefore, training programs can be considered for these people who are at higher risk for Covid 19 infection

Background and Objectives A cording to the importance of the effect of maternal health on pregnancy on the parts of the child’ s mood, The purpose of this research was to determine and compare the perceptual sensitivity of infants of mothers with gestational diabetes and healthy mothers. Methods This descriptive and causal-comparative research consisted of 88 mothers with infants aged 3-12 months who referred to the vaccination wards of Qom community health centers. The mothers were divided into two groups with and without a history of gestational diabetes. The research instruments were the IBQ-R infant mood assessment questionnaire and the individual information questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney, Chi-square and SPSS software. Results There is difference between the average perceptual sensitivity of infants of mothers with gestational diabetes and healthy mothers (P<0. 05). the level of perceptual sensitivity in infants in mothers with a history of gestational diabetes is significantly higher than in infants of healthy mothers (P=0. 034). Conclusion Maternal diabetes during pregnancy is correlated to the perceptual sensitivity of infants. Maternal anxiety about the infant’ s health can be reduced by justifying the infant’ s behaviors by informing mothers with gestational diabetes in the postpartum period

Background and Objectives Inter-professional collaboration is one of the most important components of patient safety. Understanding the components of interprofessional collaboration is essential. So far, few studies have been conducted on interprofessional cooperation in the operating room, worldwide and in Iran. The aim of this study was to explain the experiences of operating room staff from the components and examples of interprofessional collaboration using the phenomenological approach by Colaizzi method (1978). The aim of this study was to explain the experiences of operating room staff from the components and examples of interprofessional collaboration using the phenomenological approach by Colaizzi method (1978). The aim of this study was to explain the experiences of operating room staff from the components and examples of interprofessional collaboration using the phenomenological approach Colaizzi method (1978). Methods 12 employees working in different professions in the operating room of Qom hospitals were included. The study was conducted in a qualitative phenomenological manner with the Colaizzi method and structured goal-based interviews. Results From the analysis of the obtained data, 6 Emergent Them and 20 Theme Clusters were obtained as follows: “ Organization” (goal setting and shared resources), “ Professional Identity” (commitment, mutual respect, synergy and clear role), ” Communication” (Collaboration, Trust, Information Sharing, and Conflict Management “ Team Characteristics (Flexibility, Experience, Participation, Teamwork, and responsibility، accountability)” , Leadership and Management (Operating Room Leadership, Hierarchy Structure, Climate, Working Conditions, and Capacity) “ Coordination” (planning) Conclusion Staff training and explaining the experience of other operating room staff about the components of Inter-professional collaboration, could be considered as one of the main steps to achieve inter-Inter-professional collaboration and patient safety. The results of this study can be helpful education officials in improving and improving the quality of joint inter-professional training programs

Background and Objectives Today, because of the spread of drug resistance and the prevalence of infectious diseases, the use of medicinal plants has increased. So, in this study, the antibacterial effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Oak jaft and Echium amoenum was investigated on Shigella flexneri. Methods In this study, hydroalcoholic extracts were extracted by maceration method and concentrated by rotary evaporator then dried immediately. Next, the antimicrobial effect of different dilutions of extracts on Shigella flexneri was investigated by disk diffusion and micro broth dilution methods and compared with two antibiotics, ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Results The results showed that in proportion to the increase in the concentration of oak jaft extract, its antibacterial effect on Shigella flexneri also increased and 3. 9 and 7. 8 mg/ml of the extract were obtained by MIC and MBC dilution micro broth method, respectively. In the case of Echium amoenum extract, bacteria were grown at all dilutions (except the main stock of the extract (250 mg/ml)) and the extract had no antimicrobial effect on Shigella flexneri. Conclusion According to the results of this study, oak jaft extract had a good inhibitory effect on Shigella flexneri and in comparison, with ciprofloxacin antibiotic, a similar inhibitory effect was observed and in comparison, with trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole, more inhibitory effect was observed

Background and Objectives Diabetes has irreversible effects on the physical and mental functioning of people with diabetes, therefore performing psychological interventions for patients with diabetes seems necessary. Accordingly, the present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of dialectical behavioral therapy on stress and cognitive flexibility of women with type 2 diabetes. Methods The present study was a quasi-experimental one with pre-test and post-test design and with a control group. Among the statistical population, which included all women with diabetes referred to the Diabetes Center of Birjand in the second 6 months of 2018, 30 people were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The dialectical behavior therapy program was performed for the experimental group in eight 60-minute sessions weekly. Data were collected by Stress Questionnaire (Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995) and Cognitive Flexibility Questionnaire (Dennis & Wendrew, 2010) before and after the intervention, and were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance in the environment of SPSS v. 24 at a significance level of 0. 05. Results The results showed that in the post-test stage there was a significant difference between mean scores of stress and cognitive flexibility in experimental and control groups; in other words, dialectical behavior therapy significantly increased cognitive flexibility and reduced stress in patients with type 2 diabetes (P<0. 01). Conclusion Based on the obtained results, in the therapeutic interventions of diabetic patients using effective treatment methods such as dialectical behavior therapy, it is necessary to pay more attention to the improvement of their psychological conditions

Background and Objectives Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are one of the most common sources of cell-based therapies in heart regeneration. There are several approaches to differentiate MSCs into cardiac-like cells, such as genetic modification. In addition, using of 3D culture, such as hydrogels, increases the efficiency of differentiation. Methods In the present study, lentiviruses containing microRNA 1 (miR-1) and myocardium (Myocd) were co-transducted to mouse adipose-derived MSCs. Three days after, transduced MSCs were transferred to a hydrogel containing chitosan and collagen. After 21 days, the differentiation of encapsulated cells was evaluated. In this regard, the expression of cardiac markers such as NK2 homeobox 5 (Nkx2-5), GATA binding protein 4 (Gata4) and troponin T type 2 (Tnnt2) at the level of gene and protein were investigated. Results The results of real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunocytochemistry showed that co-induction of miR-1 and Myocd in MSCs followed by transfer to composite hydrogel increased the expression of cardiac markers. Conclusion The use of 3D culture such as chitosan/collagen hydrogel improves the differentiation of MSCs and subsequently obtains more mature cells for use in cell-based regenerative medicine

Background and Objectives Microtia-atresia is a rare congenital anomaly, which characterized by a small, abnormally shaped auricle (microtia) accompanied with narrow, blocked or absent ear canal (atresia). Microtia can occur appear either as independent clinical abnormality or as part of a syndrome. Due to hearing loss, 80%– 90% of patients are at increasing risk of speech and poor academic performance. This abnormality with genetic predisposition and autosomal dominant or recessive mode of Mendelian hereditary, as well as forms due to chromosomal aberrations, occur in varying degrees from 0. 83 to 17. 4 per 10, 000 births, usually unilateral form with more common in males. Case Presentation In this article, a term male neonate with microtia-atresia, born of a 34-year-old mother, was reported. On initial examination by a pediatrician, not properly formation of external right ear and absence of the ear canal was observed in infant. In a closer examination no craniofacial anomalies and no microtia associated syndrome was not observed