HOSPITAL
Year:2020 | Volume:19 | Issue:1 (72)|Papers Count:8

Background and Objective: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease and is the leading cause of death from single-agent infectious diseases. The purpose of this study was to estimate the economic costs of this disease and its effective factors in Hamadan province. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on a cross-sectional (two-year time scale) study in 2014 and 2015. The population of this study is tuberculosis patients in Hamadan province. Data extraction was performed by examining the file of patients with tuberculosis in urban and rural health centers and patients of hospital in Hamadan. Also, using a logistic model and Stata 15, social factors and households that are more likely to be exposed to this disease were studied. Results: A total of 173 tuberculosis patients were identified, with an estimated cost of treatment of 8307 million IRR. Also, the results of the Logit model showed that people living in the city over 65, low educated, and people with HIV The order of 22, 14, 18, and 6 percent would be greater than the likelihood of exposure to tuberculosis. Conclusion: The cost of tuberculosis, in addition to allocating a significant amount of health resources in the province, also imposes a high burden on households. The social and economic consequences of these costs lead to many abnormalities such as the exclusion of women with a family or the abandonment of the children of affected people.

Background: Assessing and improving the quality of services in hospitals because deal with the health of humans is very important. The purpose of this study is to identify and weigh quality criteria and ranking of four hospitals in Mashhad. Materials & Methods: The present study is of type Applied Studies that is a cross-sectional study conducted in the winter of 1396. In this study, by literature review, dimensions of service quality in the hospital was identified. Then, a paired comparison questionnaire (including 8 people) was used to conduct the survey. Then coefficients of importance of each dimension were calculated through the process of hierarchical analysis in a fuzzy environment. Decision-making matrix questionnaire was completed by a 400-person sample of patient companions in four hospitals. Then, hospitals were ranked using GRA-TOPSIS method. The validity of questionnaires were confirmed by the expert group. Results: Using FAHP, knowledge and skills of medicine obtained the most important coefficient. Also, using GRA-TOPSIS, third hospital received the fourth place in the provision of services. Also in the third hospital the quality of access requires the greatest improvement. Conclusion: In addition to ranking hospitals based on quality of service criteria, the GRA-TOPSIS method is able to identify each hospital's weaknesses in each criterion. As a result, the priorities for improving the quality of service in each hospital were identified, and the hospital manager could work to improve performance on the criteria that he or she achieved with lower performance than other hospitals.

Background: Public-private partnership (PPP) in constructing and operating hospitals is a good strategy to provide high quality services to people at lower cost for the government. However, PPP is facing several challenges. The objective of this research was to identify and explore the PPP challenges in building Moheb Yas hospital in Tehran, Iran. Materials and Methods: A qualitative approach was used for this case study in 2018. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 24 key stakeholders, managers and employees who were involved in PPP initiative implementation using purposive and snowball sampling methods. Thematic analysis approach was used for data analysis. Results: Moheb Yas hospital was built in the yard of a public hospital (Co-location PPP) by the private entity. Then, the public hospital was moved into the private hospital. The new hospital was transferred to the government after one year owing to some challenges. These challenges include an inappropriate PPP model, low government capacity and competency in PPP, low trust in private partner, difficulty in funding the project, demolishing the old building, applying for hospital licences, merging two public and private hospitals, and difficulties in equipping the new hospital with human and physical resources. Conclusion: The PPP was not successful in this case. Although PPP initiatives have benefits for the health system, but, it comes with numerous challenges especially in developing countries owing to disparate goals, incentives, and management practices of public and private sectors. The research findings provide useful insights for policy makers and senior managers in health systems in similar countries about the main barriers of PPP initiatives in the health sectors.

Background: equality in access of health care services is one of the most important goals of Health system. In this study, we provided a description of the distribution of Otorhinolaryngology Head & neck surgery specialists in the Provinces of Iran in 2017. Materials & Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2017 to describe the distribution of Otorhinolaryngology Head & neck surgery specialists in the Provinces of Iran in 2017. Data were gathered through Ministry of Health and Statistical Center of Iran. Gini Coefficient, Concentration Curve, Multiple Regression and Geographic Maps used by Microsoft R Version 3-6-0 for data analysis. Results: The highest and lowest ratio of Otorhinolaryngology Head & neck surgery specialists per population in the year 2017 was reported in Tehran (2. 31 per 100, 000 populations) and Hormozgan (0. 39 per 100, 000 populations). Conclusion: There was a considerable disparity between different regions of the country in terms of access to Otorhinolaryngology specialists.

Background: Performance appraisal and quality evaluation of the services provided will achieve the organizational goals and improve the level of staff capability. In order to evaluate accurately and efficiently, we need to use standard indices, to compare the quality and quantity of work with standards, to know the current conditions and to solve its problems Methods: This study is an applied study. This was done through a combined method of reviewing the texts and consensus of experts. Initially, the literature review and emergency evaluation indices were extracted, then the duplicate indices were removed and similar indices were merged, then weighted experts and questionnaires were compiled with the indices. Content validity, Cronbach's alpha coefficient and test-retest were used to assess the validity, internal consistency and reproducibility of the questionnaire, respectively. Data were analyzed using Excel and SPSS 20 software. Finding: Final questionnaire with 105 questions in 8 areas including management and leadership (15); human resources (22); physical space and facilities (18); medicine and medical equipment (6); guidelines and policies (17); patient-centered (10); documentation of patient records (5); quality and time indices in the emergency department (12). The results showed that the final questionnaire was reliable (0. 89) and repeatable (ICC = 0. 98). Conclusion: The Hospital Emergency Performance Assessment Questionnaire is a valid and reliable instrument and can be used to evaluate the performance of hospital emergency services.

Background: Hospitals play a key role in ensuring community health. Among the hospital departments, the surgery room accounts for a significant portion of the cost and revenue of the hospital. Surgery timing is important to increase the efficiency of operating rooms. The purpose of this study was to optimize surgical hall scheduling based on discrete event simulation model. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in the summer of 2018 in the operation room of one of the hospitals in Tehran. As people entered the operation room, their information about the cause and condition that caused the surgery, the type of surgery (elective or emergency) the time of being in the operation was recorded by details. Data analysis was performed SPSS software and simulation of therapeutic system was performed Arena software. Results: By analyzing the input data of 625 patients during three months, more than 60% of patients were men and less than 40% were women. The first entry into the surgery room for the selected patients was at 7: 10 am and the last was at 5: 00 pm. Of the eight scenarios presented, two arrival rate correction scenarios (noon arrival distribution) and a combined scenario (noon queue correction and patient adding) resulted in the greatest reduction in waiting time. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that changing the distribution of patients 'arrival to hours with less input time can decrease patients' waiting time and increase the efficiency of surgery room.

Background and Aim: Conflict between health workers is an important problem in health care units around the world. The aim of this study was to identify the causes of conflict between nursing staff and other occupational groups in the hospital. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2018. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. The questionnaire was designed in two parts: demographic variables and causes of conflict between nursing and other occupational groups with a Likert scale of 5 points. 120 nursing staff of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences randomly selected were surveyed. Data were analyzed by SPSS software15 using descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Results: The highest rate of conflict reported by nurses was related to the conflict with the group of managers (4. 17± 0. 94) and the lowest rate was with administrative, financial and support staff (3. 55± 1. 13). The most important reasons for conflict between nursing staff and different groups were: imposing non-specialist roles (such as completing doctors' documentation); perceived inequality in workload distribution; insufficient understanding of nursing work conditions; unreasonable differences in salaries and other benefits, and unfair distribution of manpower. There was also a statistically significant correlation between the level of conflict with marital status, work experience, age group (p <0. 05). Conclusion: The results of the present study showed the role of some factors causing conflict between nursing staff and other occupational groups. These findings could be a practical guide for hospital managers in making practical decisions and strategies for managing workplace conflicts.

Background and purpose: Electrocautery is a very important tool in surgery. Electrocautery burn is a common side effect of operation surgeries. Quality management is a useful strategy for improving the quality and safety of hospital services. The objective of this study was to examine the impact of quality management on reducing electrocautery burns. Materials and methods: A participatory action research was conducted in the operating theatre of a hospital in Tehran, Iran, in 2013 and 2014. A quality improvement team was established in the hospital operating theatre. The quality improvement team using an 8-step quality management model, standardized working processes, identified quality goals for the processes and improved them until achieved the quality goals. Data on electrocautery burns was collected before and after the intervention and compared. Results: Electrocautery burn rate was 0. 40% in 2012. A wet patient due to sweating or washing during the surgery, in-appropriate patient position, faulty earth well, faulty anti-static mattress and long usage of electrocautery devices were the main reasons of electrocautery burn injuries. Accordingly an action plan was developed and implemented for preventing and reducing electrocautery burns. Consequently, electrocautery burn rate was reduced to 0. 21% and 0. 02% in 2013 and 2014. Electrocautery burn was significantly reduced by 95% in two years. Conclusion: Electrocautery burns can be easily prevented using the quality management strategy. Implementing an appropriate quality management model appropriately in a supportive environment enhances the safety of hospital services.