Jundishapur Scientific Medical Journal
Year:2021 | Volume:20 | Issue:2|Papers Count:8

Leishmaniasis is one of the most forgotten diseases in the world affecting the poor people in large numbers. At present, 350 million people are at risk and 2 million new cases are reported annually, of which 1. 5 million of them are cutaneous leishmaniasis and the rest are related to visceral leishmaniasis. The World Health Organization and Tropical Diseases Research (TDR) division ranks leishmaniasis in the first group of emerging and uncontrolled disease. Leishmaniasis appears in three form; Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL), muco-Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (MCL) and Viceral Leishmaniasis (VL). More than 90% of cutaneous leishmaniasis are in Iran, Afghanistan, Nepal, Syria, Saudi Arabia and Peru. Viceral leishmaniasis in terms of geographical conditions divided into five different types; Indian Leishmaniasis, is human disease reservoir type and sand fly of Phlebotomus argenti is vector. African leishmaniasis or Sudanese leishmaniasis is second and common in Sudan and Kenya. Gerbils, otters, dogs and cats are reservoirs and the vector is Phlebotomus orientalis. Russian type is the third form and prevalent in Turkmenistan and the Caucasus (Soviet Union). Dogs and foxes are the main reservoirs and Phlebotomus archablensis is vector of the disease. The American type is the fourth form and infects American countries and dogs and jackals carry the disease and Phlebotomus intermedius are vectors of the disease. The fifth is Mediterranean Leishmaniasis also called Middle Eastern type which is common in the Middle East countries among people under the age of 10 and in Iran observe in the provinces of Khuzestan, Fars, Isfahan, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Ardabil and Khorasan.

Background and Objectives: Serratia is a gram-negative bacterium. The pigmentation property of Serratia Marcescens is used as a marker of dust particles in the environment and in the hospital. Today biopigments are also widely used in the manufacture and production of pharmaceutical products. Prodigiosin is a promising drug due to its reported properties of antifungal immunosuppressive and antiproliferative activities. In the present study, cloning of pig gene-isolated from Serratia Marcescens in Ecoli XL1blue was performed. Subjects and Methods 60 Samples were taken from clinical sources of patients hospitalized with urinary tract infections in Saveh Hospitals. Serratia Marcescens were identified and isolated by different tests. The pig gene was cloned by T-A cloning using PTG-19 vector into the Escherichia coli XL1blue as host. Expression of cloned gene in recombinant colonies was evaluated by Real time PCR. The phylogenetic tree was plotted using clustalX and Mega5 software Results Screening of samples identified 12 isolates of Serratia Marcescens from then 4 isolates had pig gene. Expression of Pig gene in Escherichia coli XL1blue was confirmed by Real-Tima PCR. As a result of phylogenetic studies, some close relatives of serratia have been identified as candidates for further studies Conclusion Serratia Marcescens can be considered as a rich source of pigments with many applications and can be used as indigenous strains to produce Prodigiosin.

deformities in adolescents. There are factors that may determine the success of non-surgical treatments of spinal deformities. Hence the aim of current study was to investigate the relationship between the amount of time for brace wear and its psychological effects and the level of social participation of adolescents with spinal deformity. Subjects and Methods we examined adolescents undergoing brace treatment for spinal deformity attending to Ahvaz Technical Orthopedic Centers. Among them, 30 adolescents including 3 males and 27 females (mean age: 14. 7 (1. 92) years) were included in the study. Sampling method was simple nonprobability sampling. Data were collected using Fear of Negative Evaluation questionnaire, Participation Scale questionnaire, Bad Sobernheimer stress (Deformity) and Bad Sobernheimer (brace) questionnaire. The duration (hours and months) of brace treatment was also recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using Spearman correlation coefficient calculation and correlational analysis. Results The results demonstrated that the participation scale had a negative correlation with Bad Sobernheimer (brace) score (r= 0. 49, P=0. 006). Participation scale also had a positive correlation with fear of negative evaluation score (r= 0. 42, P=0. 019). There were no significant correlation between other variables. Conclusion Psycho-social factors can affect adolescents’ participation score undergoing brace treatment. People with scoliosis and hyper kyphosis undergoing brace treatment are young, so, it is important to consider psychological and social factors during brace treatment, to minimize negative consequences of brace treatment.

Background and Objectives: One of the speech disorders of school age children is stuttering. It has a great impact on communication and self-esteem in these children. There have not been many studies on the efficacy of treatment programs, especially the Lidcomb treatment program, on the severity of stuttering in school-age children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the Lidcomb treatment program on stuttering in school-age children. Subjects and Methods In this study, 15 children aged 7-11 years with stuttering were administered the Lidcomb treatment. Severity of stuttering was measured in three positions: the beginning of the study, at the end of the first phase and the end of the second phase of the Lidcomb program. Analysis of variance was performed with the SPSS software. Results Comparison of the results showed a significant decrease in stuttering severity in school-age children following the implementation of the Lidcomb program (P=0. 000). Conclusion The Lidcomb treatment program is a structured and targeted program that can be effective in reducing stuttering in school-age children.

Background and Objectives: Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is one of the most common infections in the community and hospitalized patients. The aim of the present study was to investigate bacteria isolated from urinary tract infections and their antibiotic resistance in hospitalized patients. Subjects and Methods In the this descriptive-cross-sectional study, the results of about 5, 000 urine samples sent for culture from the hospitalized patients of Golestan Hospital in Ahvaz in 2019 were examined. Relevant information was extracted from patients’ medical records. Results Out of 5000 samples studied (39. 7% female and 60. 3% male), about 468 samples (9. 36%) showed positive urine culture. Of the patients with UTI, 205 patients were women (43. 8%). The risk of UTI increased with age. The most common bacteria caused urinary tract infections were E. coli with 51. 5%, followed by Klebsiella with 29. 3%. It was also observed that bacteria isolated from urine samples of people with UTI had antibiotic resistance, and for each bacteria special groups of antibiotics were more effective. Conclusion The prevalence of UTI in the studied patients was 9. 36%. In females and with increasing age, the prevalence of UTI was higher. The most common bacteria that caused UTI were E. coli and then Klebsiella. Due to the fact that the resistance and sensitivity of bacteria to antibiotic used, it is recommended that the most common bacterial agents of UTI must be diagnosed and then the most appropriate antibiotic must be prescribed.

Background and Objectives: This study compares feeding behaviors and problems of in term Infants and preterm infants at 6 months corrected age. Subjects and Methods The study was of observational-sectional type (descriptive and analytic) and sampling was one-step cluster probability of the available population in the form of the whole number. Feeding behaviors of 90 infants, including 60 term infants and 30 preterm infants, were assessed by speech and language pathologists through interviews with parents and recorded in a questionnaire. The information in this questionnaire includes feeding behaviors, feeding problems, feeding period, infant weight at 2, 4, 6 months and the age of the child to start complementary feeding, SPSS software version 24 was used to analyze the data. In all the present study, P-value less than 5% was considered as a significant level. Results The results showed that the two groups were significantly different in the mean score of feeding behavior (P= 0. 001), feeding problems (P= 0. 047) and weight gain (P<0. 001). While in feeding duration (P= 0. 53) and Frequency of feeding (P= 0. 1) there was no significant difference. Of the 90 infants studied, more than 80% of them started feeding in the form of puree in the age group of 4-6 months. Conclusion Premature infants have more feeding problems and less weight gain than normal infants. It is recommended that the speech and language pathologist evaluate and intervene appropriately for oral skills and nutrition of premature infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit.

Background and Objectives: A new generation of corona virus in the areas of China, Wuhan City has been expanded and has caused many deaths. The virus is highly contagious and spreads rapidly. So far, thousands of people have been infected with the virus. The aim of this study was to investigate the status of preventive behaviors of corona virus among household health ambassadors of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences using the health belief model. Subjects and Methods This study is a cross-sectional study of analytical type that was conducted on 1020 household health ambassadors of the cities covered by Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences in the fall of 1399. Samples were taken using available sampling and by sending an online questionnaire link to the participants. The questionnaire was completed online. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data, whose validity and reliability were determined. For data analysis, Spss software, descriptive and analytical statistics were used. Results The mean age of study participants was 31. 12± 7. 66 years. The scores of perceived benefit were 18. 81± 1. 80 and self-efficacy 31. 76± 3. 71, which was higher than other structures. Correlation coefficient test showed a significant correlation between corona virus preventive behaviors and all model constructs. In regression analysis, it was found that model constructs predicted 23. 7% (R2=0. 237) of behavior changes. Conclusion The results confirm the predictive role of perceived benefits, barriers and perceived self-efficacy concepts in corona virus disease prevention behaviors based on the Health Belief Model. Therefore, methods of promoting these constructs, such as verbal persuasion, raising awareness of the benefits, barriers and abilities of individuals through virtual media and providing appropriate models for them, can be used as factors to improve preventive behaviors of corona virus.

Background and Objectives: Iron has a substantial role in growth of children. Regarding importance of iron metabolism and the role of hepcidin in this process, we aimed to evaluate the impact of a single period of interval swimming exercise on iron storage content and plasma hepcidin level in adolescent boys. Subjects and Methods In present semi-experimental study, 30 swimmers were selected by targeted sampling, and randomly allocated into two groups (each with 15 members) of swimming interval training (13. 70± 0. 70) and control (13. 75± 0. 88). Training protocol included eight weeks of interval swimming exercise, three sessions (50-60 minutes) per week of swimming interval training with 60-80% heart rate reserved, and rest to training ratio 1: 1. Fasting blood sampling was performed in pre-test and post-test. Paired and independent t tests were used for data analysis at significant level of P≤ 0. 05. Results After eight weeks of training, a significant reduction was found in levels of hemoglobin (P=0. 001), serum iron (P=0. 008) and ferritin (P=0. 012, while hepcidin level (P=0. 040) showed a significant increase respective to control group. Conclusion Considering our results, eight weeks of interval swimming exercise can reduce iron storages (in physiologic levels) and increase plasma hepcidin in adolescent boys.