Journal of Multidisciplinary Care
Year:2020 | Volume:9 | Issue:3|Papers Count:8

Corona is a respiratory virus that can cause death as well as many complications in recovering patients. Preventive and control measures to protect people who are exposed to the corona virus and contract it depend on the type of work performed and the risk of exposure to infected people and contamination of the workplace. Due to the non-necessity of performing non-emergency surgeries and taking precautionary measures for patients who are candidates for surgery and whose corona test is positive, various cases should be considered by the staff during the surgery. To prevent and manage aerosol dispersion, it is better to use a device for suctioning aerosol smoke during surgery, whether in open or closed surgeries (laparoscopy).

Background & Aims: Coronary artery disease is one of the major health problems worldwide. According to the World Health Organization, this disease is one of the leading causes of mortality in the world and Iran. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the level of physical activity and some risk factors of coronary heart disease in patients with a heart attack. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical descriptive study was carried out on the patients with myocardial infarction referring to Dr. Heshmat Educational and Medical Center in Rasht, Iran, in 1994. A total of 180 patients with myocardial infarction were included in the present study using availability sampling according to inclusion criteria. The data were collected using data collection tools, including 1) demographics questionnaire (including age, gender, marital status, and family history of heart disease), 2) clinical trials (e. g., cholesterol and triglycerides upon arrival at the hospital), and 3) Beckʼ s level of physical activity questionnaire. Results: In this study, 66% of the studied participants were male, and the mean age of the patients was reported as 62 years. The average scores of the level of physical activity in the fields of work and leisure time and overall three fields were significantly higher among males than those reported for females (P<0. 001). There was no significant relationship between body mass index (BMI), age, education, history of hypertension, underlying diseases, and diabetes, and history of family members suffering from heart disease with the level of physical activity of the study subjects (for all associations: P>0. 05). Conclusion: It is recommended to include regular and correct physical activities in the treatment plan of patients with a heart attack. Following an active lifestyle in addition to maintaining BMI within the appropriate range and reducing excess fat causes the control and prevention of cardiovascular risk factors. By increasing the level of regular and correct physical activities for patients, it may be possible to prevent the risk of developing cardiovascular disease.

Background & Aims: This study aimed to determine the effect of peer education on the self-efficacy of dialysis patients referred to Urmia TeachingMedical Hospital, Urmia, Iran. Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 60 dialysis patients who were selected using the convenient sampling and random allocation methods in 2019. They were then divided into two experimental and control groups of 30 cases per group. Before the intervention, demographic characteristics form and dialysis patient self-efficacy questionnaires were utilized to collect information. Subsequently, peer education intervention was designed based on the educational needs of the patients in different domains. The experimental group was then subjected to the intervention during the two sessions of dialysis individually and face to face. One month after the end of the second session, the self-efficacy questionnaire of dialysis patients was given to both groups, and the data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 19). Results: At the pre-test stage, the independent t-test showed no significant difference between the control and experimental groups in terms of selfefficacy scores (P>0. 05). However, a significant difference was observed between the control and experimental groups in terms of the self-efficacy scores at the post-test (P<0. 05). Moreover, according to the results of the paired t-test, the experimental group indicated a significant difference before and after the intervention in this regard (P<0. 05). Conclusion: Peer education improves the self-efficacy of dialysis patients. Therefore, it is recommended to utilize this educational method for dialysis patients along with other educational methods.

Background & Aims: The need for the constant presence of nurses in patient care and the non-cooperation of other care providers has made the conflict in the defined roles an inevitable issue in the nurses' daily care activities. This study aimed to analyze and define the concept of nursing care role conflict and determine its causes and consequences. Methods: This concept analysis study was conducted with detailed research on databases, including SID, Iranmedex, MEDLIB-ED, PubMed, Scopus, Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The English and Persian articles published within 2010-2020 were included and the search process was performed with the following keywords: "Care role conflict", "Role conflict", "Nurses", and "Nurse". The review of the titles and content of articles was based on inclusion criteria. Data analysis was performed using the Walker and Avant's 8-Step Method. Results: Numerous factors, such as inequality in the distribution of financial rewards, high workload, inappropriate management systems, and lack of specified job description, are among the effective factors leading to the creation of nursing care role conflict. Various concepts were used rather than nursing care role conflict, among which included role ambiguity, unclear goals, role insecurity, uncertain expectations, misinterpretation confusion, exhaustion, and job stress, as well as lack of clarity and planning. Conclusion: It was revealed that the lack of clarity in job descriptions was the main cause of the nursing care role conflict. Moreover, the supportive and protective nursing roles were effective in the creation of nursing care role conflict.

Background & Aims: Professional behavior, as one of the fundamental elements of professional training, obliges nursing and midwifery staff to follow the principles that make them receive care with more confidence and trust along with the clients. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometrics of a questionnaire and determine the professional behavior of midwives working in the delivery wards of medical centers and hospitals under the auspices of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran, in 2019. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study evaluated 200 midwives working in delivery units with a standardized checklist assessing the professional behavior of health care providers. Results: The results obtained in the areas of confronting with the client, being responsible and having interaction with colleagues, and considering the patient as a human, being trustworthy, identifying and satisfying the patient's needs, paying attention to the patient's conversations and having a respectful behavior with him/her, performing tasks properly, providing appropriate feedback, observing hospital rules, and respecting colleagues were among the most important priorities of the study findings. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, the factors requiring attention included confronting with the client, considering the patient as a human, paying attention to the patient's conversations and having a respectful behavior with him/her, being trustworthy, identifying and satisfying the patient's needs, providing continuing care to clients, and observing the morals in interaction with clients.

Background & Aims: Proper planning to increase the scientific collaboration of Iranian nursing specialists with the global scientific network in their field can improve the level of this field of healthcare in this country. Therefore, it can upgrade the quality and quantity of nursing services. In this regard, this study aimed to identify the effective factors and barriers to international scientific collaboration from the viewpoint of Nursing Faculty Members. Methods: The present applied research was conducted based on a descriptive survey (cross-sectional) design during the spring and summer of 2020. Statistical population of the study included 249 nursing faculty members whose names are listed in the Iranian Scientometric Information Database. The data were collected through self-report questionnaires with three sections, nine subsections, and 91 items. It should be mentioned that the validity and reliability of the questionnaire were investigated by experts and Chronbach alpha, respectively. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and statistical tests in SPSS software (version 21). Results: Based on the findings, "communicational factors" and "processstructure factors" with mean scores of 4. 03 and 3. 87 were the most important barrier and effective incentive (effective factor), respectively, regarding the international scientific collaboration of university members. Moreover, the components of “ lack of scientific communication channels to contact foreign researchers and colleagues" and "compatibility between faculty members regarding issues, such as working and writing style" with mean scores of 4. 13 and 3. 98 were the most important barriers and influencing factors, respectively. Conclusion: Undoubtedly, the development of scientific, educational, and research exchanges between Iranian nursing specialists and their foreign counterparts will lead to scientific progress and development in their field. Therefore, they will be able to provide higher levels of health and nursing services within the health system of our country. Consequently, the faculties, universities, and at the top of them, the Ministry of Health and Medical Education are recommended to develop plans and policies to strengthen effective factors and remove obstacles and challenges.

Background & Aims: Mental well-being is one of the most important aspects of students' mental health which results from personal cognitive and emotional perception of the whole life. The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of compassion group training and mindfulness-based stress reduction in subjective well-being of female students with academic stress in Farhangian University of Chahar Mahal va Bakhtiari. Methods: The present quasi-experimental study was conducted based on a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all 350 female students of Farhangian University of Chahar Mahal va Bakhtiari province in the academic year of 2018-2019. A number of 150 students were randomly selected from among all the students; therafter, 90 students with higher academic stress scores were selected as the final sample and were randomly assigned to three groups of 30 subjects (two experimental and one control group). In all the three groups, the subjective well-being questionnaire was completed as a pre-test, and post-test and follow-up were performed for all the three groups after the intervention. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (including analysis of variance and covariance). Results: As evidenced by the obtained results, compassion training and mindfulness-based stress reduction training had a significant effect on increasing subjective well-being (P<0. 001). Moreover, the results of analysis of variance test demonstrated that the difference between the mean scores of the two experimental groups was significant at the level of 0. 05. These differences can be attributed to the greater effect of mindfulness-based stress reduction training on reducing negative emotions, increasing psychological and social well-being. Conclusion: Based on the results of the currents study, both methods (especially mindfulness-based stress reduction training) can be used to increase students' subjective well-being.

Background & Aims: Respiratory problems and loss of quality of life are the main challenges facing the chemical victims of mustard gas. These people suffer from multiple physical problems, most notably, respiratory distress due to the physical effects of contact with this chemical agent. Moreover, the chronic and progressive nature of the illness leads to the loss of the quality of life in these people. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of the pulmonary rehabilitation program on respiratory disorders and quality of life in chemical victims of Sardasht, Iran. Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 80 patients with chemical injuries in 2018. The patients were selected using available sampling and random allocation methods, and they were then divided into two groups of intervention and control. Initially, the two groups were asked to complete St. George's quality of life questionnaire. Subsequently, they were subjected to the spirometry test and six-minute walk distance. Following that, the intervention group received the pulmonary rehabilitation program in 8 sessions. On the other hand, the control group received routine care. The two groups were requested two months later to complete the questionnaire again. The results were analyzed using the paired t-test, independent t-test, and ANCOVA. Results: According to the results, there was a significant difference between the control and intervention groups regarding the mean± SD of forced vital capacity (FVC) (P=0. 021), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) (P˂ 0. 001), and the ratio of FVC to FEV1 (P=0. 004). However, no significant difference was observed between the two groups regarding the visual analog scale scores of breathlessness (P=0. 606). On the other hand, a significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of six-minute walk distance (P=0. 049). Furthermore, the intervention group showed a significant increase in the quality of life, compared to the control group (P˂ 0. 001). Conclusion: The application of lung rehabilitation programs can help reduce respiratory problems and improve the quality of life of chemically-injured patients with chronic respiratory diseases.