APPLIED COUNSELING
Year:2015 | Volume:5 | Issue:2|Papers Count:6

The aim of this study was to investigate and compare neighborhood communications of Shiraz citizens as a metropolis and four other cities of Fars province in relation to the youth young mate selection process. This hypothesis is examined that the development of the metropolis causes girls to be more anonymous and reduces their chances of marriage. Sample consists of 1100 households selected by stratified random sampling method (700 households in Shiraz and 100 households in each county of the province). Data were collected by structured interviews and analyzed by descriptive statistical methods (t-test, analysis of variance and Pearson correlation). The results showed that there is a significant difference between level of neighboring relationships in Shiraz metropolis and other cities of the province in general. The rate of marriage between neighbors in Shiraz compared to the four other cities was the lowest. Tendency to mate selection among close relatives has been increased in the two sequential generations. Moreover, comparing recent data about never-married women at different ages is also consistent with the hypothesis. A negative correlation coefficient was found between the level of neighboring relationships and percentage of unmarried women at any age levels. These findings are interpreted of verifying the research hypothesis, i.e. girls are more anonyous in metropolitan areas.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common mental illness in children, so it is very important to identify effective and permanent treatment. The aim of the present research is to compare the efficacy of individual play therapy and play therapy with family therapy on behavioral problems‟ reduction in ADHD children. Twenty 7-12-year- old school children with ADHD were selected and randomly assigned to two experiment groups. Subjects‟ parents completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) through pretest and post-test intervals. The data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance. The results showed that both treatments were effective in reducing behavioral problems. However, no significant difference was found between two methods in internalizing, social, attention problem, but there was significant difference between two groups on externalizing and thought problems. The present study indicates that although the effectiveness of two treatments in reducing behavioral problems in children with ADHD is the same, but considering this disorder from the systemic perspective and family therapy will be more effective.

The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between stable (intelligence and personality) and unstable (Academic self-efficacy, academic engagement and academic skills) psychological factors in predicting the academic buoyancy. 400 students (200 girls and 200 boys) were selected from among high school students in Shahrekord through random cluster sampling who answered the research questionnaires of intelligence, personality, academic skills, academic engagement and academic self-efficacy. The data were analyzed by statistical methods including Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression using SPSS-21. The findings revealed that in case of stable factors, academic buoyancy may be predicted negatively by neuroticism and positively by extraversion; while the unstable psychological factors, academic skills and academic engagement may predict the academic buoyancy. Therefore, it can be concluded that the academic buoyancy is affected by some stable and unstable psychological factors and both factors must be considered in order to enhance the academic buoyancy.

The family is known as the most important social environment affecting mental and personality development. In this regard, the aim of this study was to test the causal model of parental care and inter parental conflict with romantic intimacy and mediating role of interparental conflict perception and avoidance attachment in students.164 students at Shahid Chamran University select by multiple stage random sampling, and completed Children’s Perception of Interparental Conflict Scale, The Personal Assessment of Intimacy, Parental Bonding Instrument and Adult Attachment Scale The data were analyzed by the SPSS and AMOS software. The findings showed that the proposed model fitted this study data sufficiently. Better fitness was obtained by omitting non significant paths and using modification indices. Also, some simple indirect effects were significant while others were non significant. According to this study results, it can be said that in the case of interparental conflict, improper paternal care and maternal care lead to the development of avoidance attachment style, decrease in trust and decrease in romantic intimacy in succeeding relationships. A person who witnessed the conflict in the relationship between his parents, is affected by a sense of efficacy for coping, so reducing his coping efficacy caused a feeling of helplessness and self-blame in relation to family perceived conflicts in the person so that encountering problems caused the patient prone to mismanagement of the conflicts in adulthood relationships.

The aim of this study was to examine couple types and self-compassion as predictors for marital satisfaction. Statistical population consisted of all couples with children in guidance school in Tehran among whom 260 married people (130 women and 130 men) were selected by multiple cluster sampling. Data collection instrument was Relational Dimensions Instrument (RDI), Self - Compassion Scale and Enrich Marital Satisfaction Scale. Data analysis was performed through Pearson correlative coefficient and multiple regressions. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between six subscales of self- compassion and couple types (independent and traditional) with marital satisfaction. Also, multiple regression analysis showed that four subscales of self- compassion (self- kindness, self–judgment, common humanity, mindfulness) and couple types (independent and traditional) can predict marital satisfaction (p<0.05). According to these finding, it can be concluded that self- compassion and couple types impact marital satisfaction.

Family is the base of the human's social life formation and couples play the main role in family. Marital satisfaction is the backbone to have a healthy society. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness acceptance and commitment therapy on increasing marital satisfaction of Veteran and freedman wives in Kermanshah. From the population, 20 people were assigned into 2 experimental and control groups randomly to complete the Enrich marital satisfaction questionnaire. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to analyze the by spss-21. Findings showed that acceptance and commitment therapy is effective in increasing the marital satisfaction except in subscales financial management, parenting, religious orientation and friends (p≥0.05). Since veteran & freedman wives have special condition, acceptance and commitment therapy can help them to enhance their marital satisfaction and take realistic viewpoint in life.