(RASANE VA FARHANG)
Year:2013 | Volume:2 | Issue:2|Papers Count:7

Understanding the dimensions and angles of communication and media phenomenon, as a manifestation of the new world and according to a narration, creative cause of historical and social events and cultural formations, is needed to be conceptualized and theorized. In this article, we firstly introduce the communicative elements and then, by using "Delphi" method we explain them according to Holy Quran. Finally we draw the normative model of communication from Holy Quran's point of view.

Criticizing and discussing media technology theories which are predominant in Para-Communicational literature, would help media scholars to better understand the nature of modern media. Although instrumentalism is an outdated approach in epistemological studies of media, it is still applied in communication theories. Determinism in different forms such as technological autonomy, technological necessity, technical evolutionism, and media technologies as the only cause of all social changes has simply remained as a claim. However, there are some determinists who reject the ultimate importance and influence of media technologies and do consider some roles for media spaces, too. Social structuralism as the latest post-determinism theory, tries to shed light on ambiguities and exaggerations which were presented by instrumentalism and determinism supporters, during the last century, moreover, it confirms the influence of technology on society and asserts that media technologies have emerged from a social historical context. This paper criticizes two main paradigms in communication studies and emphasizes on social structuralism as an alternative theory.

Social media is a title that in recent years refers to the collection sites and tools in the virtual spaces that created by new media such as communication networks, Internet and mobile, is born and have grown. Through social media, social networks have grown substantially in recent years and have been able to attract audience's worldwide scale and heterogeneity. Despite being some of the most important social networks Filter in Iran, the evidence shows that users are entering into these networks are exponentially. The main focus of research on "Facebook" as a social network that command large audiences and develop a questionnaire survey research method to examine the research hypotheses, to analyze factors influencing attitudes among students at public universities in this network. Data analysis showed that the active audience and confidence in local news media and there is the tendency to Facebook. Although relationship between political orientation and the tendency to Facebook wasn't confirmed in this study.

The rapid growth of internet usage over the last two decades has been influencing many aspects of our life and most noticeably the ways in which people communication with each other. One of the manifestations of impact on youth trend can be observed to internet marriage in recent years. The study population consisted of all students in the fields of humanities, Engineering and Science of Isfahan University that with random sampling method 345 were selected. Using survey methods and data extraction and analysis of these results were obtained that individual factor, family, social-cultural, religious, economic and technological trends related to internet marriages among students. Among these factors, social-cultural was the highest and economic lowest trends of internet marriages.

Combining media formats and integrate them in digital formats, media convergence has created major changes in the media industry. This article looks at the definitions of the media convergence by professionals, and introduces the theory of "convergence culture" as a theory of what the new media is? New media culture in the three categories of mobility, participation and identity, has changed the audience. This study enumerates a variety of new activities by TV audiences in the age of convergence and introduces the TV in the age, "participate TV". The question is whether television a "new media" is? At the result, television is evolving media that its new plat-forms are counted new media. Television must be able to interact with new media such as the Internet and social networks to survive and grow in the era of convergence and rise and increase the audience control of the flow of media.

Information technology was able to change all the ways and methods of transforms, exchange, save and management of information. Nowadays, the newest communication technologies have changed the social changes so fast and deep that even the most stable part of human's life which is the culture could not resist and had changed. The mankind has faced serious cultural changes because of the increase in the speed of cultural transfer. Hence, figuring such a landscape in IT area could be positive changes based on cultural favorable solutions.In this article, we are defining culture and IT accompanied with a study on their properties. A study has done, on the relation between culture and IT based on the newest communication technologies (the most important one is Internet).The writer has discussed different viewpoints about Internet and its function and the influence and has shown all disadvantages and damages of this newest technology beside its advantages and capabilities.At last the influence of internet on religious values is shown and studied.

In the last two decades and after the cold war & The emergence of new media, the media structure in most countries have witnessed dramatic changes which was achieved In the 20th century in the press domain and in the 21th century has been generalized comprehensively to the field of audiovisual media and has emerged new look to function and effectiveness of the media. In this article, after assessing various theories about the media, the media ownership structure changes in the world are assessed with focusing on the Radio and TV as an effective media.Referring to the two common patterns of public and private TV and radio broadcasting which replaced the monopoly state broadcasting in the most countries, the article points to the more advantages of this system than the exclusive model. By expressing the views, this article has investigated the experiences of 20 countries in transition from proprietary systems to the of media plurality. Moreover, by focusing on countries which have considerable cultural, political and geographical similarities with Iran, the study briefly indicated how these countries dealt with the challenges of restructuring screening. Finally, media plurality has been introduced as the most efficient media structure to achieve its objectives, including satisfaction of the audience, justified economically and providing national and social interests.