ROOYESH E RAVANSHENASI JOURNAL
Year:2017 | Volume:6 | Issue:3 (20)|Papers Count:13

Environmental and life conditions of human, over years, have caused changes in human behavior and perception, like their physical changes, in line with more consistency with the environment.The behavioral and perceptional adaptations that is the result of sedimentation of past human experiences like predefined patterns affect our perception and behavior, patterns that are transferred through inheritance to future generations and if shared among all human beings, they are called Jungian archetypes. In fact, the collective subconscious, as part of mind, is the place of storage and accumulation of experiences and memories of past generations that contains these adapted traits. What has been addressed in psychological research, is common patterns among human beings, but since the creationof the adaptations depends on the human life circumstances and the condition is sharply different for different countries, so cannot we speak about patterns that are unique to human societies as well? To investigate this question in this research, inductive method and desk studies are taken advantage. Our findings confirm the research hypotheses that is presence of specific patterns of various communities in the collective patterns in human unconscious mind; that is there are patterns in the collective subconscious mind of people of the any race that are not specific to the same race and are not general to all human beings.Therefore, we recommend to use the patterns as resources of human experience in a particular environment in using unconscious mind.

The aim of this study was to compare five-factor model of personality and coping style in artists whom work in the fields of poetry, music, theater and painting with ordinary people.For sampling, groups of artists from artists working in the city's Museum of Contemporary Art, Cultural Center of the Sun and the members of poetry and literature were selected.For ordinary people the simple random sampling was used. Two questionnaires were used to collect information. Which contains short form of NEO personality questionnaire (60 questions) and Lazarus' coping styles questionnaire.Results showed that amongpersonality traits, openness to experience, agreeableness and among coping styles, self-control and problem solving tough on artists and ordinary people is different.According to the scores on these variables, in all these variables, artists scores are higher than normal.

Nowadays, therapies in the field of treatment of hyperactivity / hyperactivity with special exercises to improve the brain' s ability to control eye convergence, eye focus, and eye movement are effective. This treatment is most often done using computer programs. It provides a special combination of visual stimuli in specific patterns. The aim of this study was to investigate the methods of painting based on computer games designed for the purpose of vision- therapy. The present study was carried out with a cognitive-behavioralpsychology approach and group oriented art therapy based on the subject. The results of this study show the effect of continuous and attention-based paintingbased methods in the course of multi-purposeful stages, which are designed based on the goal of vision- therapy therapy. The method leads to enhanced eye focus and increased attention deficit control by improving eye and hand coordination, increasing understanding of proportions and accuracy in detail, increasing eye tracking and focus, and preventing excessive eye movement.

This study has aimed to achieve a qualitative knowledge about Persian articles on“Parent-Adolescent Interaction” over two decays ago. Meta-analysis of these 56 articles, selected from scientific, electronic databases, disclosed that although %93 of all articles was explanatory research, only %7 was exploratory and descriptive one.Also, population of %50 of articles were in big cities, Tehran, Mashhad, Shiraz, and Esfahan, and the number of articles generalized on females were five times morethan males. As a result, there was a bias toward studying female adolescents in four large cities, methodologically. The content analysis of keywords of selected articles represented that only %6 of these studies attend the social dimensions, and about %40 of one consider adolescence as a pathological phenomenon that dissolve by parents. Finally, factors and consequences of “Parent-Adolescent Interaction”, critical points, and suggestion for future researches are discussed.

Stories have been used as the first tools to influence on people' s attitudes and lifestyles, but the mechanisms which the story plays its role plays is an attractive story.The purpose of this study was to study the neuropsychologic effects of the story in the human brain.With the use of modern measurement tools, researchers investigate the parts of the brain when become active they hear stories. In the present study, several sources such as google scholar Psych-Info, Web of Science between2013 and 2017 were used.The results of this study were presented in two parts: first, an integrated pattern of various studies was presented to describe the story's performance. In the second part, Shahrzade as a storyteller (case study) was. In the discussion and conclusion, in addition to examining how the stories used inthe modern world, based on the findings of the research, answered two questions: why stories are attractive and which cognitive factors are responsible for changing the minds of audiences.

In spite of all improvements in understanding of biological and neurological factors of addiction, it is still a general health problem which is followed by personal and social sufferings and imposes a huge burden on individual, family, and society. Addiction (behavior) is likely to begin in adolescence more than any other age group. Brain different developmental pathways including cortical and subcortical regions in adolescents are one of the factors which may result in risky behaviors such as addiction (behaviors) in this age group more than other age groups. Therefore, more studies in order to understand biological and neurological factors in adolescents addiction are necessary since they lead to preventive and therapeutic strategies. This article presents a review of biological models of addiction, brain developments in adolescence, and substance use impact on brain in order to integrate understandings of this age group addiction. Review on literature suggests that lack of balance between development pace of forefront cortical regions and subcortical reward regions is one of the factors which increases disposition to addiction. Also substance use in adolescents may in turn lead to brain changes which increase likelihood of addiction and substance abuse in next years.

The present study using the interpretive approach has been attempts to, from the perspective of the people to understand the meaning of marriage is happiness.The research, qualitative methods.Data were collected using deep interviews were used. The participants of this study, using the sowball method among the Happilymen who knew their marriage, have been selected. Data analysis and presentation to the final theory grounded theory method is used.The result of six categories which are the subcategories are: a happy marriage, happiness in the sense of feeling, spiritual and emotional factors, productive behaviors happiness, of others, and matches.The core concept study "happier marriages result relevance and consistency as much swapping couples in marriage". Which covers other issues. Accordingly, we cansay couples where one or both of them show a high level of communication, as well as their marriage according to the values and personality traits, family and cultural identity for the week, the couples can feel more happiness experience.

The aim of this research was the efficacy of group problem solving training on resiliency, life satisfaction, stress coping strategy, in families of substance abuse disorder. The research method was semi experimental with Pre and Post– Test method with control group. The consisted 32 person selected from refer to Baharan Methadone Maintenance Therapy Center in Esfahan on Autumn 2014 And of their families were invited to participate in research and randomly divided two groups, Experimental (16 person) and Control (16 person) group. Pre-test stage was conducted from two group with resiliency, lifesatisfaction, stress coping strategy questionnaires. The experimental group received seven 90 minute Group Problem Solving Training.Then Post-Test filled out from two group again.The Results showed Group Problem Solving training is effective to decrease avoidance coping skill and emotional coping skills and increase problemoriented coping strategies and life satisfaction (p<0.05) and had was no significant difference in the level of resiliency.The results of the present study indicate that longterm programs designed to teach problem-solving skills to individuals with substance abuse can be recover psychological parameter.

The aim of this study was the investigation of relationship between sexual schemas and sexual health in menopausal women. For this purpose307 menopausal women whom living in Tehran were under investigation. The mean of participants was 55.58 (SD=7.32).The study tools were Bem’s sexual schemas questionnaire, menopausal symptoms checklist and women sexual function scale.The finding suggest that there is a relationship between sexual schemas and sexual health.Masculine and androgenic schemas had a positive relationship with sexual health, and feminine schema had a negative relationship with sexual health.

One major problem that threatens people in today’s society is lack of proper communication and empathetic understanding.Education in the early years of life as the basic periods of character building has an important and great role in learning and stabilizing behavior. Undoubtly children need some skills in order to cope with life stresses and maintain their mental health. Communication skills training, moreover of being a basic element in the development of peace and friendship among people, it’s also suitable for preparingchildren to deal with life stresses.However in the education system, primary school considered as one of the most important educational period. The current study investigates the components of communication skills in social science books of the primary school in 1394-1395. The descriptive method used in this study was content analysis. The textbooks under consideration were fourth, fifth and sixth grade social science books specifically the civic section.The results showed that the most frequent component were going with the population and using verbal and nonverbal skills. Also have been given attentions to other components such as selfintroduction, way of choosing friends, necessity of making friends and finally, writing letters, greeting and visitation training. However self-introduction is less considered in sixth grade books than fourth and fifth grade books. According to this, beside other recent changes in textbooks and integrating social science course with geography and history courses, the importance of this issue became several times greater. Therefore it is suggested that officials and administrators of education institution as the most effective institution in socializing individuals, to include more social concepts based on learning life skills with taking into account the social and cultural backgrounds.Cause incorrect performance of this institution will have a direct impact on the other society institutions. Ifschools do not function properly in socializing people, they won’t educate responsible citizens who are also unaware of their duty as parents which it leads to social disorders.

The purpose of this study was to review the role of interpersonal perception in the analysis of social relations. The method used in this research is descriptiveanalytic review. In recent years, due largely to increased social relations, so that believe a person's success depends on relations with other people. The social psychology of interpersonal perception as one of the variables taken into consideration to improve social relations. Interpersonal perception shows person' s interpretations of events. that this interpretation is derived of a variety of factors including the person's attitude, perception of hisefficacy, his character and the needs and demands; so people depending on the difference in these areas, they have different perceptions, so that people may have different perceptions of one thing and have the same perceptions of a few different things that all effective in their relationships. So using positive interpersonal perception can be effective in social relationships and therefore an increased performance level.

Addiction is one of the most vulnerable social issues that threatens the community, especially the younger generation in earnest. So today, substance abuse and addiction has become a major concern for human being.According to the most widespread problems of addiction and the high cost of the fight against drugs, It seems the prevention ofdrug abuse is a very cost-effective and efficient. In recent years, numerous studies have been carried out in Iran in the etiology and prevention of drug use. In order to improve planning for future research activities, assessment and classification of scientific results in the past decade is essential. In this review we have tried to collect psychological factors associated with addiction that has been achieved in the last 20 years in research of Iran. This study gives insight to professionals and therapists to identify the threat and risk of addiction factors and, if necessary, proposes appropriate interventions.