SEED RESEARCH (JOURNAL OF SEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY)
Year:2012 | Volume:2 | Issue:1|Papers Count:8

One of method for lipid peroxidation reduction in agaed seed is hydropriming which can increase germination and emergence of deterioration seeds. The objective of this research was to evaluate effect of hydro priming on regeneration of deterioration rice grain in Zabol University in 2011. Experiment was conducted based on CRD design with three replicates. Treatments were combinations of  5 levels of grain ageing (0, 48, 72, 96 and 144 hour) and 3 levels of hydro priming (0, 5 and 10 hour). Rice grain of GHAEM cultivar was aged at a high temperature (43oC) and high relative humidity (100%)  and then hydropriming was done by exposing  grain in water for 5 and 10 hours. Results indicated that with increaseinggrain ageing levels, germination components such as germination percent, rate, uniformity, coleoptiles lenght, radicle lenght, seed resource use rate, seed resource use efficiency, seedling dry weight, primary and secondary vigor index decreased, but priming had positive effect. Time to reach 50% of maximum germination increased with ageing, but the time was less in primed grain. In general, hydro priming improved germination characteristics’ of aged grain of rice.

In order to assessment of storage conditions effect on germination traits and vigour of wheat, a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with 4 replications was conducted at Ferdowsi University of  Mashhad in 2010. Treatments were three times of storage (0, 7 and 14 days at 45oC), seed size (small and large) and wheat varieties (Falat, Gaskojen, Sayonze, Pishtaz, Bahar and Tous). Each experimental unit was contained two paper towels (20 × 40 cm) that 25 seeds were placed on it and one paper towel was placed on top. Seed germinated were conducted after 8 days. Then germination percentage, normal percent, shoot length and dry weight determined. Mean germination time (MGT) for treatments calculated separately. The results demonstrated that seed storage had significant effects on wheat germination and vigour. With increasing of storage time MGT 26.6% increased. Storage time had negative effects on germination traits and seedling growth of wheat by reduction of germination percentage (3%), normal seedling (16.2%), shoot length (27.2%) and shoot dry weight (20.3%). MGT and shoot length were the most sensitive measured properties. MGT was more in the small seeds compare to the large seeds after storage. Furthermore, with decreasing wheat seed size, increasing of the aging time resulted to increase MGT and reduced other investigated germination properties. Also storage was drastic effect on small seeds.

Bio-osmopriming is a method to improve biological effects by exertion physiological ameliorations which increase seed germination and prevent seedling disease as well. This experiment conducted to select suitable bacteria to increase seed yield and seedling growth by using suitable seed priming method. This method could affect seed germination and seedling vigour components and bacteria population maintenance on seeds. In this investigation for bio-osmopriming of seeds (Chamran cultivar of Wheat) 10 favourable bacteria strains and -0.6 Mpa osmotic potential of Poly Ethylene Glycols(PEG) 6000 was used, synchronously. Seed treatments effect were investigated on seed germination, seedling vigour criteria (length and weight criteria of seedling vigour and average radicle length), and for evaluating effectiveness of this method, monitoring bacteria population on seed after treatment and during storage is essential .The experiment of seedling vigour was conducted in a completely randomized design with 4 replications and for evaluating  bacteria population on seed completely randomize design was used with factorial arrangement with 5 replications. Results showed that seed treatment with biocontrol agents, as well as PEG did not have significant effect on primary seedling growth, but it was effective on bacteria population on seed until 30 days after treatment. In general, bio-osmopriming was the most effective treatment and resulting in positive and additive effect on all traits.

In order to evaluate the different levels of dominozied on the production of potato mini-tubers by tissue culture in greenhouse condition was conducted a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with 3 replication was conducted in the Ardabil Dashte-Zarin company greenhouse in 2010. The first factor included four levels of dominozied (as plant growth regulator) (0, 40, 80 and 120 mgL-1) and the second factor included five virus-free potato cultivars (Satina, Savalan, Marfona, Agria and Cesear). Plantlate lenght, leaf and stem number per plantlets were recorded during growth period. The analysis of variance showed significant differences between different levels of dominozied on leaf number per plantlate and plantlate lenght under in vitro condition and between cultivars on all evaluated traits except number stem per plant. The interaction effect of dominozied and cultivars showed significant difference as leaf and stem number per plantlate. Dominozied increased leaf and stem number per plantlate of potato cultivars. Cesear and Marfona cultivars had the highest number of leaves per plant at 40 mg L-1 dominozied. The results showed that the dominozied as plant growth regulator increased the number of leaves and stems and decreased distance between nodes of potato plantlates. Reduce the distance between nodes increased the propagation ratio of the plantlates and reduced the production.

In order to determine the best laboratory test for predicting emergence and establishment of mung bean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek Gohar cv.) seedlings at field condition, an experiment was conducted in two stages in Gonbad research station and seed research laboratory by using five seed lots in 2010-2011. Results showed that there were no significant differences among seed lots for standard germination test, and germination rate. But seedling dry weight, seedling length, electrical conductivity test, and germination percentage after accelerated aging showed significant differences among seed lots. The results showed that electrical conductivity test and accelerated aging can predict the percentage of seedling emergence at field, precisely. Therefore, these tests can be suggested for prediction of mung bean seed emergence.

In order to evaluate the different levels of dominozied on the production of potato mini-tubers by tissue culture in greenhouse condition  was conducted a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with 3 replication was conducted in the Ardabil Dashte-Zarin company greenhouse in 2010. The first factor included four levels of dominozied (as plant growth regulator) (0, 40, 80 and 120 mg L-1) and the second factor included five virus-free potato cultivars (Satina, Savalan, Marfona, Agria and Cesear). Plantlate lenght, leaf and stem number per plantlets were recorded during growth period. The analysis of variance showed significant differences between different levels of dominozied on leaf number per plantlate and plantlate lenght under in vitro condition and between cultivars on all evaluated traits except number stem per plant. The interaction effect of dominozied and cultivars showed significant difference as leaf and stem number per plantlate. Dominozied increased leaf and stem number per plantlate of potato cultivars. Cesear and Marfona cultivars had the highest number of leaves per plant at 40 mg L-1 dominozied. The results showed that the dominozied as plant growth regulator increased the number of leaves and stems and decreased distance between nodes of potato plantlates. Reduce the distance between nodes increased the propagation ratio of the plantlates and reduced the production.

Seed priming is one of the seed improvement methods that could increase seed performance (germination and emergence) under stress conditions, such as salinity, temperature and drought stress. In order to study the effect of seed priming on seed germination index and some physiological properties of sweet corn in different levels of salinity, an experiment conducted based on completely randomized design with factorial arrangement with three replications. Sweet corn grain was primed with 2% potassium chloride, 3% potassium nitrate, polyethylene glycol (8000) 10%, potassium dehydrogenate phosphate 1% and one treatment as a control at 20oC for 24 hours and then primed grain were treated with four levels of NaCl concentration (0, 50, 100,150, mM). Results showed that seed priming and salinity had significant effect on germination rate, germination percent and some antioxidants such as catalase and peroxidase. In general, results of this experiment revealed that seed priming improved the seed vigor and increased resistance to salinity stress at germination stage.

Vicia L. one of the important genus of Fabeae tribe andFabaceae family encompasses about 150 to 210 species distributed in Europe, Asia, North America and also the temperate regions of South America and tropical Africa. This crop is used as hay, forage and green manure crops. In order to evaluate seed morphology (relative hilum length, relative positions and distance of the lens to the hilum and hilum shape) seed were collected in 2008-2010. This research was done for the first time in Iran. Based on this study, in the most Vicia species hilum is short and just in 4 species belonging to Sections Crocea, Vicia and Atossa hilum are long and good diagnostic character. Relative positions and distance of the lens to the hilum are the best diagnostic characters in the members of section Hypechusa. Hilum shape (linear) is the proper diagnostic character in V. grandiflora and V. venulosa.