Journal of Jiroft University of Medical Sciences
Year:2022 | Volume:9 | Issue:3|Papers Count:8

Introduction: Breaking bad news in hospitals is a challenging task due to the lack of staff knowledge and skills. This study aimed to determine the knowledge and attitudes of medical and nursing intern students towards breaking bad news in medical universities of Kerman province. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 269 medical and nursing intern students from three medical sciences universities in Kerman province in 2021. The data were collected using a demographic information questionnaire and a questionnaire to assess knowledge and attitudes about breaking bad news that designed by Monagheb and colleagues. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Significance level was considered less than 0. 05. Results: The results of this study showed that the mean score of participant's knowledge and attitude about breaking bad news were 14. 06 ±,2. 3 and 24. 03±,6. 6 respectively. The mean score of participants' knowledge towards breaking bad news was in the range of average. The mean score of participants' attitude towards breaking bad news was in the range of negative attitude. The mean score of medical students' knowledge of breaking bad news was significantly higher than nursing students (p<001). The mean score of nursing students' attitude towards breaking bad news was positive and higher than medical students (p<0. 001). In comparison between universities, knowledge and attitude were significantly different (p<0. 05). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the knowledge of medical and nursing students about breaking bad news is not enough and more training is needed. Considering the more positive attitude of nursing students towards breaking bad news, it is suggested that arrangements be made to use this potential capacity to breaking bad news to patients and their families by training nursing students.

Introduction: Divorce is one of the most important social phenomena that depends on many factors. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and motivational interviewing on symptoms of anxiety sensitivity in divorced women. Materials and Methods: The current study was a quasi-experimental interventional design. The statistical population consisted of 260 divorced women aged 20 to 50. Sixty of the mentioned women were selected based on the inclusion criteria and randomly assign to three groups, cognitive-behavioral therapy, motivational interview therapy, and control group. The instrument of data collection was Reyes and Patterson's Anxiety Sensitivity Questionnaire. For the experimental groups, 12 sessions of 75 minutes were held. No intervention was done for the control group. Before the interventions and at the end of the study, people in all groups filled out the anxiety sensitivity questionnaire. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 25 software and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Results: There was a significant difference in the mean score of the anxiety sensitivity variable between the three groups of cognitive-behavioral therapy, motivational interviewing and the control group (p<0. 05). Also, in the one-by-one comparison of the cognitive-behavioral therapy and motivational interview therapy groups with the control group, there was a significant difference in the post-test stage (p<0. 05). Conclusion: The findings indicate that the methods of cognitive-behavioral therapy and motivational interviewing are effective in reducing anxiety sensitivity in divorced women. It is suggested to use these two methods along with other psychological and pharmacological interventions in order to reduce anxiety sensitivity in divorced women as a clinical intervention.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to investigate the diet and body activity of adults in Lahijan city during Covid-19. Materials and Methods: This study is from descriptive and applicate research. Statistical population of this study consists of all persons in the age of 18-59 years in Lahijan City, that in which they were selected using the Cochran formula and 385 persons were selected in the available method. In order to data collection, P-life questionnaire and sleep quality questionnaire was used and then the data obtained were analyzed with SPSS software version 23. Results: According to the results, there was a significant difference between the frequency distribution of samples in three clusters (healthy, unhealthy and non-change) in terms of food consumption during the pandemic (p < 0. 05). According to the findings, there was a significant relationship between sex and physical activity (p < 0. 05). Conclusion: According to the findings, during the Covid-19 pandemic the percentage of women in the unhealthy cluster was higher than men,for most people who have unhealthy diets,consumption of total food increased more than before,in most people who have reduced unhealthy food habits, consumption of fruits and water was increased than before,in most people who did not change their diet habits, total consumption was unchanged. Also, the amount of physical activity of the samples decreased during the quarantine period and the women had less physical activity than men.

Introduction: Sometimes couples have problems and conflicts in the relationship leading them to divorce, which is a kind of social damage. Emotional divorce is considered as the first step in the divorce process, indicating a declining marital relationship. Although the relationship of many variables with emotional divorce has been determined, it can be useful to identify mediating factors. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to investigate the mediating role of marital expectations in the relationship between emotional divorce and basic psychological needs in health network employees. Materials and Methods: The current research method is a correlational description. Its statistical population is composed of 102 volunteer couple of Mahshahr health and treatment network in 2022 via available sampling method. The participants answered the questionnaire of basic psychological needs, idealization of marriage and emotional divorce. The research data was analyzed using the statistical method of structural equation modeling and SPSS and pls third edition software. Results: The results showed that the direct effect of basic psychological needs on emotional divorce is-0. 258 and marital expectations on emotional divorce is-0. 632, that both of them are significant (P<0. 001). Also, the indirect effect of marital expectations (-0. 33) in the relationship between basic psychological needs and emotional divorce was significant (P<0. 001). Conclusion: In general, it can be said that failure to satisfy basic psychological needs can lead to the formation of special expectations in married people, leading to emotional divorce. Therefore, in premarital educational programs and in couple therapy, paying attention to the role of marital expectations and the basic psychological needs of couples can be important in identifying and treating couple problems.

Introduction: Obesity is the main problem of different societies, especially women, which can cause various diseases. On the other hand, physical activity is effective in controlling and improving obesity. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of concurrent exercise with different volumes and intensities on the effective proteins in the process of sarcopenia and muscle atrophy in obese women over 50 years old. Materials and Methods: Findings: In the group of concurrent training (aerobic/resistance) and concurrent training (resistance/interval), the difference in the mean of myostatinin between pre-test and post-test in both training groups was associated with a significant decrease (p<0. 001). Also, in the group of concurrent exercise (aerobic/resistance) and concurrent exercise (resistance/interval), the amount of follistatin increased significantly (p<0. 001). In inter-group comparison, the effect of none of the training groups was superior to the other on the two measured indicators. . Results: In the concret training group (aerobic / resistance) (p <0. 0001) and the concret training group (resistance / periodic) (p <0. 0001), the difference between the mean myostatin between pre-test and posttest in both training groups was significantly reduced. Was Also in the group of concorent training (aerobic / resistance) (p <0. 0001) and concarrent training (resistance / periodic) (p <0. 0001), the amount of myostatin was significantly increased. In comparison between groups, none of the training groups were superior to each other. Conclusion: Concrete exercises with different intensities and volumes can activate the muscle growth pathway in obese people and improve their health by reducing myostatin and increasing follicatin.

Introduction: Breastfeeding is a natural and standard way to feed all newborns, and it is especially important for late preterm babies. However, breastfeeding in this group of infants is challenging and the factors affecting their nutrition are complex and there are still many uncertainties in this regard. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of determining the views of mothers of late preterm babies regarding the facilitating factors and barriers to breastfeeding. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on the mothers of late preterm infants hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit of the Iran hospital in Iranshahr. A total of 150 eligible samples were selected by simple random method. The tool for data collection was a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of three parts of demographic characteristics, facilitating and inhibiting factors of breastfeeding, which was completed through interviews with mothers at the time of discharge. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS V21 software with chi-square test. Results: The findings showed that the three factors that facilitate breastfeeding, in order of highest frequency, include the mother's previous breastfeeding experiences (%56), support from family members (%37. 3), and the presence of facilities needed by mothers in the ward (%27. 4). The three %barriers, in the order of the highest frequency, include multiple diseases or discomfort in the baby (%88. 7), lack of breastfeeding facilities (%80), and mother's stress due to the baby's clinical conditions (%49. 3). Conclusion: According to the results, strengthening the previous experiences of mothers in breastfeeding which increases their self-efficacy and supporting them by the treatment team and family and providing breastfeeding facilities in the ward can be effective in facilitating breastfeeding in late preterm babies.

Introduction: Smoking men expose their wives to cigarette smoke,secondhand smoke is associated with many complications. The present study was conducted in order to investigate the knowledge and perception of male smokers regarding the effects of secondhand smoke during pregnancy. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, the sample size was 140 male smokers with pregnant wives who referred to Isfahan health centers to receive pregnancy care. The tool used in this study was a researcher-made questionnaire regarding knowledge, attitude, perceived sensitivity and perceived severity of men regarding second-hand smoke. The validity of the instrument was confirmed by the panel of experts and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha of 0. 85. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 20 software and correlation tests, ANOVA and t-test with a significance level of less than 0. 05. Results: The mean age of male participants was 35. 34±, 6. 03 years. The mean score of awareness (2. 97±, 2. 47), emotional dimension of attitude (9. 62±, 2. 09), perceived sensitivity (27. 83±, 5. 45) and perceived intensity (27. 76±, 6. 01) regarding the side effects of second-hand smoke, the value was lower than the mean and was evaluated in an unfavorable condition. Men's old age, men's low education, low economic status were related to low perceived intensity (p>0. 05). Conclusion: The level of knowledge and perceptions of male smokers regarding the effects of secondhand smoke was low. Men's old age, men's low education, and low economic status are the risk factors that reduce men's perceptions of the dangers of second-hand smoke. Therefore, educational packages should be prepared and presented according to these factors and according to the level of education and perception of these people.

Introduction: Actual and Perceived Motor Competence are important correlates of participation in physical activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the perception of motor competence (PMC) and the actual motor competence (AMC) of primary school children. Materials and Methods: The study method is cross-sectional and descriptive-analytical. The statistical population of the study was children aged 7 to 10 who were active in sports clubs in Ahvaz. 652 children were selected through multi-stage cluster sampling from eight districts of Ahvaz city. AMC was assessed with the Test of Gross Motor Development-3rd Edition and PMC was assessed with the pictorial scale of Perceived Movement Skills Competence Test. Data were analyzed through student t-test for independent samples and Pearson correlation coefficient with SPSS version 24 software at a significance level of 0. 05. Results: The correlation coefficient between actual and perceived locomotor subtests was positive and significant (r(0. 652)=0. 258, p=0. 001). Also, between the actual and perceived object control subtests, the correlation coefficient was positive and significant (r(0. 652)=0. 251, p=0. 001). In the total score of actual and perceived motor competence tests, the correlation coefficient was positive and significant (r(0. 652)=0. 318, p=0. 001). In the performance of actual and perceived object control subtests and the total score of actual and perceived motor competence tests, gender differences were observed in favor of boys (p<0. 05). Conclusion: The positive correlation between actual and perceived motor competence indicates that children have accurate perception as a result of the development of cognitive skills needed to evaluate their competence. Considering the existence of gender differences and the weaker performance of girls, it is necessary to design intervention programs for them.