BREEDING AND AQUACULTURE SCIENCES QUARTERLY
Year:2013 | Volume:1 | Issue:1|Papers Count:8

A 7-week feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary commercial Prebiotic A-Max, a mixture of mannan oligosaccharides, fructo oligosaccharides and beta glucan, on growth performance, survival and body composition of juvenile Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). After acclimation, fish (initial weight of 6.37±0.21 g) were placed into 12 tanks (20 fish per tank). Basal diet were supplemented with 0 (control), 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 g kg-1 A-Max in a totally randomized design trial in triplicate groups. At the end of the trial, growth factors, survival and body composition were assessed. Juveniles fed 1.5 g kg-1 A-Max displayed significantly higher final weight (FW), body weight increase (BWI), protein efficiency ratio (PER), biomass gain and significantly lower feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to the control group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in survival rate among all treatment groups (P>0.05). At the end of the trial, protein carcass were significantly higher in 1.5 g kg-1 A-Max (P<0.05), whereas body lipid and ash were not affected by dietary treatments (P>0.05). The results showed that the addition of 1.5 g kg-1 Prebiotic A-Max to the diet of Rainbow trout juveniles improving growth performance, feeding efficiency and body composition.

This study aimed to get the effect of Probiotics Bactocell, on growth and was survival Baby Huso Huso. For this purpose, 1200 piece baby elephant fish with an average weight of 50 grams in 4 treatments (treatment 1: ppm 50, group 2: ppm 100, group 3: ppm 150 and a control), each with three replicates for 75 days (includes two phases: a month From) were raised. During the course of the experiment, bioassays were performed every 15 days. The results showed that the specific growth rate and final weight of Hoso Hoso treatments were higher than the control. And mortality rate and feed conversion, however, showed less Bactocell also compared between diets high levels of performance more survival of juvenile great sturgeon.

In study of genetic variation of Pike (Esox lucius), the 30 sample fish were collated in 2 station (Mazandaran, Gilan). A piece of soft fin (3-5 g) of pectoral were separated and fixed in alcohol of 96 percent. DNA was extracted by phenol-chloroform method. The quality and quantity of DNA were determinate by spectrophotometer and 1 percent gets Agaroz of electrophoresis. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) by thermocycler using primers sequencing, CDL-D and PIDL showed polymorphs. The results indicate 9 Haplotypes in Gilan samples and 5 Haplotypes in Mazandaran samples. The most and the least genetic distance was found 0.0004-0.027. The most genetic differences (Fst=0.27) was gotten between samples of Mazandaran station and Gilan station. The results have shown that, in the different stations, sampling of Esox Lucius genetically had different genetic group but this genetic differentiation hadn't any significant difference.

Pike Esox lucius, is a freshwater widespread fish, which has a huge feeding range. Spawning period starts in late February-early April, at 8-12oC water temperature in the Anzali Wetland. There has been very little investigation of the genetic population structure of this species in coastal habitats in the Caspian. Totally Sixty specimens of mature pikes collected from Anzali Wetland during winter and spring seasons. Five sets of microsatellite primers tested on genomic DNA.Analyses revealed that average of alleles per locus was 10.8 (range 9 to 13 alleles per locus in seasons). All sampled seasons contained private alleles. Average observed and expected heterozygosity was 0.907 and 0.885 respectively. Deviations from H-W equilibrium were in most cases. Basis on AMOVA for both FST, RST and Nm values among pairs them indicated a significant difference between the populations (P<0.01). The results show that there were different reproductive populations in Anzali Wetland in the seasons thorough which the sampling has been conducted.

In this study 17-alpha-methyl testosterone were exposed to Cichlid Kaliko (Labeotropheous foellobroni) in two stages of development i.e. prior to maturity (larvae) and after puberty (brood stock). The influence of sex hormone on the larvae was also performed. The first group includes the larvae under the four treatments (0, 50, 100, 250) mg per kg of food and hormones that brood stock group also included four treatments (0, 100, 250, 400) mg per kg food three replicates were performed in a period of 30 days. hormone to the evaporation of ethanol was added to fish food. Results showed that treatments had a significant difference in fish growth (P<.0.01), which correlates with increased amounts of 17 alpha-methyl testosterone is a hormone.In group I, the larvae of the data and compare different parameters of male modeling, losses, SGR and ADG case was analyzed results showed that treatment C 250 mg testosterone/ kg food with a mortality rate of 48.3 percent of the average 85.7 percent male single male fish to produce the highest compared with other treatments that will produce economic justification. Research revealed that 17alpha methyl testosterone can effects on Calico fish sex changes in both larval and Brood stock stages.

Starvation periods during initial stages of fish feeding and growth can affect on survival and growth indices. In order to surveying on effects of starvation and compensation growth in common carp Cyprinus Carpio fry a 2 month study has conducted on fry with initial weight 0.551±0.027g and length 3.43±0.02cm. Fry were examined in 5 groups with each 3 replicates. Fish were treated alternately with 0h (control), 24h (treatment1), 48h (treatment2), 72h (treatment3), 96h (treatment4) feeding and starvation intervals. Results showed significant difference in final weight and length (p<0.05). The maximum length and weight was observed in control as 2.124±0.038g and 5.78±0.09cm, respectively. Elongating the starvation period, the final body weight decreased significantly. Percent body weight increase, condition factor, daily growth rate and specific growth rate showed significant difference (p<0.05) too. Control had the maximum percent body weight increase, daily and specific growth rate. The survival rate of control group was significantly more than treatments 1 to 4. In this research there was no significant difference in body composition (p>0.05). Results showed that elongating the starvation period, the power of compensation growth mechanism decreases in common carp fry.

This study was aimed to determination of the optimum temperature of Angel fish Pterophyllum scalare eggs incubation. In order to the investigation, a total of 6 treatments were chosen, with the varied incubation temperatures included 24, 26, 28, 30, 32 and 34oC, respectively, and each treatments with three replicate. Pre-mated pairs were held in tanks (50 l) 28±1 oC, pH 7.5-8.3, hardness lees than 170±10 mg/lit for 35 days. The obtained eggs were transferred to incubator and four main indices including the egg incubation period, survival rate, hatching rate and deformed larvae were examined. The obtained results indicated that the optimum temperature for Angel eggs incubation is between 28 to 30 oC, which decreased incubation period, mortality rate and deformed larvae and increased the hatching rate. Also the results revealed that the 34 °C shows significant shortest time for incubation with 60.9±1.8 h (P<0.05). The results showed that increasing or decreasing in temperature than the optimum range, causes an increasing in mortality rate, which the highest recorded mortality rates were observed in 24oC (23.6±4.8 %) and 34 oC (34.7±5.6 %; P<0.05). The highest hatching rate (96.4±1.1 %) and the lowest deformed larvae (0.3%) were observed in 28oC (P<0.05). As conclusion, the optimum temperature of incubator significantly decreased incubation period, mortality rate and deformed larvae and increased hatching rate in Angel fish, which is important for the aquarium fishes hatcheries in terms of time and economic efficiency.

Fish larvae culture is one of the most sensitive phases in production of most fish species. The most important problem is providing suitable and high quality feed which is acceptable, digestible and causes lower mortality and higher growth. In this study three diets (SFK+Enzyme (Lypase, Pepsin, Trypsin), SFK and Gamarus in 3 treatments with 3 replication for common carp larvae during 30 days were prepared in each replication. 800 larvae with average weight 5±0.5mg distributed. Biometry of fishes was conducted every 6 days and data about weight, length, food conversion ratio, specific growth rate and survival were recorded. At the end of the trial, blood sampling was conducted with incision of tail peduncle for analyzing of biochemical blood parameters. Results showed that larvae fed SFK+Enzyme had better and significant growth than those fed SFK and Gamarus (p<0.05). Survival was greater than 70% and did not observe any significant differences among tratments (p<0.05). biochemical blood parameters showed that larvae fed SFK+Enzyme or gamarus had higher and more significant Glucose, Albumin and TP than fish fed SFK(p<0.05). IGM and ALP contents were higher and significant in fish fed Gamaros than others (p<0.05). ALT, AST, C3, C4, CPK and BUN did not indicate any significant differences among treatments (p>0.05).