Journal of Aquaculture Development
Year:2019 | Volume:12 | Issue:4 |Papers Count:10

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of different levels of two commercial prebiotic A-Max and celmanax liquid different levels of common carp fry on growth performance, nutritional efficiency and resistance to stresses of ammonia, thermal, Acidic (pH = 2) and basic (pH = 12) challenges in carps fry for 60 days. For this purpose, 1560 fish fry with average mean weight 1. 23 ± 0. 885(g) (± SD) were obtained and, transferred to the laboratory. After 7 days adaptation to the laboratory conditionsو the fish fry were randomly divided in to 13 experimental treatments with three replications (12 treatments and the control). The fish were fed with four concentration, 0. 3, 0. 5, 0. 7 and 1 g. kg-1 of two prebiotic A-Max and celmanax liquid, separated separately and mixed. Length and weight of fish were measured at the beginning and end of the study. Also, at the end of study, the fish were challenged with environmental stress. The results showed that addition of 1 g. kg-1 probiotic A-Max with compared to other levels significantly increased the final weight, weight gain, longitudinal variation coefficient, specific growth rate, survival percentage, food efficiency, protein ratio, fatty ratio And the optimum amount of food conversion ratio and the least amount of food intake (p <0. 05). While the maximum final length and length increase in the treatment containing 0. 7 g. kg-1 and the highest daily mean growth were recorded in treatments containing 0. 5 and 0. 7 g. kg-1 of celmanax liquid (p <0. 05). The addition of A-Max and celmanax liquid prebiotics to the diet increased Frys resistance against the challenge tests. (P <0. 05). Finally, the present results suggest that diet containing 1 g. kg-1 A-Max Compared to similar levels of celmanax liquid and mix these two probiotics could improve growth, feed parameters and resistance time to the challenge test of Cyprinus carpio Frys.

In recent decades, the reproduction and production of Coldwater fish investment has been increasing in Iran. One of the most important concerns in the fisheries management is the determining of suitable areas for sustainable development. The aim of this study was about the zoning suitable areas for construction Coldwater fish sites in Chelevand’ s River by using a combination of hierarchical process analysis and geographic information system. In this study, the main criteria for Coldwater fish’ s suitable areas including biological, socioeconomic and ecological criteria’ s identified and used available resources and fisheries experts for criteria’ s standards. Then criteria’ s evaluated and weighed by fisheries experts in 36 questionnaires. Then questionnaires analyzed by AHP method and paired comparison and also, criteria’ s weighted, standardization of maps and overlapped in the ARCGIS 9. 3 software. The results showed that water quality, Safe activity and hydrology with 0. 135, 0. 125 and 0. 123, respectively were the most important criteria’ s. The study identified 47% of Choland River Marginal lands in Guilan province is the most suitable for construction Coldwater fish sites, which has the potential for planning for aquaculture development in this area.

The aim of this research was to study the biological parameters, primary and secondary production assessments and fish production capacity in Azad Sanandaj reservoir. In this study, planktonic and macro invertebrates accompanied with chlorophyll a measurements were conducted in one year trial from June 2015 to June 2016. Phytoplankton were gathered with water bottle sampler in three layers; surface, mid and near-bottom layers, zooplankton were collected by plankton net, determining the initial production capacity in the reservoir by measuring the chlorophyll content and studying its macrobenthos by bottom grab sampler to investigate episodes and infusions. Data showed that chlorophyll a concentration was 3. 5± 0. 5 mg. m2; the highest mean was in winter with 8. 8± 1. 4 mg. m2 and its lowest average in summer with 0. 6 ± 1. 0 mg. m2. Fish production capacity, based on the primary production (328g. m3 with 168 g. m3 dry weight) was estimated of 218 kg/hectare. The composition and species diversity of phytoplankton showed that 54 species were identified in the Azad Sanandaj reservoir. In this study, six groups of phytoplankton; Bacillariophyta, Chrysophyta, Pyrophyta, Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta and Euglenophyta were identified with 20, 1, 9, 6, 16, and 2 species, respectively. Also, the annual average of phytoplankton was 13. 4± 2. 10 ind. m3 and 7. 7± 3. 3 mg. m3. Zooplankton species composition was 25 species belonged to the three groups; Copepods, Cladocera and Rotatoria, the last with 18 species dominant throughout the year. The average zooplankton abundance was recorded with 8333± 20658 ind. m3. The macrobenthos in Azad Sanandaj reservoir was belonged to only one group, Oligochaeta, its average abundance and biomass were 1145. 5± 847 ind. m2 and 4. 1± 2. 8 g. m2. The findings of this research indicated oligotrophic and oligomesotrophic of the reservoir in which it seems to be changed into eutotroph due to increase of aquaculture activity in future. According to the primary production, the lake can produce 222 kg of fish.

In this study, the effects of dietary administration of different levels of Cumin (Cuminum cyminum) ethanolic extract on some digestive enzymes activities and some serum parameters of Common carp juveniles (Ciprinus carpio) were examined. For this purpose, 150 juveniles of C. carpio (mean weight: 20. 3± 0. 89 g) were randomly distributed in fifteen 300 liters fiberglass tanks (10 fish per tank). Five isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets were provided to contain 0 (as a control), 0. 5, 1, 1. 5 and 2. 0 % of ethanolic Cumin extract. The fish were fed 3 times daily at 8: 00, 13: 00 and 17: 00 based on satiation method for 8 weeks. At the end of the experimental period, the levels of digestive enzymes activities (Amylase, Lipase and Alkaline phosphatase) and some serum parameters (total protein, albumin, glucose, cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglyceride, calcium, phosphorus) were analyzed. According to the results of these study, addition of different levels of Cumin ethanolic extract to juveniles of Common carp diet, significantly enhanced the digestive enzymes activities (Amylase, Lipase and Alkaline phosphatase) in treatments groups in comparison with the control group (P<0/05). In serum total protein, albumin, glucose and cholesterol in fish fed by cumin extract supplemented diets. Also, adding cumin extract to diet of C. carpio juveniles significantly (P<0. 05) led to an increasing trend on serum phosphorus levels. There was not any significant difference between treated groups and the control group for calcium, triglyceride, LDL and HDL concentration. The levels of serum triglyceride and LDL in treatments groups were decreased. With increasing of cumin ethanolic extract also the levels of serum HDL and calcium in treatments groups were increased but these differences were not significant (P>0. 05). According to the results of present study, diets containing cumin extract particularly in high doses can improve digestive enzymes activity and serum parameters of juveniles of Common carp. The treatment contain 1. 5% ethanolic extract of Cumin seed has been suggested as the most appropriate supplementary level in the diet of juveniles Common carp (C. carpio).

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of synbiotic Biomin Imbo, on growth performance, feed efficiency, survival, carcass composition and some hematological indices of kutum fingerlings. The experiment designed using a completely randomized scheme in 4 treatments, including 0, 0. 5, 1 and 1. 5 g/kg synbiotic in diet. 480 fish were fed for 60 days with the above treatments and then sampling to the different treatments was conducted to evaluate the mentioned factors. The results showed that the synbiotic Biomin Imbo could improve some growth performance as gain weight, percentage of gain weight, length and specific growth rate as well. The results of this study suggest that a synbiotic supplement Biomin Imbo significantly affect carcass composition of Kutum (P>0/05), increase in carcass protein and decrease in carcass fat, although the effect on the amount of dry matter and body ash was not significant (P<0. 05). 1 and 1. 5 g/kg of synbiotic in diet confirmed significant increase total white cells, hematocrit, hemoglobin and lymphocyte percentage as a non-specific immune parameters. The results of this study showed that a synbiotic Biomin Imbo can be used as a dietary supplement for improving growth and feed efficiency as well as a stimulus for non-specific defense system of Kutum.

Considering the increasing use of nanoparticles and their release in the aquatic environment, the danger to the environment is likely to endanger the environment. The aim of this study was to investigate tissue accumulation of silver nanoparticles and their impact on survival in edible fish common carp (Cyprinus carpio). For this purpose, over a period of 60 days, the fish exposed to different concentrations of silver nanoparticles (0, 0. 025, 0. 05, 0. 1 and 0. 2 ppm). Adaptation period was considered during 2 weeks. 25 pieces of common carp were taken in each tank and the experiment was performed with five treatments and three replications. At the end of the treatment period, results from the accumulation of silver nanoparticles in gill and muscle tissues, show significant differences between treatments. With increasing concentrations of silver nanoparticles, tissue accumulation in different tissues increased (p<0. 05), however 0. 2 ppm of nanosilver showed highest accumulation in all tissues. The highest accumulation was observed in the muscle tissue and the lowest in the gills. The results of survival at the end of 60 days treated showed a slight decline with increasing concentrations of nanoparticles, and the difference between control treatment and 0. 2 nanosilver group was significant (p>0. 05). It seems that the presence of silver nanoparticles, both as environmental pollutants and for the purpose of using nanoparticle nanoscale, results in tissue accumulation, especially in the internal tissues of fish, and has a negligible negative effect on aquatic survival. Given that fish, especially common carp, have a specific place in the human food chain, it is very important to prevent the introduction of these new substances into the food chain or the environment of the inhabitants of the aquatic ecosystems. On the other hand, the use of nanoparticle technology is not recommended as a treatment for aquatic diseases.

Because of pigments, vitamins, fatty acids and proteins and high nutrition value, micro-algae's have important role in aquaculture. Many researchers have done in micro-algae's recently. Hence in this study that was done in aquaculture research center of Marine Ecology of Persian Gulf and Oman sea Institute, we investigated the effects of water extracts of three macroscopic algae, including green (Ulva lactuca, Enthromorpha intistialis), Brown (Colpo meniasinuosa Sargassum illicifoliu) and Red (Gracilaria corticata Hypnea valentiea) on Growth rate, Chlorophyll a, and carotenoid of microalgae (Nanochloropsis oculata). After collecting from Persian Gulf coastal waters samples were washed dried and extracted. Extracts were cultured in two phases the complementary and replace with F2 culture media for 14 days. The results showed that water extracts have higher density, specific growth index and carotenoid content in S. illicifolium as a complementary and lower result in H. valentieas a replacement with significant differences (P<0. 05). Minimum, Chlorophyll a has been observed in E. intistialis treatment and maximum in S. illicifolium treatment with significant differences (P<0. 05). Maximum carotenoid in S. illicifolium treatment and Minimum in H. valentiea treatment with significant differences (P<0. 05). Finally it can be concluded that this algae extracts can be used as an auxiliary and rich maker in improvement of these parameters.

The aim of this study was evaluated the effect of red pepper and ginger addition to the diet on growth, feed, survival rate and body composition parameters of Astronotus ocellatus fish. In this research, 4 different treatments with 3 replication such as control treatment (commercial feed with no additional supplement), red pepper (55 mg/kg), ginger (1%) and mix of red pepper and ginger with same quantity were done. In this survey 132 fish with initial weight of 2. 44± 0. 06 gr used. All of fishes were fed 3 times per day according to 5 % of fishes body weight for 8 weeks. Results showed that growth parameters such as FBW, SGR and %BWI had significant differences between different treatments (P<0. 05), but separated red pepper and ginger treatments had a better performance than control treatment. Nutritional parameters showed that FI, FE and PER had significant differences between different treatments (P<0. 05), but red pepper treatment had a better performance than other treatments. Also, ginger and mix of red pepper and ginger treatments had lower performance than control treatment. There was significant differences between body composition factors of different treatments (P<0. 05), but red pepper treatment had a better performance than other treatments. There is highest and significant differences of survival rate belong to red pepper treatment (P<0. 05). According to these results, red pepper treatment with best mention performance suggested as appropriate treatment for Oscar ornamental fish culture.

Common bream (Abramis brama orientalis) is one of the valuable bony fish of Caspian Sea and Aras Lake. In the present study parasite infections of Common bream in Alagol Lake have been studied. In this regard, 31 fish specimens were considered for abdominal cavity parasite study. After biometry and parasite isolation, final detection of parasites species was done in Iranian National Parasitology Museum, faculty of veterinary medicine of the Tehran University. According to the result 2 nematodes parasite including Eustrongylides excisus and Anisakis simplex and 2 trematode parasites including Asymphyllodora tinca and Pronoprymna ventricosa were isolated from abdominal cavity of specimens. Result showed 58% of specimens were infected with parasite that Asymphyllodora tinca has highest prevalence and intensity of parasites and Eustrongylides excisus has lowest prevalence and intensity of parasites in this study. In this study Anisakis and Eustrogylides because of their zoonotic properties are most important in human health so in this regard, health hazards should be considered by consumers.

From February 2013 to January 2014, the feeding habits of Trichurus lepturus in coastal waters of Bushehr, along the south coast of Iran in the Persian Gulf were studied by monthly sampling and stomach content analysis. In study area, T. lepturus was euryphagous, which fed on fishes, crustacean (shrimp) and Molluscs (cephalopoda) as 82, 9 and 9 percent respectively, among which, Atule mate (accounting for 57. 20), Clupeidae and Upeneus sulphureus were the main prey components. Gastro-Somatic Index (GaSI), indicating the highest level in the month of February (1. 41%) and lowest level in April (0. 98%). In this study Cannibalism were seen during the autumn and winter season in the cutlass fishes that can be attributed to the high abundance of this species in the ecosystem and feeding behavior cumulative in the coastal waters of the Persian Gulf.