Introduction: Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases with a high prevalence of complications, including psychological problems, as well as personal, family, and social communication issues. This research aimed to predict psychological symptoms in type II diabetes patients based on self-efficacy, quality of life, and self-compassion. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted based on a descriptivecorrelation method. The statistical population of the study included all women and men suffering from type II diabetes referring to the specialized diabetes center of Taleghani Hospital in Kermanshah in 2022. The samples (n=150) were selected by the available sampling method. The required data were collected using questionnaires, namely the General Self-Efficacy Scale, Quality of Life Questionnaire, Self-Compassion Scale, and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression using the simultaneous entry method. Results: The results showed that there was a negative and significant correlation between self-compassion score and psychological health in type 2 diabetes patients (r=-0. 47, P<0. 05). A significant relationship was observed between the feeling of self-efficacy (r=-0. 67, P<0. 05) and quality of life (r=-0. 61, P<0. 05) and psychological health in type 2 diabetes patients. The regression analysis also showed that 34% of the variance of the psychological symptoms score of diabetic patients could be explained based on predictor variables. Conclusion: The results of our study revealed that there was a negative and significant relationship between the self-compassion score and psychological symptoms in patients with type II diabetes, in such a way that with an increase in the average self-compassion score, the depression, anxiety, and stress scores decrease and vice versa.