Journal of Jiroft University of Medical Sciences
Year:2023 | Volume:10 | Issue:3|Papers Count:8

Introduction: The trends of diseases and population have changed in the last three decades and it is necessary that the current services of the country's health field be adapted to the needs of the people in the present and near future. This change in Sistan and Baluchistan province, as the least privileged province of the country, is facing many challenges that have not been dealt with purposefully. The purpose of this study was to extract managers' experiences of the new challenges in the field of health in the least privileged province of the country. Materials and Methods: The current study was of a qualitative type that was conducted in 2022. The samples were selected through purposeful and snowball methods. Data collection method included conducting semi-structured in-depth interview on 30 people based on the decision of the managers of the health field. Data analysis was conducted manually and through the contractual content analysis method. Results: In the analysis of the interviews, four main categories (management factors, political and social factors, ministerial and country factors, resources) and eight sub categories (Management challenges, administrative challenges, external factors, provincial conditions, the overview of the Ministry of Home Affairs, legislative challenges, lack of financial resources, lack of human resources) were extracted. Conclusion: Less privileged provinces are not in good conditions in development indicators. Based on the results of this research, it can be concluded that appropriate education, service quality, financial support, permanent, and expert human resources are the factors that will help resolve the challenges in this university.

Introduction: Job burnout is a work-related psychological harm that causes emotional problems, reduced personal success, and depersonalization. This study aims to investigate the factors contributing to job burnout among health workers in, Iranshahr City in 1400. Materials and Methods: This descriptive analytical study surveyed 150 male and female health workers in Iranshahr City. All participants enrolled in this study using the census method. A two-part questionnaire was applied to collect data, the first part of which gathered demographic information,while the second part concerned with the Maslach Burnout Inventory. SPSS statistical software, version 21 was utilized for data analysis with the implementation of paired t-tests, independent sample t-tests, and one-way analysis of variance. Results: It was revealed that job burnout was average in health workers. There was a statistically significant difference (p<0. 05) in personal performance intensity scores between various age groups,but the intensity of emotional exhaustion and job depersonalization dimensions did not exhibit any significant difference among age groups (p>0. 05). Moreover, there was no significant relationship between job burnout dimensions and the duration of residence in a place among individuals (p>0. 05). Conclusion: Preventing the impact of burnout is crucial for enhancing the lives of patients and improving overall performance within the healthcare system. Attention must be given to eliminating and managing factors that contribute to job burnout.

Introduction: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common chronic mental disorders diagnosed in children. There is clear evidence that some environmental factors such as the exposure of mother to chemicals during pregnancy, premature birth, environmental toxins, and various diseases such as bacterial diseases and encephalitis are strongly associated with ADHD. The aim of this study is to investigate the environmental factors influencing the development of ADHD from the toxicology perspective. Materials and Methods: In this review article, we searched the relevant articles up to June 2023 in various databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, using relevant keywords. We included all articles that related to the influencing factors in the review process. Results: The investigation showed that various toxic factors such as smoking, alcohol, pesticides, bisphenol A, mycotoxins, phthalates, heavy metals, and food additives have an effect in causing ADHD, and in the case of many toxins, the results of different studies are contradictory. Conclusion: This review shows an important role for some of the investigated pollutants in increasing the risk of ADHD symptoms. These factors can affect neurodevelopmental processes and neurotransmitter systems, and contribute to ADHD symptoms. It is not possible to draw firm conclusions about the relationship between certain chemicals and ADHD,and therefore more research is required to find stronger evidence of the relationship or lack of relationship between exposure to certain chemicals and this disorder.

Introduction: Since the inception of human history, women have played a serious role in the protection, use and management of natural resources. They play an essential role in the health and sustainable development of their communities and countries, as well as in preserving the earth's ecosystems, biodiversity and natural resources. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the level of awareness of the consequences of water consumption among women in Yazd city in 2022. Materials and Methods: This study is of cross-sectional-descriptive type carried out in the year 2022. The sample size was 350 women who visited health centers in Yazd city. The data collection tool was a standard questionnaire for measuring awareness of the consequences of water consumption. The data was analyzed through SPSS software version 24 using descriptive statistics, analysis of variance and independent t-test at a significance level of 0. 05. Results: The average age of the studied women was 33. 05±3. 62. The mean and standard deviation of the awareness score of the consequences of water consumption was 19. 25±4. 67 and 53% of women in Yazd city were in a poor state of awareness. There was a significant relationship between the score of awareness of the consequences of water consumption and the level of education (P<0. 05). The most important sources of information were radio and television, and in the second place, health center staff. Conclusion: Considering the low level of knowledge of the studied women in the field of the consequences of water consumption, it is necessary to hold classes and workshops by responsible organizations such as ABFA, municipality and health centers.

Introduction: Mitochondrial collapse caused by oxidative stress is one of the important factors of insulin resistance. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise and berberine chloride on the indices of mitochondrial regeneration and biogenesis of visceral adipose tissue in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: 32 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=8): diabetes (DM), diabetes-berberine (BDM), diabetes-aerobic exercise (TDM), diabetes-aerobic exercise-berberine (TBDM). Diabetes was induced by STZ injection in male rats. Berberine chloride (30 mg/kg/day) was administered orally by gavage once a day. The exercise groups performed an incremental aerobic exercise program (10-18 m/min, 10-40 min/day, and five days/week) on a treadmill for six weeks. Gene expression levels of SIRT1 and AMPK factors in visceral adipose tissue were measured using Real time-PCR method. Data analysis was conducted using one-way analysis of variance and if significant, Tukey's post hoc test was used at a significance level of p<0. 05. Results: Data analysis showed that there is a significant difference in the expression of SIRT1 (p<0. 05) and AMPK (p<0. 05) genes among the groups. Furthermore, the results showed that the expression of SIRT1 gene in the diabetes-exercise group (p<0. 05) and diabetes-exercise-berberine chloride (p<0. 05) had a significant increase compared to the diabetes group. Berberine chloride alone could not significantly increase SIRT1 gene expression compared to the diabetic group (p>0. 05). Also, the expression of AMPK gene in diabetes-exercise (p<0. 05), diabetes-berberine chloride (p<0. 05) and diabetes-exercise-berberine chloride (p<0. 05) groups had a significant increase compared to the diabetes group. Conclusion: Based on the above findings, it is possible that the simultaneous effect of exercise and berberine chloride could inhibit oxidative stress and inflammation caused by diabetes through the AMPK-SIRT1-PPARγ pathway.

Introduction: Adolescence is a period in which, due to changes in maturity, values and identity crisis, the possibility of psychological and behavioral problems in people increases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of narrative therapy on mental vitality and executive functions among adolescent girls aged 13 to 18 in Isfahan city. Materials and Methods: The research method was semi-experimental including a pre-test-post-test design with a control group and a 2-month follow-up phase. The statistical population included all adolescent girls aged 13 to 18 in Isfahan city in 2022. Through the available sampling method 40 people were selected from among teenage girls aged 13 to 18 referring to the welfare centers of the 2nd and 3rd regions of Isfahan city, according to the entry and exit criteria and answering the questions of the questionnaires. They were placed by a simple random method in two experimental (20 people) and control (20 people) groups. The research tools were Ryan and Frederick and Kolich neuro-psychology questionnaires. The experimental group was exposed to 8 sessions of 90-minute narrative therapy intervention based on Gerald de Manck's protocol,while the control group was on the waiting list. The data were analyzed using SPSS-23 software and at two descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and inferential (variance analysis with repeated measurements) levels (p<0. 001). Results: The mean and standard deviation of the mental vitality scores in the post-test stage were 25. 95±3. 92 in the experimental group and 19. 55±2. 91 in the control group. The mean and standard deviation of the executive function scores in the post-test stage were 17/30±3. 21 in the experimental group and 29. 40 ± 4. 60 in the control group. The findings showed that the average scores of mental vitality had increased significantly compared to the control group and the scores of executive functions in its subscales had decreased compared to the control group (p<0/001). Conclusion: Based on the findings of present research, it can be concluded that narrative therapy has a significant effect on increasing the mental vitality and improving the executive functions of adolescent girls in Isfahan city. Therefore, it is necessary to use narrative therapy training as one of the ways to improve the psychological factors of our adolescent girl’s generation in educational centers and administrators of our country.

Introduction: Heart failure is one of the common and significant diseases worldwide, associated with serious outcomes such as mortality and hospitalization. Sodium restriction in patients’ diet is a common intervention in managing this condition. This systematic review examines the impact of sodium restriction on the rate of mortality and hospitalization in heart failure patients. Materials and Methods: Through a systematic search, international databases including PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane were searched for relevant articles without time restrictions. The quality of the articles was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Data were statistically analyzed using a random-effects model and the CMA software version 3. Results: Six studies with a total sample size of 2450 individuals were included in the analysis. Sodium restriction in the diet did not have a significant impact on mortality among heart failure patients. The odds ratio for mortality in this group was 2. 2, with a 95% confidence interval ranging from 0. 9 to 5. 4. Furthermore, sodium restriction did not have a significant effect on the occurrence of hospitalization due to heart failure (odds ratio 1. 2 with a 95% confidence interval of 0. 4 to 3. 3). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, sodium restriction in the diet of heart failure patients did not have a significant impact on the rate of mortality and hospitalization. These findings can assist healthcare professionals and nutritionists in providing better recommendations to patients. Additionally, these results can contribute to significant decision-making in improving the care of heart failure patients.