PAJOUHAN SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL
Year:2015 | Volume:13 | Issue:2|Papers Count:6

Introduction: Nowadays, cancer is one of the most important health concerns in modern societies. The application of nanoparticles has resulted in new possibilities for the diagnosis, tumor imaging and treatment of human cancers.Methods: Gathering and collecting of data have been done from 56 researches conducted on the structure of types of nanoparticles and their applications in diagnostics, imaging and drug delivery systems for the treatment of cancer.Results: The inorganic nanoparticles such as quantum dots, which have a central core of magnetic properties, can be used for the detection and imaging of tumors, as well as the organic nanoparticle systems such as liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, aptamers, dendrimers and nanobody in different drug-ligands. Aptamers are the oligonucleotids or peptides that bind to the protein or certain targets. Various applications of aptamers include diagnostics, therapeutics, molecular imaging and drug delivery. Moreover, nanobodies are of antibody like molecules which are widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.Conclusion: Although there are some challenges and limitations on the use of nanoparticles in medicine, it is hoped that in the near future, nanoparticles create tremendous revolutionary not only in the oncology but also in medicine. The current paper is an overview of the application of organic and inorganic nanoparticles in diagnosis and treatment of the neoplasm.

Introduction: Despite progress in health and medical sciences, human lice are still considered as a health problem. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with its pediculosis in Central Prison of Hamadan in 2013.Methods: In this descriptive and analytical cross sectional study, from 2900 male prisoners, 384 were selected by the systematic method. After reviewing in terms of pediculosis infection, the extracted data were analyzed by using SPSS version 20 software.Results: The study showed that 5.2% of the prisoner was infected with louse. Most infections were observed in the age group of 30-39 years old, and the lowest in the group of 20 years old and less (P>0.05). The highest rate of pediculosis was seen in the people had drug addiction, and buying and selling, no specific bed, common use of bed and blankets, bath once and less per week (P<0.05). Comparison of Age, a period of imprisonment, level of education and number of prisoners in room, between healthy and infected people showed no significant difference (P>0.05). Most cases of infected with lice were in the head (85%), body (10%) and pubic (5%).Conclusion: Considering the results of this study, it can be said that the conditions of the prison, including density, the type of crime and lack of hygiene and the use of personal devices are highly associated with the prevalence of pediculosis.

Introduction: Quality care and client satisfaction are of major priority in health services. Compliance of patient rights causes their satisfaction; therefore, it is one of health care preferences and unavoidable necessities. Considering this issue and importance of quality control of cares, this study was accomplished in order to determine quality of performance of patient’s rights by surgical and anesthesia staff at Hamadan’s educational hospitals in 2012.Methods: This descriptive analytic research was conducted on all surgical and anesthesia staff as well as operating room of the educational hospitals (205 people). Required information was gathered through four checklists of the performance of patient’s rights in different sections including reception, surgery room (surgical and anesthesia staff) and recovery. Each one of the staff was observed five times. In order to analyze the data, SPSS software version 16 and chi-square test were used.Results: Mean score of patient’s rights compliance in reception, surgical and anesthesia staff, and recovery sections were, respectively, 70, 56.3, 57 and 55 of total score of the pertinent checklists. Patient’s rights compliance in all parts were in moderate level (50.2), and had significant relation with sex (P=0.03) and part (P=0.01).Conclusion: The performance of patient’s rights in operating room of Hamadan educational hospitals was average in 2012. Based on the results, appropriate measures should be performed in aspects of introduction of HCWs, selection of anesthetic technique, giving necessary information, respect to patient privacy and obtaining specific surgical consent.

Introduction: Expectancy acts as a basis for dealing with problems in human. Early schemas are beliefs that people have about themselves and others and environment and generally stem from not satisfying basic essentials, particularly emotional needs, in childhood. The aim of this study was to determine relationship between life expectancy and early maladaptive schemas in the mothers of children with intellectual disability and also the relation between life expectancy and each determined schema was investigated.Methods: This descriptive, analytical, cross-sectional study was performed on 50 mothers, who were selected through available sampling referring to rehabilitation centers of Kermanshah City in 2014, with intellectual disabled children in. The questionnaires of life expectancy and early maladaptive schemas were used for data gathering. The information obtained was analyzed by regression analysis through SPSS version 22.Results: The results of regression analysis showed significant relationship between social isolation scheme (P=0.002), impaired limits schema (P=0.007) and other-directedness schema (P=0.003) with life expectancy in mothers of children with intellectual disability. There was not significant relationship between other schemas and life expectancy.Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between other-directedness schema and impaired limits and social isolation schemas in the mothers of children with intellectual disability and life expectancy. Indeed, the more sensible are these schemas, the more life expectancy is projected for the mothers. Thus, these schemas can be used to enhance the life expectancy of the mothers of children with intellectual disability.

Introduction: One domain of morphology is inflection that adds syntactic considerations to the words. This domain is affected in individuals with language disorders. Thus, evaluation of inflection in these people is important. In this study, methods of verb tense inflection evaluation were compared and the best method was determined.Methods: This study was descriptive-analytical. The participants included 27 girls and 28 boys who were in age group 3 and 4 years old. They were selected by the cluster sampling method from Rasht’s kindergartens. Eight tasks were used for evaluating verb tense inflection, includingtwo optional tasks, question task, sentence completion 1, sentence completion 2, immediate repetition, modeling 1, modeling 2, and storycompletion. The tenses evaluated included: past simple, present perfect, past continuous, past perfect, simplepresentand, present subjunctive. The results of the study were analyzed using central tendency including the mean, measures of variability: standard deviation (or variance), the minimum and maximum values of the variables and repeated measures with the use of SPSS 16.Results: The mean scores of immediate repetition were more than others, but it was abandoned because of inefficiency. Thus story completion (mean: 22 and standard deviation 4.14) was chosen as the best method. Also, the results of repeated measures showed that the scores of other methods had significant difference with story completion (P<0.001).Conclusion: Considering the result of this study, it can be said that in the eight methods, story completion is better for assessing of verb tense inflection.

Introduction: Evaluation is the most sufficient approach to improve the quality of education. In order to reach this goal, there have been many tools that one of them is logbook. Present study aims to estimate the effect of using logbook on students’ satisfaction and clinical evaluation in Hamadan University of Medical Sciences in 2013.Methods: In this interventional study, 33 students were involved. The assessment content and face validity of the statistical forms and the questionnaire were approved by the members of the faculty. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was obtained 97.0 for forms and 91.0 for questionnaires. The results were compared. Data was analyzed by SPSS 16 with T-test and Pearson correlation coefficient.Results: Mean score of students’ satisfaction from evaluation by logbook was 2.55±0.62, mean score of students’ self-evaluation was 2.96±1.03, evaluation score of first instructor was 2.81±1.03, evaluation score of the second instructor was 2.74±1.01 and also evaluation score of both instructors was 2.77±1.01. The results showed significant correlation, between students’ self-evaluation scores and evaluation scores of both instructors, between student’s satisfaction and their mean self-evaluation scores, between students’ self-evaluation and evaluation score of both instructors and students’ academic marks. However there was a significant inverse correlation, between student’s satisfaction and evaluation score of both instructors (P<0.05).Conclusion: According to the students’ satisfaction of using logbook and the same scores of self-assessment between students and teachers, one can suggest this approach in clinical education owing to its effectiveness, objectiveness and acceptability.