Journal of Clinical Research in Paramedical Sciences
Year:2015 | Volume:3 | Issue:4|Papers Count:12

Background: Brucellosis is a common infection among humans and animals that called zoonosis. The disease is common especially in Middle East countries such as Iran. The aim of this study was to investigate of demographic characteristics, clinical signs and results of serologic tests in brucellosis hospitalized patients in Kermanshah, 2006-2011.Methods: In this descriptive cross sectional study, 305 hospitalized patients were investigated. A questionnaire about demographic characteristic clinical signs and laboratory findings was filled in. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20.Results: Of 305 patients, 163 cases (53.4%) were male. The mean age of patients was 36.66 years old. The most of common age group was 11-20 (20.3%). The most contagious seasons were summer and spring (64.6%). 16.1% of patients had a history of animal contact and consumption of unpasteurized dairy products. The most common sign were skeletal pain, myalgia and arthralgia (81%). Disease was more common among housewives (37.1%). According to results of serologic tests, the majority of the patients had wright test titer ≥1.80 (93.4%) and 2ME test titer ≥1.40 (88.2%), respectively.Conclusion: Prevention and education programs are necessary to reduce the economic and social problems resulting from brucellosis.

Background: Nowadays, the use of complementary medicine alongside other treatments for relaxation and balance hemodynamics in cardiovascular patients is stressed. Thus, the present study was performed to comparing of the effect of reflexive and strock massages on anxiety in patients with myocardial infarction.Methods: This clinical trial was performed on 105 patients who were randomly assigned to three groups: reflexive massages, strock massages and control groups. Each patient in the stroke and reflexive massage groups in both the morning and afternoon in one day was under massage for 15 minutes. In control group no specific action occurred except routine care and measuring anxiety in both morning and evening time. The amount of anxiety was measured before the massage in morning and 20 minute after massage in evening by Spilberger standard questioner.Results: In stroke and reflexive massage groups, significant differences was seen between anxiety before and after the massage (P<0.05). But the decrease level of anxiety in the stroke massage group was more. In control group there was no significant differences between morning and evening level of anxiety.Conclusion: The results showed that stroke massage is more effective in reducing anxiety. Therefore, we suggest the use of it alongside other routine care of hospitalized patients to reduce anxiety and tension.

Background: Hygienic factors in under-five-year-old individuals play an important role in the public health conditions. Also, fungal diseases are very important and having enough information about the diversity and frequency of them in these ages deserves special attention in health systems. The main goal of this study was investigating epidemiology of fungal infections in the infants under 5 years old in referred patients to medical mycology laboratory in the special clinic of Kermanshah University of medical Sciences in 1993-2011.Methods: All of the infant's ≤ 5 years old, referred to special clinic of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences for diagnosis of fungal diseases, were examined through direct microscopic examination and culture of samples. Data were analyzed and showed using descriptive tables and diagrams.Results: Among 2370 studied samples, 936 people (39%) had fungal disease. Dermatophytosis was the most prevalent disease (%82). The highest rates of the disease were in the age groups of 4 to 5 years old (%25) while the least were seen in under one year olds (%13). The most and least cases were seen in the winter (%37) and summer (%17), respectively. The disease rate in the infants under 5 years old has decreased in the recent years. T. Verrucosum was the most species distinct (%40.3) and the least were T. Schoenleinii and A.Niger each having only one instance observed (%0.3). In the cases of dermatophytosis, the most and the least common locations of body infection were the head (%48) and the nail (%0.03), respectively.Conclusion: Based upon the results, it is concluded that elevation of health information in people about fungal disease has resulted in its significant decrease in infants in recent years.

Background: Glasgow coma scale is considered as the common measuring tool of consciousness level. However, its utilization has been criticized in some cases and the use of alternative tools for determining consciousness level is recommended. So, this study was conducted to analyze correlation between the instruments with physiological indicators for determining the altered level of consciousness in adult patients with brain damage.Method: This study was descriptive-correlation and it was performed in the Intensive Care Units (ICU). The population was adult patients with brain damage who were hospitalized in ICUs. They were studied with simple method while selected by inclusion criteria. Data were analyzed by SPSS 16.Results: In the second hour after investigation, there was a significant correlation between systolic blood pressure and the two measures of Glasgow Coma Scale (P=0.002) and Full Outline of Unresponsiveness (P=0.001). In addition, for 10th and 12th time points both measures had significant correlation (P<0.001) with diastolic blood pressure. Furthermore, at other time points the two measures significantly correlated with physiological indicators (Systolic pressure, Diastolic pressure, Mean arterial pressure and Respiratory rate) (P<0.001).Heart rate had no significant relationship with the two instruments (P>0.05). There was a significant and positive relationship between Glasgow Coma Scale and Full Outline of Unresponsiveness at all-time points (r>0.947, P<0.001).Conclusions: The Full Outline of Unresponsiveness was considered as preferred instrument for determining altered level of consciousness of patients with brain damage as a result of its higher correlation with Physiological indicators for determining the altered level of consciousness during the time.

Background: Social Security and lifestyle play a major role in the quality of life and happiness. So This study aims at to determining e the relationship between social security and life style with and quality of life and happiness in of the Kermanshah city women's women in Kermanshah.Methods: Correlation coefficient was used in this study. search method is correlation .study population consisted of all women in Kermanshah. Three hundred eighty four women were selected by multi- stage cluster sampling. Data collection tools were questionnaire of social security, lifestyle, quality of life and happiness. Data was analyzed, using descriptive statistics, and Pearson's correlation test, multiple regression¬ analysis and analysis of variance by SPSS-19 software.Results: The results showed that there is (0.43) relationship between social security with quality of life and happiness. also there is a relationship between life style and quality of life (-0.58) and between life style and happiness (-0.54) that in are significant at the level of, P˂0.001 is significance. Regression analysis also indicated that variables of social security and lifestyle Together, Able to can explain 36% of the variance in of Happiness and these variables, respectively with the beta factor of 0.27, -0.43are able to predict happiness with the beta factor of 0.27 and -0.43 respectively and also Lifestyle and Social Security are predictors of the quality of life respectively with the beta factor of 0.24 and, -0.049 are predictors of quality of life. Respectively.Conclusion: Based upon the according to search results of the study, any every measures taken to improve social security and life style, will enhance the quality of life and happiness.

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic infection that can occur in burn and immunocompromised patients causing several clinical problems for specialists. Most of infection caused by this organism are associated with production of alginate exopolysaccharide and biofilm formation in targets which can increase drug resistance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of alginate among multidrug resistant P. aeruginosa isolated from Qazvin and Tehran hospitals.Methods: In total, 115 clinical P. aeruginosa isolates were collected from educational hospitals of Qazvin and Tehran hospitals during 2012 to 2014. Antimicrobial susceptibility was further determined by disk agar diffusion method. PCR and sequencing assays were performed for detection of algD gene among MDR isolates.Results: Results of this study showed 94(81.7%) of MDR isolates were positive for the presence of algD gene. The positive isolates were mostly obtained from blood samples (28.7%) and patients admitted in ICUs (36.5%).Conclusion: These findings showed the high prevalence of algD among MDR P. aeruginosa isolated from admitted patients in studied hospitals. According to clinical importance of these isolates, using an appropriate infection control policy and therapeutic strategy is necessary.

Background: Autism syndrome is a complex neurological disorder. The main causes of autism disorder is not fully understood. However, the results of some studies indicated that change in serum level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has role in autism etiology but, amount and how to change of this factor in not clear today. The aim of this study was to determine the serum levels of BDNF and its relation with repetitive behaviors test in autistic newborn rats.Methods: In this study we used 15 virgin female rats that divided into 2 case and control groups; for inducing of autism in their newborns, they exposed to Valporic acid on 12.5 of pregnancy. For measuring serum levels of BDNF and evaluation of repetitive behaviors, we used elisa method and Maze Y test, respectively.Results: The results of this study indicated that in autistic rats, median of BDNF serum levels is significantly increase in compare to the control group (P<0.001). Also, in female rats, serum levels of BDNF is significantly higher than male rats (P<0.01). There wasn’t significant relation between serum levels of BDNF and repetitive behaviors (P=0.23).Conclusion: In summary, we concluded that serum levels of BDNF has change in autism syndrome and it can has role in etiology of this disorder. However, according to conflicting results of studies about serum levels of BDNF and it relation with severity of this disorder, more research recommended.

Background: Chronic disease self-management program is one important way to improve and enhance self-care. This study aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of the program on self-efficacy of patients with coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.Methods: This clinical trial, as a before and after approach, was performed on 46 patients with a history of coronary artery bypass graft surgery referred to cardiac rehabilitation units of Imam Ali hospital. Sampling was based on a convenience method. Education was performed based on chronic disease self-management. Data was collected by general self-efficacy questionnaire and demographic form. Then, the data was analyzed with chi-square test and repeated measures of ANOVA using SPSS software version 21.Results: The finding showed that most participants were men, married and living in Kermanshah. After conducting the program, the average score of the participants’ self-efficacy showed improvement, but the difference was not significant.Conclusion: This study demonstrates that chronic disease self-management program for patients is not effective.

Background: Total fertility rate has fallen below the replacement level in several provinces of the Islamic Republic of Iran, including Kermanshah. The aim of this study was to investigate fertility trends, in 5-year birth cohorts in Kermanshah.Methods: In this survey, using multi stage random sampling, fertility trend of married women born in 1956-95 were assessed in eight birth cohorts. Linear regression with least squares method was used to evaluate the relationship between marriage age and child number.Results: The number of children born by women before the age of 35, has decreased from 4.05 to 2.41 among women born in 1956-60 and 1971-75 respectively. There was an inverse relationship between age at marriage and the number of children in women of up to 40 years old (r= -0.5; P<0.02).Conclusion: According to the findings on this research, it is predicted that the speed of fertility slope reduction will be decreased.

Background: Noise, is one of the most common sources of occupational diseases, which has a physical nature studied in various forms. Since few studies have been conducted on some of these forms, such as the calculation of sound spectrum level, the present study was done to assess the balance of spectrum in Crepenaz textile factory.Methods: In this study, first, Pykanol Hall in Crepenaz factory, which is the most important location in terms of noise production, was set up into 286 sound stations with 6 in 6 meters wide for each one. In addition, noise levels have also been studied. The sound pressure is measured using a sound level meter and subsequently frequency analysis was performed in the stations with the level of noise more than 85 dB. In the third step, with calculation of the balance of spectrum in these stations, an opportunity was provided to facilitate the comparison of the extent of the risk exposure in the stations.Results: Of 286 sound stations, only 73 were active. In seven stations, the sound pressure level was more than 85 dB. A comparison between sound levels was subsequently provided and carried out.Conclusion: The present study demonstrated a distribution of sound pressure levels in the different parts of the factory. The sound control in this work place was provided through determining the stations with high sound levels and calculating the sound levels.

One of the most important side effects in hemodialysis patients is cardiovascular diseases. Selenium has an important role in reducing of atherosclerosis due to participation in structure of anti-oxidant enzymes. This study was to determine serum levels of selenium and plasma lipids in hemodialysis patients who referred to Imam Reza hospital. In this study we measured serum level of selenium, triglyceride, cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL). Serum level of selenium in patients was significantly lower than control group (P<0.01). Also, serum level of LDL, triglyceride and cholesterol in patients was significantly higher than control group (P<0.01). The results of this study can develop this hypothesis that selenium as a medicine can reduce rate of cardiovascular diseases in hemodialysis patients.