Avicenna Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care
Year:2024 | Volume:32 | Issue:2|Papers Count:8

2Background and Objective: Psychological childbirth trauma occurs as a result of physical or psychological traumatic experiences during labor and delivery, and the mother shows a response in the form of fear, despair, loss of control, helplessness, and panic. It can also cause complications in the postpartum period, such as disrupting the relationship between mother and child and communication with her husband in the future. The present study was conducted to investigate the level of psychological childbirth trauma and the related factors in primiparous women in the teaching hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in 2022. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 484 primiparous women in the Midwifery Department of educational hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in 2022. The data collection tool included a demographic profile form and the Psychological Childbirth Trauma Questionnaire. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 21 software, and descriptive statistical tests (mean, standard deviation, number, and percentage) and regression were used. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The average score for the total psychological childbirth trauma was obtained at 45.52 ± 18.51, and the average score for anxiety and hotness of childbirth, psychological manifestations, helplessness, collapse, sense of death, and physical manifestations was 16.31 ± 7.44, 11.20 ± 4.97, 9.73 ± 4.80, 3.82 ± 1.67, 4.46 ± 2.06, and 4.46 ± 2.06, respectively. There was a significant relationship between psychological childbirth trauma and family income level (P=0.030), unwanted pregnancy (P<0.001), primiparous birth (P<0.001), and newborn APCAR score (P=0.001). Conclusion: Considering the incidence of postpartum psychological trauma and the existence of a relationship between first birth, family income level, unwanted pregnancy, and the APCAR score of the newborn, healthcare workers should identify women at risk of postpartum psychological trauma as soon as possible and prevent the occurrence of resulting injuries by performing preventive measures and early interventions.

2Background and Objective: It is necessary to carry out urgent interventions to improve the general health of pre-hospital emergency personnel. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of virtual stress management training on the general health of pre-hospital emergency personnel. Materials and Methods: In this semi-experimental study conducted in 2022 in Jiroft City, Iran, 160 pre-hospital emergency personnel were randomly selected and divided into two intervention and control groups by simple random allocation (lottery). The educational content of stress management was held for eight sessions of 45 minutes (two sessions per week) for the intervention group virtually and online via the Adobe Connect application. The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) was completed in two stages, before the intervention and one month after the completion of the intervention, in both groups. Using SPSS software (version 20), descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (ANCOVA) were used for data analysis. Results: The post-test results indicated a significant difference between the two groups in the overall score of general health (46.13±15.10 in the control group versus 34.50±12.63 in the intervention group). Moreover, after the intervention, the overall score of general health and its subscales decreased significantly only in the intervention group (P<0.001). Conclusion: The implementation of the stress management virtual training program helps to improve the general health of pre-hospital emergency personnel. Therefore, it is recommended to be used as an effective method for empowering human resources.

2Background and Objective: Childbirth is a momentous event in a woman's existence, symbolizing the culmination of the reproductive process and the initiation of the maternal role. To describe and correlate the characteristics of pregnant Tausug women, factors affecting their childbirth, and the preferred methods of childbirth delivery. Materials and Methods: A descriptive-correlational study was conducted on Tausug pregnant women in Jolo, Sulu (n=120), who were selected using stratified simple random sampling guided by a criterion. A valid and reliable three-part instrument was completed by the participants face-to-face and online mode after ensuring informed consent and ethics approval. The collected data were analyzed using frequency distribution, mean, standard deviation, Cramer's V, and Pearson's r at 0.05 level of significance. Results: It was found that parents and relatives, decision-making autonomy, cultural and religious beliefs, transportation, proximity to the hospital, and financial capabilities all affect childbirth decisions (WM=3.17). Tausug mothers choose vaginal delivery because of cultural beliefs, personal experiences, and family and partner preferences (WM=3.73). The number of births (r=0.41; P=0.01) and factors affecting childbirth delivery (r=0.35; P=0.05) had a significant relationship with the preferred methods of childbirth delivery. Conclusion: Mothers' preferred delivery method and factors affecting childbirth are crucial for ensuring the health and meeting the high-quality healthcare requirements of mothers during the delivery process. Healthcare providers should be aware of the cultural and religious beliefs that may influence childbirth decisions.

2Background and Objective: Diabetes Mellitus is known as one of the most common chronic metabolic diseases worldwide, so the aim of this systematic review is to determine the prevalence of depression in people with type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: This study is a systematic review and metaanalysis by examining Scientific Information Database (SID), Medline (PubMed), ScienceDirect and Google Scholar without time limit starting until May 2023. Results: the prevalence of depression in type 2 diabetes patients in Iran was reported to be 51.7% (CI: 44.4-59, 95%). With the increase in the sample size, the prevalence of depression in sufferers increases (P<0.001) and with the increase in the years of studies and the age of pregnant women, the prevalence decreases (P<0.001). Conclusion: The results of the present study show that the prevalence of depression in people with type 2 diabetes in Iran is at a high level, and it is necessary for the purposeful implementation of preventive measures and to reach lower levels, the attention of health policymakers to the quality of life of people with diabetes and also mental problems and their behavior should be directed in addition to therapeutic measures.

2Background and Objective: The present study aimed to determine the effect of mindfulness group training on anxiety, stress, and depression in mothers with children with learning disabilities. Materials and Methods: A clinical trial was performed with the participation of 60 mothers with children suffering from learning disabilities in 2021 in Qazvin City, Iran. The participants were divided into control and intervention groups. The data was collected using a demographic data checklist and the 21-item Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) questionnaire three times (before the intervention, immediately after the sessions, and two months after the intervention). The intervention group received eight sessions of 90 minutes of mindfulness group training. The gathered data was imported into R software (version 4.1.0) and subjected to repeated measures of analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the paired t-test or Wilcoxon test. Results: The results indicated that the average scores of stress, anxiety, and depression before the interventions in the mothers in both groups had no meaningful differences. This intervention could significantly increase the stress, anxiety, and depression in mothers with children with learning disabilities in two months of follow-up after the intervention in the test group, in comparison with the control group, and shows a meaningful statistical difference (P˂0.05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that mindfulness group training is influential on the amount of stress, anxiety, and depression in mothers with children suffering from learning disabilities. Therefore, it is recommended to use the conclusions of the current investigation in designing therapeutic and educational programs to reduce the psychological distress of parents with children suffering from learning disabilities.

2Background and Objective: One aspect of nurses' working lives affected by head nurses' leadership style is job satisfaction, which can change the quality of nursing services. The present study aimed to assess the association of head nurses' authentic leadership style with nurses' job satisfaction and the quality of nursing services at educational-therapeutic centers of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences. Materials and Methods: The current cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 2019. A total of 295 nurses and 885 patients were selected using the stratified random sampling method. The data collection tools included four questionnaires: a demographic characteristics form, the Authentic Leadership Questionnaire (ALQ) by Walumbwa, The Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ), and the SERVQUAL service quality questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 24). Results: The application of the authentic leadership style by head nurses, job satisfaction of nurses, and the quality of nursing services obtained mean scores of 3.75, 3.45, and 3.83, respectively, demonstrating that they were at a moderate level. Head nurses' authentic leadership style showed a significant and weak relationship with nurses' job satisfaction (r=0.1, P=0.002) and perceived quality of nursing services (r=0.11, P=0001). Moreover, nurses' job satisfaction was weakly correlated with the quality of nursing services (r=0.16, p=0.001). Conclusion: Considering the weak but significant relationship between the variables, the authorities can take effective measures to improve job satisfaction and the quality of nursing services.

2Background and Objective: Education is one of the most basic methods of prevention, treatment, and control of chronic diseases, including diabetes. Telephone follow-up plays an effective role not only in reducing costs but also in providing nursing care and patients’ self-efficacy. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of telenursing training and follow-up on the self-efficacy and quality of life of diabetic pregnant patients referred to the Fatemieh Hamadan Education-Treatment Center during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2022. Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial study, 83 mothers with diabetes were randomly divided into two control and intervention groups. The research tool was a 3-part questionnaire including a demographic/disease information form, Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy Scale, and quality of life of diabetic patients. Initially, in the first meeting, both groups completed the questionnaire. In the intervention group, an in-person training session was held first. Telephone follow-up with training was done immediately after discharge, twice a week in the first month and once a week in the second month in the intervention group. Then, at the end of the intervention, the questionnaire was completed again by both test and control groups. SPSS version 23 software was used for data analysis. Results: The average self-efficacy and quality of life in both groups did not show a statistically significant difference before the intervention. After providing training to the intervention group, the average self-efficacy and quality of life in one month and two months later improved significantly compared to the control group (P<0.001). Conclusion: It seems that telephone follow-up, owing to its accessibility, can be used as a method of follow-up on training pregnant mothers with diabetes.

2Background and Objective: In the present study, the factors related to the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine by the parents of children aged 5-12 years were investigated. Materials and Methods: This web-based cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 340 parents of children aged 5-12 in Bojnord City in 2022. The data collection tool included the demographic profile form and the attitude and awareness form about the COVID-19 vaccine for children. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, chi-squared, and independent t-tests. Results: More than 60% of parents did not want to vaccinate their children against COVID-19. Most parents declared the danger of the vaccine as their most important concern (45.9%). Besides, most parents evaluated their knowledge and awareness about the COVID-19 disease and its vaccine at an average level (57.4%). There was no significant relationship between the level of knowledge and awareness of parents and their acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine (P<0.05). There was a significant relationship between the indicators of gender, age, education, and especially the level of trust in the health and treatment system with the willingness of parents to vaccinate their children (P<0.05). Conclusion: It seems that concern about the safety of COVID-19 vaccines for children and lack of trust in the healthcare system are among the main reasons for the undesirable acceptance of the vaccine by parents. Public health interventions should focus on the improvement of the trust of people in the healthcare system and also the implementation of educational campaigns to address demographic factors that contribute to vaccine hesitancy.