Journal of Research on Religion and Health
Year:2024 | Volume:10 | Issue:3|Papers Count:11

As we know, the Holy Quran is the final divine book and the eternal miracle of the Prophet of Islam, peace be upon him. One aspect of the miracle of this heavenly book is its comprehensive meaning and content. As the Quran states, this book contains the explanation of all things, an explanation in the sense of revealing and clarifying.

Background and Objective: The Arbaeen Walk tradition has emerged as an annual religious event throughout the history of Shiism. The purpose of the current research is to understand the lived experience of pilgrims during the Arbaeen pilgrimage. Methods: This research uses the qualitative paradigm and interpretive phenomenological method. The statistical population included the pilgrims of the Arbaeen, out of whom 39 pilgrims were selected as the statistical sample by available sampling. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview. In order to analyze the data, inductive content analysis based on open coding was used. Results: The results indicate that, according to the pilgrims, the health factors that are effective in the Arbaeen Walk, which cause their satisfaction to decrease during this route, include the lack of drinks (lack of drinking water, lack of ice), lack of medical and health items (lack of medicine, lack of examination beds), lack of education for pilgrims before the trip through the media (pre-trip education), weak hygiene and cleanliness (bathroom, toilet and poor hygiene), lack of new facilities (difficulties in obtaining passports, lack of ancillary facilities, lack of accommodation), the problems related to processions (management of processions, obtaining medical license for cooks), lack of cultural advertising, chaotic and crowded borders, poor government management, the high cost of rent, and lack of information and guide for pilgrims. Finally, among these obstacles, the biggest obstacles from the point of view of pilgrims are the lack of drinks, the high cost of transportation, and poor hygiene and cleanliness. Conclusion: Based on the findings, it can be said that providing all kinds of health and medical services to visitors can help to improve the health level of visitors.

Background and Objective: Paying attention to improving the quality of life is important in the health of the individual, family and society. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of examining the mediating role of cognitive emotional regulation in the relationship between spiritual experiences and the quality of married life. Methods: The method used in the current research was descriptive-correlational and involved path analysis. The research population included all married people, men and women, referring to cultural centers and community centers in five districts of Tehran in the second six months of 2022. 150 people were selected from the statistical population by available sampling method. And they responded to the questionnaires of spiritual experiences (Underwood & Tersi,(2002), cognitive regulation of emotions (Gross and John, 2003), and quality of marital life (Busby et al, 1995). The research model and relationships between variables were analyzed using SPSS version 22 software and AMOS software. Results: The results showed the direct effect of spiritual experiences on the cognitive regulation of emotion (P < 0.01 and β = 0.30), the direct effect of cognitive regulation of emotion on the quality of married life (P < 0.01 and β = 0.52), and the direct effect of spiritual experiences on the quality of married life (P<0.01 and β=0.37). Also, the cognitive regulation of emotion had a significant mediating role in the relationship between spiritual experiences (P<0.05 and Z=2.08) and the quality of married life (P<0.05). Conclusion: Based on the results of the research, it can be concluded that with the promotion of spiritual experiences, the ability to regulate emotions increases, and then the quality of married life increases.

Background and Objective: Suicide is the second leading cause of death worldwide and has always been one of the major public health concerns, and investigating the effective factors in it has an important role in the social and health growth and development of societies. Therefore, the research was conducted with the aim of predicting suicidal ideation in female students based on attachment style with the mediating role of spiritual well-being. Methods: The current descriptive-correlational research was of the structural equation modeling type. All female students studying in the second secondary level of public schools in Tehran in the academic year 2023 constituted the statistical population of the research, out of whom, 250 were selected based on the inclusion criteria and using the multi-stage cluster random sampling method. The participants responded to the Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire (Beck et al., 1979), the Attachment Questionnaire (Hazen & Shiver, 1987), and the Spiritual Health Questionnaire (Polotzin & Ellison, 1982). The data were analyzed by Pearson correlation, structural equation modeling and bootstrap, and using SPSS-v26 and AMOS-v28 software. In the present study, all ethical considerations were observed and the authors reported no conflict of interest. Results: The results of the conceptual model test showed that the fit indices of the research model were in a favorable condition (RMSEA=0.069 & P<0.05). The results showed that secure attachment, avoidant attachment and ambivalent attachment had a direct and significant effect on suicidal ideation (P<0.05). Also, the hypothesis proposed in connection with the existence of an indirect effect of attachment style on suicidal ideation with the mediation of spiritual well-being was confirmed (P<0.05). Conclusion: The present study provides mental health professionals with a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms involved in the relationship between developmental-developmental structures, spiritual health, and the tendency to suicidal ideation among female students.

Background and Objective: Iranian-Islamic identity is one of the most important psychological constructs and encompasses a set of positive attitudes toward national, religious, cultural, and social values that influence all aspects and behaviors of a person. According to theories, the best period for identity formation is adolescence, and the most significant asset for identity construction is girls and women in society. Therefore, understanding the identity formation of adolescent girls and discovering strategies for it can form the foundation of Iranian-Islamic identity for all individuals in the community. Methods: In this qualitative study, the interviewees were purposefully selected from the trainees of the Neda Center (Movement of Imam's Daughters), aged 14 to 21. The Social Identity Scale was administered to them, and those who obtained very good scores participated in semi-structured interviews until data saturation was reached, with a total of 7 participants. The interviews focused on their lived experiences from 3 to 7 years regarding their adolescence and the Iranian-Islamic identity formation years at the Neda Center. Data analysis was conducted using the Colaizzi method. Results: From the analysis of the data, 7 core themes, 20 main categories, and 103 subcategories were extracted. The core categories include: enhancing insight, religious education, revolutionary role-taking, strengthening social agency, skills development, talent cultivation, and guidance, which constitute the main factors affecting Iranian-Islamic identity formation. Conclusion: Based on the results of this research and examination of the factors influencing Iranian-Islamic identity formation, it appears that efficient identity formation models should encompass significant factors such as enhancing insight, religious education, revolutionary role-taking, strengthening social agency, skills development, talent cultivation, and guidance.

Background and Objective: Discovering the interaction of psychological structures and the collective effect on attitudes towards marriage in our society seems to be a vital issue and addresses a significant gap in psychology and marital counseling. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship of self-esteem and spiritual intelligence with fear of marriage in college students with the mediation of mental toughness. Methods: The present study was descriptive-correlational in nature. The statistical population comprised all male and female students at the Islamic Azad University, Sardasht Branch, totaling 670 individuals, of whom 358 were selected through purposive sampling. For data collection, standardized tools were employed including Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale (1965), King's Spiritual Intelligence Scale (2000), Ahvaz Psychological Hardiness Scale (2006), and Richard's Fear of Marriage Scale (2007). Data analysis was conducted using Spearman's correlation tests and Structural Equation Modeling on SPSS and AMOS Version 24. Results: Self-esteem had a significant inverse effect on fear of marriage (β = -0.330, P < 0.001). Similarly, spiritual intelligence significantly inversely affected fear of marriage (β = -0.210, P < 0.001). Psychological hardiness also had a significant inverse effect on fear of marriage (β = -0.20, P < 0.001). The indirect effect of self-esteem on fear of marriage through psychological hardiness was significant and inverse (β = -0.054, P < 0.001). Likewise, the indirect effect of spiritual intelligence on fear of marriage through psychological hardiness was negative and significant (β = -0.062, P < 0.001). Conclusion: Self-esteem, spiritual intelligence, and psychological hardiness significantly inversely affected fear of marriage, underscoring their diminishing role in this phenomenon. Specifically, it was found that self-esteem and spiritual intelligence not only directly but also indirectly reduced fear of marriage through enhancing psychological hardiness.

Background and Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of parents' religious attitudes on the mental health of female high school students. The background of the research shows that female students suffer from more mental distress than boys. However, none of the conducted researches is as comprehensive and inclusive as the present study. Therefore, according to the official religion of the country and also the scope of the audience, the necessity of investigating this issue becomes clear. Methods: The research population consists of all the female high school students of Kahrizak district (650 people) in the 10th to 12th grades who were studying in the academic year 2021-2022. The size of the statistical sample in this research was 250 students, who were selected by simple random sampling. In this research, the religious attitudes questionnaire and the SCL90 test were used. The SCL90 test was designed in 1973 by a person named Dragotis and his colleagues. To measure the reliability of the nine dimensions of this test, two methods including internal reliability analysis and test-retest reliability were used for reliability analysis. The questionnaire for measuring the religious attitudes of Muslims was adapted by Sirajzadeh to Shia Islam based on the model of Glock and Shark. In this research, all ethical considerations were observed and the authors of the article reported no conflict of interest. Results: The research results showed a significant relationship between parents' religious attitude and students' depression, anxiety and hostility. According to the analysis of findings, there is a 92% inverse and significant relationship between children's hostility and anxiety scores and parents' religious attitudes. This means that with the reduction of parents' religious attitudes, children's hostility and anxiety increase. Conclusion: Based on the findings, if correct religious attitudes and belief dimension can be strengthened in the parents of the students, the mental health of the students will increase significantly.

Background and Objective: Since in Islamic teachings, health and its promotion are more seriously ordered than the charter of the World Health Organization, so the purpose of this research is to identify the components of sexual health from the perspective of the Qur'an and hadiths. Methods: This research is a descriptive-analytical library study, from the perspective of the Qur'an and the traditions of the innocent Imams (PBUH), extracting the components of sexual health and matching each of these components with the Holy Quran, the verses related to the goals of the instructions were extracted. Results: Based on the findings, 16 indicators were obtained for the components of sexual health, which include 1-providing the ground for marriage and explaining the related laws, marriage, love and affection, and procreation (observing marital relations) in the Sharia framework of purity, 2-purification, and preservation of chastity and piety (observing dress code) to combat sexual deviation and sin, 3-prohibition of sexual relations outside of marriage, 4-homosexuality, 5-self-care and prohibition of marriage to married women, adultery, and the establishment of legal rulings for adulterers, 6-avoiding intercourse with women during menstruation, 7-allocating time for sexual satisfaction, 8-the permissibility of polygamy, 9-the allowance of temporary marriage (Mut'ah), 10-the allowance of remarriage after divorce, 11-opposition to remaining single, 12-prohibition of friendly relationships with the opposite sex, 13-prohibition of secret promises and contracts with women whose mourning period has not ended, 14-maintaining the covering of private parts and concealing them, 15-avoiding forbidden marriages, 16-informing children about sexual education and awakening. Conclusion: An examination of the components of sexual health from the perspective of the Quran reveals that “framework and explanation of laws regarding marriage, love and affection, and procreation (observing marital relations) within a framework of Islamic purity and chastity, purification, and preservation of chastity and piety (observing dress code) to combat sexual deviation and sin” had the highest frequency, with 28 and 27 occurrences, respectively. The lowest frequency was observed for “avoiding intercourse with women during menstruation,” “opposition to remaining single,” and “prohibition of friendly relationships with the opposite sex,” with a combined frequency of 4.

Background and Objective: The right to reproduction and fertility of human beings is one of the rights that is considered in the Quran and hadiths and it has been emphasized in order to create a society with pious and righteous people, The importance of fertility and reproduction is the most important factor in the change in the size of the population, and has caused it to occupy a special place in demographic studies. For this reason, the factors that lead to the reduction of a society's population and fertility should be investigated. One of the factors that directly or indirectly affects the health of people and the fertility of women and men is radiation. For this reason, the present study examines the side effects of radiation therapy on the young population. Methods: This research is a descriptive-analytical review type, which was conducted using the library method and according to previous studies. Results: The research findings showed that, in general, radiation exists in nature. With the advancement of technology and medical devices, humans are more exposed to radiation. If the amount of this radiation exceeds the permissible limit, it will have a negative effect on all the organs of the body, including sexual organs and internal organs, and cause many cancers and blood diseases, and lead to miscarriage or the birth of defective children. Conclusion: All these factors lead to the decrease of population and a decrease in birth rate and fertility, and doctors should avoid using radiation for treatment of patients as much as possible.

Background and Objective: In the field of medical jurisprudence, new issues arise that can only be addressed through the valid approach of rational deduction. However, this type of deduction faces significant challenges and has critics from non-Shia schools of thought who often struggle with a correct understanding of the scope of its authority. This research aims to investigate the concept and true place of reason in medical jurisprudence, analyze the scope of its authority, and prevent its uncontrolled use. Methods: This study is a library-based study with a descriptive-analytical approach. It utilizes the principles of Islamic jurisprudence, legal rules, and the scope of the authority of rational deduction as a source of reasoning, alongside a systematic understanding of Islamic law, to demonstrate the ability of jurisprudence to address contemporary issues in the field of medical science. In addition to library research, the study utilizes the Noor software. Results: Reason has two main applications in the ijtihad (independent reasoning) on emerging issues in the field of health: Independent: Reason functions as an independent source. In this application, reason operates in two independent fields: rational essentials or premises (mustaqillat al-aqliyyah) and non-essential rationalities or premises (ghayr-mustaqillat al-aqliyyah). In this application, the law of concurrence between reason and Islamic law is a fixed and accepted rule in jurisprudence, and both reason and revelation testify to its validity. Non-Independent: The scope of reason's function is defined in three areas: instrumental use, proof in legal rules and principles, and practical principles. Conclusion: The ruling of reason in rational essentials is absolute and certain, but in non-essential rationalities, it must be examined in each case whether a ruling of reason exists or not. Instrumental use, proof of apparent rulings, proof of general Islamic rulings and legal principles are three aspects of the lack of independence of reason in the deduction of issues in health jurisprudence.

Background and Objective: One of the most important factors in building civilizations is paying attention to "science". One of these sciences, which received the attention of Muslims from the beginning and reached the peak of growth and prosperity and played a significant role in the development of Islamic civilization, is the science of medicine and its various branches. Methods: The present article is a library-based research organized using a descriptive-analytical method and has extracted and analyzed the keywords of Islamic civilization, scientific progress and achievements of Muslims in the science of medicine from historical sources. Results: The examination of historical sources indicated the flourishing of medical sciences in the field of the Islamic civilization: the emergence of knowledgeable doctors and the writers of great books including Ali Ibn Raban Tabari, the author of "Firdous Al-Hikma", Razi "Al-Hawi and Al-Mansoori Medicine", Ibn Sina "Al-Qanun fi Tabri" (The Laws of Medicine) , Ali bin Abbas Ahwazi the author of "Kamal al-Sanaa al-Tabiyyah", Abul Qasim Zahrawi the author of "Al-Tsarif Leman Ujaz An-Al-Talif" and valuable initiatives and achievements in various fields including the diagnosis of diseases and their treatment such as the identification and treatment of smallpox and measles by Razi and Avicenna’s description of the details of different organs of the body, including the heart, compilation of the most comprehensive book on pharmacology and introduction and description of about 1400 drugs by Ibn Bitar, creation of well-equipped hospitals and provision of their supplies, all prove this claim. Conclusion: During the flourishing era of the Islamic civilization, Muslims achieved tremendous achievements in medical sciences and became the authority in medical knowledge in Europe and the world, according to Western scientists. Today, it is up to the new generation of the Islamic civilization to reach the pinnacle of progress in science and technology, including scientific authority in medicine, relying on this past full of pride, effort and self-confidence.