Shenakht Journal of Psychology and Psychiatry
Year:2019 | Volume:5 | Issue:6 |Papers Count:8

Introduction: Prospective memory is an important precursor for independent living adolescents. Aim: This study aims to the role of theory of mind, episodic future thinking and creativity in predicting the event-based and time-based prospective memory of the Adolescents. Method: This study was conducted in the form of a correlation pattern. The study population consists of high school students in Azarshahr city in the academic year 2014-2015. In this study, 100 students with a mean age of 16. 02 year were selected by multistage cluster sampling. Prospective memory testing, Reading the mind in the eyes test, Autobiographical task and Torrance tests of creativity was used in order to collect data. Then, data were analyzed by Pearson correlations and multi-variable regression. Results: The results showed that theory of mind, episodic future thinking and creativity could predict the event-based and time-based prospective memory. Conclusion: As a result, we can say that theory of mind, episodic future thinking and creativity operates as an underlying mechanism in the improvement of prospective memory.

Introduction: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, creates challenge for both patients and their family system and affected several areas of life. Aim: The purpose of this study was to the comparison of marital satisfaction in OCD-pateints and normal individuals. Method: It is a case-control study. The statistical society of the study includes all the patients with OCD Tabriz Razi Hospital formed. 25 patients using simple random sampling as people with OCD and Among Ordinary people as well as the number of 25 people that has been matched and as compared to the Group were selected. After the completed questionnaires, researcher collected them for further analysis, and the data were analyzed using T test. Results: The results showed that there is significant difference between marital satisfaction in people with obsessive compulsive disorder and normal individuals (t= 2/24; p= 0/02); this means that marital satisfaction scores in people with OCD is less than normal individuals. Conclusion: here are People with obsessive compulsive disorder the rate of marital satisfaction lower. These results can have contributions to for planning appropriate treatment for these patients.

Introduction: There are similarities between mindfulness practice and religious behaviors in general Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the relations between mindfulness and religious attitude and also general health. Method: In this cross-sectional study, 188 student of Kurdistan University were selected via in access sampling method. Tools were: General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), Religious Attitude Scale, and Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale (CAMS). Finally, 188 students were completed the questionnaires. Statistical analysis like correlation coefficient and regression were used. Results: There was not any significant relationship between religious attitude with mindfulness and GHQ scores. A negative correlation between CAMS and GHQ (p<0. 001) funded, and also negative significant coefficients between mindfulness score with all aspects of GHQ. Conclusion: Mindfulness and general health have meaningful relationship, but they haven’ t any shared factors with religious scores and they have different and separated effects.

Introduction: Weakness in cognitive restraint leads to insufficiency in verbal and non-verbal memory, excitement and control attention, it needs more attention. Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Working Memory improving on cognitive restraint of students. Method: The method this research was quasi – experimental with per – test and post– test design whit control and experimental groups. The statistical population consisted of all boy students in Allame Tabatabaii University in Tehran in the academic year 2017-2018 that among they 30 people selected with available sampling and were randomly divided in to an experimental and a control group (15 each). For experimental group conducted working memory improving intervention (by En-Back Software) in ten sessions. All subject assessed in each group by Wechsler Intelligence Scale and word-color stroop test at pre and post test. Results: The result of analysis of covariance showed that at post test, the experimental group showed a significant improvement in cognitive restraint scores (p <0/05). Conclusion: According to the finding this research could use from working memory improving intervention on improve cognitive restraint in students.

Introduction: Drinking alcohol during adolescence is a serious public health concern. Aim: The purpose of this study was to predict the tendency toward alcohol consumption in adolescents based on Moral disengagement and anxiety sensitivity. Method: This study was correlational. The statistical population of this study consisted of all second-grade male secondary school students of Parsabad city, who were studying in the year 2017. Of this sample population, 120 people were selected and responded to questionnaires of risk behaviors, Moral disengagement and anxiety sensitivity. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression. Results: The results of correlation coefficient showed that the tendency towards alcohol consumption with the total score of Moral disengagement, moral justification, Labeling wise, advantageous comparison, responsibility diffusion, Inhumanization, attribution of balm, Total score anxiety sensitivity, And the components of fear of physical sentiment, the fear of cognitive impairment, has a positive relationship. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that Moral disengagement and anxiety sensitivity are related to the tendency towards alcohol consumption in adolescents, which should be considered in prevention programs for drug and alcohol consumption.

Introduction: Excessive use of cell-phones can lead to dependency and have negative consequences for students and their academic achievement motivation. Aim: This study has carried out to investigate the relationship between cell-phone and students’ academic achievement motivation. Method: This descriptive study was carried out with 300 students from Khash Higher education centers. The sampling method was classified-proportional. The instrument for data collection was a Savari’ s moderated questionnaire on cell-phone addiction and Hermann's academic achievement Motivation Questionnaire. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 21), Pearson correlation coefficient, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA and regression. Results: The mean (SD) of the cell-phone addiction score was 48. 28(12. 27) and the mean (SD) of the student's academic achievement motivation score 79. 9(8. 45). According to the Pearson correlation test, there was a significant and negative correlation between cell-phone addiction and students’ academic achievement motivation (r =-0. 33, p <0. 001). Conclusion: According to the results, it is necessary for educational authorities to develop and plan effective programs to increase students' awareness of the negative consequences of cell-phone.

Introduction: Considering that divorced women are exposed to a variety of psychological injuries because of the suffering of loneliness and lack of solid support. Aim: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of Self-Compassion Training on the Loneliness and resilience Destitute women. Method: The statistical population consisted of all divorced women protected by the Welfare Organization of Khorramabad in 2017. The 30 of patients were selected by random sampling method and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. At first, loneliness and resiliency questionnaires were implemented as a pretest, and the training focused on compassion for the experimental group was performed in 8 sessions, but the control group did not receive any training. In the final stage, all subjects responded to the questionnaires as a post-test. Results: The results of covariance analysis showed that after moderating the pre-test scores, the mean scores of loneliness and its sub-components of loneliness and family loneliness were significantly lower in the burnout-focused group than the control group (p <0. 05), And in the training group focused on compassion, the mean score of resiliency was significantly higher than the control group (p <0. 05). Conclusion: Concentrated compassion-based education can reduce the negative thoughts that lead to individual differentiation from others and increase the mechanism of positive compromise in divorced women under protection of well-being.

Introduction: It seems rhinoplasty candidates have poorer body image and this can affect their decision to proceed with surgery. Aim: Present study assessed the body images of rhinoplasty candidates and control groups before surgery, according to sex them. Method: This research was a case-control study in which 136 rhinoplasty applicants and 136 control subjects in Amir-Al-Momenin hospital/Rasht were chosen as available sampling and by Multi-dimensional self-body relationships questionnaire (MBSRQ) were studied. Data were analyzed by using multi-variable co-variance analysis (MANCOVA) in the form of 2×2 factorial. Results: The main effect of group factor showed that in comparison with control group, rhinoplasty candidates have significantly higher scores mean in tendency to fitness and lower scores mean in satisfaction with body areas (P<0. 05); In the meantime, main effect of gender factor was not the significant in any of aspects of body image. But, group × gender interaction effect showed that rhinoplasty candidate men have lowest satisfaction with body areas (P<0. 05). Conclusion: Higher tendency rhinoplasty candidates to fitness and low satisfaction them of your body areas, especially the nose can push them to do the surgery. Therefore, monitoring, evaluation and psychological intervention to patients before surgery to improve the body image is recommended.