Shenakht Journal of Psychology and Psychiatry
Year:2018 | Volume:5 | Issue:2 |Papers Count:8

Introduction: Episodic future thinking refers to the capacity to imagine experiences that might happen in one's personal future can be affected by anxiety and depression.Aim: The present study was aimed to compare the Episodic Future Thinking in Individuals with Depression and Anxiety Symptoms and Normal Individuals.Method: The research design was causal-comparative. The study population consists of high school students in Langroud city in the academic year 1394-95. In this study, 90 students with a mean age of 16.61 year were selected by multistage cluster sampling. In order to collect information were used from the Episodic Future Thinking task and the Anxiety Inventory and the Beck Depression Inventory. Then, the data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and the post-hoc test.Results: Results of ANOVA and HSD indicate that group with depression symptoms and normal individuals represent significantly different in plausibility and arousal negative index.Also, there were significant differences in the arousal negative index, details positive index, details neutral index between normal and anxiety Symptoms groups. In addition, there were significant differences in the plausibility and details neutral index between normal and depression Symptoms groups.Conclusion: As a result, it may be said that depression and anxiety symptoms leading to changes in episodic future thinking indexes.

Introduction: Depression is one of the most prevalent and disabling psychological disorders.The present study aims to relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and worry and metacognitive beliefs in people with symptoms of depression.Aim: The present study aims to relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and worry and metacognitive beliefs in people with symptoms of depression.Method: The research method in terms of purpose is Basical and in terms of implementation method is descriptive-relationship. The study population consists of all patients with depression, psychiatric clinic of Tabriz.The sample consists of 40 patients with major depression who were selected through convenience sampling method. The Standard data collection tools in this research areMetacognitive beliefs of the questionnaire, Pennsylvania concerns a questionnaire and intolerance of uncertainty questionnaire.Results: Statistical data analysis using multiple regression analysis was used. The results showed that the intolerance of uncertainty and worry and metacognitive beliefs in depressed patients there was a significant positive correlation. Multiple regression analysis showed that the structures IU and beliefs could explain 45% of the changes concern.Conclusion: This study is consistent with results of previous studies suggest that taking IU and beliefs in education programs and psychological interventions can prevent emotional disorders, reduction and effective treatment.

Introduction: Two effective factors on educational progress are students' educational skills and personality traits.Aim: This study aimed to anticipate educational progress of students of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science according to their educational skills and personality traits.Methods: this was a correlative descriptive study. sample of 250 students was selected by random cluster sampling method. Study tools included educational skills questionnaire and NEO Personality Inventory. Data analysis was conducted by multiple regression method.Results: the study results indicated that 43.1% of educational progress variance was explained by factors of educational skills among which controlling learning activity, concentration and self– efficacy, anticipated students' educational progress positively. Furthermore personality traits explained 23.4% of educational progress variance. Students' educational progress was anticipated negatively by neurosis and positively by extroversion and conscientiousness.Conclusion: the results suggested that it is feasible to anticipate students' educational progress according to their educational skills and personality traits. So to enhance students' academic performance it is necessary to consider factors of educational skills and personality traits along with other factors.

Introduction: Selection theory focuses on the relationships between parents and children and the conflicts between them, and it is a consequence of the growth of the reality of treatment.Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the education of the components of selection theory on reducing parent-child conflict in secondary school students.Method: The present study was a semi-experimental study with a pre and posttest with control group. The statistical population of this study consisted of secondary school female students of region 1 of Sanandaj city in the academic year of 2017-2018. Samples of this study were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The data were collected using a parent-child conflict questionnaire and ANOVA was used to analyze the findings.Results: The results showed that the training of choice theory significantly increased the reasoning and decreased effective aggression (P<0.05). But there is no significant effect on the reduction of violence (P<0.05).Conclusion: Based on the findings of this research, the results of this research can be used in psychiatric and counseling centers to promote and improve the communication between parents and children.

Introduction: Creativity is one of the most important features of human which is essential for achieving the success, so assessment of creativity is vital.Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the Psychometric properties of the short use of creative cognition scale in studying.Method: For this purpose, 300 students (150 boys and 150 girls) were selected by cluster sampling method & responded to short use of creative cognition for studying, meta-cognition and positive met cognition and meta-emotion Questionnaires. Exploratory and conformity factor analysis, Pearson relation and Cronbach's alpha were used to examine the Psychometric properties of scale. SPSSV22 and LISRELV8.80 software’s were used for Data analyze.Results: Exploratory factor analysis shows that the scale includes of one factor that predicts 51.73% of scale general variance, additionally conformity factor analysis showed that the scale has appropriate index (RMSEA=0.093). Examination of Convergent Validity using meta-cognition and positive met cognition and meta-emotion Questionnaires revealed that they had positive and significant relation with the scale. The result of internal consistency examination showed that scale Cronbach's alpha was 0.71 means it has suitable internal consistency.Conclusion: according to finding it can be concluded that Persian form of Short use of creative cognition for studying scale has an acceptable psychometric properties among Iranian student community and it can be used as a valid instrument in psychological research.

Introduction: Many stutterers suffer from excessive stress and deficit in cognitive inflexibility. Mind Simulation Model is a new treatment proposed for stuttering and its related problems.Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of mind simulation model on stress reduction and cognitive flexibility enforcement in adult with stuttering disorder.Method: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test/ post-test design and a control group. The number of 30 stutterer participants referring to Tavanmandsazan-e-Zehn Clinic were selected through available sampling method and put randomly into the experimental and control groups. After measuring basic levels of stress and cognitive flexibility of all participants, the experimental group received mind simulation therapy, while the control group received no intervention. Finally, both groups completed the post-tests.Results: Results of MANCOVA analysis showed that mind simulation model could significantly reduced stress (P<0.01) and improved cognitive flexibility (P<0.05) compared to the control group.Conclusion: given these findings, it can be claimed that mind simulation model can significantly treats stuttering and its related problems in adults through mind empowerment.

Introduction: cyberbullying is a kind of aggression, deliberate action by a group or individual using electronic communication methods, is defined repeatedly and over time against a victim who can not easily defend himself.Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the role of perceived parenting styles (authoritarian, authoritative, disregarded, and easy) and borderline personality disorder in cyberbullying through mediating role of empathy.Method: The tools used in this study included: Lopez’s cyberbullying questionnaire, Naghashan’s parenting style questionnaire, questionnaire of borderline personality disorder, the empathy questionnaire of Baron-Cohen and Will Wright. The sample consisted of 305 high school male students of Tabriz, who were chosen according to multi-stage cluster sampling method.Results: Path analysis results showed that perceived parenting (Authoritarian, authoritative, indifferent) and borderline personality disorder mediated by empathy can explain the cyberbullying changes.Conclusion: Based on these findings, it can be concluded that cyberbullying can be a reflection of perceived personality disorder and perceived child abusive, dispassionate, and also low level of empathy.

Introduction: Spiritual health is considered as one of the valuable capitals of humans is backed by religious man. Relation between spiritual health and happiness is as a feeling of satisfaction that people have towards life.Aim: The present study was carried out to determine relationship between spiritual health and happiness in the students of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences and its related factors.Method: The present study was a cross-sectional. The study population, were students of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences that 420 persons of them were selected and studied. A three-part questionnaire including demographic characteristics and 20 questions about spiritual health and 29 questions about happiness was used. The data were analyzed using SPSS 20.Results: The spiritual health of the most students was moderate and the happiness in more than 90% of them was favorable. The mean score of spiritual health and happiness of the studied students were 74.42±12.85 and 78.52±13.20, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between spiritual health and happiness (p<0.001, r=0.52).Conclusion: The findings of the study revealed that there was relationship between spiritual health and happiness. So promoting spiritual health of the students will make them happier. The cultural and educational authorities should be pay attention to this issue.