Journal of Monetary and Banking Research
Year:2015 | Volume:8 | Issue:25 |Papers Count:6

Sever spike of non-performing loans coincided with rise in the stock price in recent years, change bank’s credit managers attitudes towards liquid securities such as shares, as a collaterals of facilitates. The purposes of credit managers for changing the policy is attracting companies with higher credit value and ultimately reduce credit rationing for the company. In this paper, by using propensity score matching (PSM), we evaluate the effects of policy changes in credit rating and credit rationing as outcome variables. Our Information, including the data base of one of the private bank entails companies in 1391-1392. Credit rating is the first outcome variable. The second outcome variable is ratio of facilities to each company to total bank facilities as an indicator of credit rationing in the bank. Treated or program variable is various collaterals such as liquid and illiquid. The control group is a group that has illiquid collateral, such as property or equipment and program group has liquid collateral such as stocks, deposits and warranty. Our results show that change in policy does not affect the credit rating. Also, liquid collateral decrease the credit rationing for liquid collateral pledged.

There have been numerous papers worked on the effect of U.S. monetary policy on other countries macroeconomic variables. However, few papers focus on foreign countries monetary policy reactions to U.S. monetary policy. The main purpose of this paper is to find out how foreign countries policy makers react to U.S. monetary policy. In order to answer this question, we examine the effect of exogenous U.S. monetary policy shock on other countries’ short term interest rates. The second part of the paper tries to find that which factors can explain the differences in countries’ monetary policy reactions. Our results show that monetary policy independence, financial openness, central bank independence, and U.S. trade share of countries GDP can explain countries different reactions to U.S. monetary policy.

Double-digit inflation over the past decades is one of the main problems in Iran's economy. Economic policy has not been able to resolve this issue and control inflation. Continuing high inflation and devaluation of the Iranian Rial bring up the national currency reform debate (removing zeros from the national currency). This study uses the experiences of other countries with similar experiences, in order to evaluate such a reform in Iranian economy. The sample used here includes 61 currency reforms in 48 country. According to theoretical studies, 8 effective variables in controlling inflation have been introduced. Changes in these variables are measured by using the ordered probit model. The Results show that the proposed reform package that includes five economic reforms in order of importance are: 1. Reducing the government deficit, 2. Increasing central bank independence, 3. Reducing net debt to the banking system, 4. Reducing the exchange rate and 5. Higher GDP growth rates. Another important result is that these reforms will reduce inflation with a delay.

Iranian economy as a state–petroleum economy with inflation and budget deficit challenges, has experienced both large and small business cycles in the last three decades. Obviously, studying the significant causes of these cycles can help the policy makers to design more accurate and efficient plans and policies. In this paper, we use a structural vector autoregressive (SVAR) model to identify the effective causes of business cycles in Iran. The results show that between 1990 and 2012, budget deficit growth and real exchange rate growth are the most important causes of business cycles in Iran.

We identify the main determinants of a better and more successful usage of E-wallets. The target population is the customers of a specific bank and also the users of electronic tickets in Iranian economy. Using the method of cluster sampling, 385 questionnaires were distributed and collected. An analysis of the results show that the attitude in accepting electronic wallet and facilitating conditions has positive impact on the use of such services. Other factors with positive effect are effort and performance expectancy. The results also show that anxiety has negative effect on the use of such services.

Iranian economy as a state – petroleum economy with inflation and budget deficit challenges pass big and small Business Cycles in the last three decades. Obviously recognition of significant causes of these Business Cycles can to help to programmers and policy makers for the more accurate and efficient offers. This research by using of Structural Vector Autoregressive (SVAR) model recognizes The Effective Causes on Business Cycles of Iran. The conclusion shows between 1990 & 2012 budget deficit growth and real exchange rate growth were the most important causes of Business Cycles of Iran. According to this conclusion macroeconomic policy makers should attention to these causes for gaining more stability.