Depiction of Health
Year:2017 | Volume:8 | Issue:1 |Papers Count:9

Background and Objectives: Job satisfaction is the most important factor affecting the performance and productivity of the organization. The purpose of this study was to assess job satisfaction among staff of Jundishapur medical teaching hospitals; based on Herzberg's two-factor model.Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. The sample size of 147 was calculated. Stratified sampling method was used. The questionnaire used to collect data consisted of demographic characteristics and job satisfaction in a Likert scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean score and standard deviation) and analytical statistics (Parametric test) in SPSS16 software.Results: In survival factors, the highest average belonged to salary subscale with mean score (3.35±1.05). The other subscales were estimated relatively inappropriate .Regarding motivational factors; all subscales were estimated relatively inappropriate. The recognition subscale showed a significant association with age (P<0.03). There was a significant association between satisfaction in salary and education (P<0.01).Conclusion: In order to enhance the efficiency of hospital staff, in addition to the domains that prevent staff from quitting their job, it needs to emphasize on their motivation as well.

Background and Objectives: An organization requires some behavior which reflects individuals’ long-term interests for success. The behavior is termed as organizational citizenship behavior. Since organizational citizenship behavior plays an important role among Tabriz University of Medical Sciences’ academic staff, the purpose of the current study was to explore the effect of psychological capital on organizational citizenship and provide suggestions to promote the behavior within the group.Material and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study and was carried out in 1395. The population was the academic staff of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. The sampling process was done in cluster form and data analysis was conducted through descriptive and analytical statistic methods. In order to purify, classify and interpret the data, we used statistic descriptive methods and in the analytical level, Pearson and regression were used by SPSS software to examine the hypotheses of the study.Results: The overall samples of the study were 300 people and the percentage of responsiveness was 85%. According to the study, average psychological capital of the academic staff in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences was 4.82 and average organizational citizenship behavior amounted to 3.75. Various dimensions of psychological capital including self-efficiency, hope, tolerance and optimism averaged 5.22, 5.19, 4.62 and 4.30, respectively. Spearman coefficient for psychological capital and organizational citizenship behavior was 0.258 (P≤0.001).Conclusion: According to the results of the study, the amount of changes in the citizenship behavior in academic staff amounts to eight percent through changes in the psychological capital. As a result, it can be claimed that one unit increase in psychological capital causes 0.068 unit increase in the academic staffs’ organizational citizenship behavior in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences.

Background and Objectives: Although active life style is one of the main determining factors of health, the amount of regular physical activities in women is less than in men and even this amount, decreases with aging. Family, friends, colleagues and society’s support, especially at workplace, have a positive effect on the amount of engagement in physical activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the status of social support and physical activity related to workplace among female teachers in Jolfa.Material and Methods: In this study, 230 female teachers working at different schools in Jolfa were selected according to the inclusion criteria. Required data were collected using International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and social support questionnaire by Sallis et al. The data were analyzed using SPSS software.Results: The average of physical activity related to teachers’ work was about 20 minutes per week which is very low. Ten percent of them had light physical activity, 61.7% had moderate physical activity and 28.3% had heavy activity. The results of this study proved a significant relationship between social support and physical activity.Conclusion: Regarding the fact that a large percentage of the teachers do not have enough physical activity, having more physical activity and creating a social network through encouraging friends and colleagues to promote physical activity is emphasized.

Background and Objectives: Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the second cause of cancer deaths in the world population. The survival of patients who were diagnosed early with breast cancer prolongs with adjuvant cytotoxic treatments, however the occurrence of amenorrhea or menopause increases in these patients. The aim of this study was to assess the status of the chemotherapy related amenorrhea, using serum hormone levels and imaging methods. Also, the effects of two different chemotherapy regimens on these factors were compared.Material and Methods: Forty five premenopausal women who were newly diagnosed with stage 1-3 breast cancer were enrolled in this study that was performed in Tabriz Gazi Hospital prospectively. Ultrasound examination and serum level concentration of Anti-Mulerian Hormone using elisa method were evaluated in all patients enrolled in the study, before and after adjuvant chemotherapy. Paired t-test or nonparametric equivalent of this test (Wilcoxon rank test) was used for analysis of dependent data and independent t-test or nonparametric equivalent of this test (Mann–Whitney U test) was used for analysis of independent data.Results: Forty-five patients were enrolled in this study. Median age was 43 years old in the range 25-54 years. Eighteen patients (40%) received ECF (Epirubicin, Cyclophosphamide and Fluorouracil 5FU) chemotherapy regimen and 27 (60%) received AC-T (Adriamicin, Cyclophosphamide and Taxane) adjuvant chemotherapy regimen. The mean of AMH level before chemotherapy was 2.38± 0.65 ng/ml which was declined to 0.38±0.15 ng/ml after chemotherapy (P value<0.001). The size of ovary in ultrasonic examination was 9.03 cm and 10.91 in right and left side, respectively which were declined to 5.09 cm and 5.08 cm after chemotherapy (P value<0.001). There was a significant decrease in the number of follicle count in both right and left ovaries of subjects after chemotherapy (P value<0.05).Conclusion: Both ultrasound indexes and AMH levels can be used to assess chemotherapy related amenorrhea in breast cancer patients. Serial evaluation of these factors is recommended to predict the menses status in these patients.

Background and Objectives: This study intended to examine the relationship of subjective well-being and happiness with pregnancy anxiety among pregnant women in Tabriz.Material and Methods: Drawing on a correlational research design, we selected 97 pregnant women through the convenience sampling procedure. The data were gathered by means of Oxford Subjective Well-being Scale, Beck Anxiety Inventory, and Keyes & Magyarmv Mental Well-being Scale. For data analysis, SPSS 23 software and Pearson’s correlation and multiple regressions were used.Results: Data analysis based on Pearson r and regression analysis (p<0.05) showed that there was a negative relationship between subjective well-being and pregnancy anxiety and also between happiness and pregnancy anxiety. Findings concerning the first research hypothesis showed that the combined variables of subjective well-being and happiness can significantly predict pregnancy anxiety while subjective well-being by itself could account for 35% of variance in pregnancy anxiety. Happiness failed to contribute to the model specified.Conclusion: Findings of the present study indicated that mental well-being and happiness are two positive and effective factors in decreasing pregnancy anxiety and therefore the study results can be of use by gynecologists and psychologists.

Background and Objectives: Pre-hospital emergency services are one of the main determinants of the services outcome. Patients' satisfactions from these services lead to promoting their trust and finally improving the services quality. The aim of this study was to survey patients' satisfaction from pre-hospital emergency services in Tabriz.Material and Methods: In this cross sectional study, data were gathered using a validated questionnaire. Sampling was conducted among pre-hospital emergency services users in 2013 in Tabriz. Using Cochran formula, 1052 samples were selected through systematic random sampling method. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 21.Results: Among the pre-hospital emergency services users, 52.8% were men, most of them were married (62%) and 74% of the patients using pre-hospital emergency services were recovered. It was revealed that 69.2% of the participants were completely satisfied with emergency services. Patients' marital status and gender had no correlation with satisfaction level.Conclusion: Results showed an acceptable level of patients' satisfaction from pre-hospital emergency services in Tabriz. To maintain and improve the patients' satisfaction, its identified determinants in this study s

Background and Objectives: The aim of the present study was to demonstrate a clear vision of the quality status of Khorasan Razavi hospitals’ websites in four dimensions of content, performance, management and using the website.Material and Methods: This was a survey study. The sample size consisted of 49 hospital websites of Khorasan Razavi province. A check list including 21 components and four criteria (content, performance, management and how to use the website) was used as the assessing instrument. Its validity and reliability have been proved through previous studies. Also, the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results: The findings showed that only 59% of the hospitals in Khorasan Razavi had active websites. The overall status of the websites showed the following: too weak (51%), moderate (26.5%) and weak (16.3%), respectively. Regarding the content, performance, management and using the website and design criteria, the findings showed that 40.8% of the websites had an unfavorable condition. Of the 16 high quality websites selected, only three websites including Sina Hospital in Mashhad, Javdoll-Aemeh in Mashhad and Razavi were in good condition; meanwhile the others were in poor condition.Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that most websites do not consider minimal medical standards and also, they could not establish good relationships with their audiences. In fact, in Iran, considering the quality and performance of websites has not been a priority for improving service quality in hospitals. The findings of this study can be effective in the identification and development of hospital websites quality criteria in terms of design, content, performance and management and how to use websites.

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have become a major public health problem not only in developed countries, but also in developing countries; as cardiovascular disease is considered to be the leading cause of death in the world. Unhealthy diet, insufficient physical activity and smoking are the main determinants of NCDs in the world. According to the reports, daily intake of salt in Iran is above the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO), while taking too much salt affects the human health negatively and WHO regards reducing population salt intake as one of the most cost-effective measures to improve public health. Despite the fact that reducing salt intake in the population is difficult, but with specific actions and strategies, reducing most of the populations' salt intake is possible. These actions and strategies include: 1) sodium-restricted diet and monitoring sodium content of foods, 2) awareness campaigns (media and communications strategy), 3) labeling and development of symbols identifying low-salt products, 4) United Kingdom strategy-gradual reduction of sodium, 5) food industry strategy (re-formulation), and 6) taxation on and rising prices of unhealthy food. Successful countries in reducing salt intake have followed these practices.