Depiction of Health
Year:2017 | Volume:8 | Issue:2 |Papers Count:8

Background and Objectives: Personality disorders considered as an important health problem are associated with significant consequences in the community. The disorders complicate the treatment process of other diseases and conditions as well. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of personality disorder in Tabriz city, northwest Iran.Material and Methods: The short form of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI, 71 questions) was used to measure the personality disorders in a sample of 150 individuals (aged 18-62 years) including staff and clients of the primary health care settings in Tabriz, northwest Iran. The clinical profile of the participants was assessed using MMPI questionnaire/software. The patients' test data were then interpreted by the study investigators.Results: The overall prevalence of the personality disorder was 20% (95% Confidence Intervals: 13.5 to 26.4) in the study population. The same rate was calculated 23.7% (95% Confidence Intervals: 15.2 to 32.1) in women, and 20.9% (95% Confidence Intervals: 13.3 to 28.5) for married individuals.Conclusion: According to our findings, personality disorders are common in the community. One in five persons was detected as having personality disorders. Understanding the epidemiology of personality disorders and the relevant comorbidities in general population is important for policy-making in mental health programs at community level.

Background and Objectives: Scientometic evaluation is one of the important issues in the evaluation of research activities. In this study, scientific outcomes of pharmaceutical chemistry departments at pharmacy faculties in Iran have been compared with each other.Material and Methods: The number of published articles, citations and total H-indices, co-authors, the percentage of articles in different subject areas of medicinal chemistry departments of Tabriz, Tehran, Shahid beheshti, Mashhad, Isfahan, Shiraz, Zanjan, Mazandaran, Kerman, Kermanshah, Urmia, Ardabil, Hamadan, Guilan and Yazd affiliated with the corresponding faculty of pharmacy were collected from Scopus database as a search engine and the findings were compared with each other.Results: A good correlation between all of the studied parameters among pharmaceutical chemistry departments of pharmacy faculties is observed. However, significant differences between the percentages of the articles in subject areas of various faculties were identified.Conclusion: Overall, pharmaceutical chemistry departments of Tehran, Tabriz and Mazandaran have top research outcomes in comparison with other investigated departments.

Background and Objectives: This study aimed to investigate patients' views regarding implementation of the Health System Transformation Plan (HSTP) and its challenges.Material and Methods: This descriptive, quantitative and qualitative study was carried out at two different points of time (June and December 2014) in all hospitals affiliated with the Ministry of Health in the of East Azerbaijan province in Iran. A researcher-developed questionnaire consisting of open and closed questions was used for data collection. Validity of the questionnaire was reviewed and confirmed by health management experts and its reliability was confirmed based on Cronbach's alpha index (α=0.87). Questionnaires were completed through interview with 2081 patients. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis.Results: The results showed that 79% of people had been aware of the HSTP and 57% of them had been informed through national broadcasting. Referral to laboratories, radiology and pharmacy outside the hospital in both phases of the study was less than 10%. Also, decreasing patients' costs indicated as the most important effect of HSTP and lack of basic amenities and medical equipment and absence of medical profession on the patient's bedside were considered as the most important challenges of HSTP. Satisfaction from the medical staff was reported as the reason of patient satisfaction and the patients' expectation is the continuity of HSTP.Conclusion: Based on the study results, a great part of patients was satisfied with the HSTP, however; the authorities must pay more attention to improve timely access to physician and basic amenities.

Background and Objectives: This study aimed to compare Gary Behavioral Systems (behavioral activation system and behavioral inhibition system) in normal couples and those engaged in marital infidelity.Material and Methods: The research was descriptive and causal-comparative. Study population consisted of normal couples and couples who were betrayed in the cities of Tehran, Karaj and Tabriz that were referred to counseling clinics. Study sample consisted of 100 clients; 50 normal couples and 50 couples who were involved in marital infidelity. Sampling was targeted. To collect data, Grey-Wilson's and wife infidelity questionnaires were used.Results: Inhibition of behavior in normal couples was higher than couples involved in marital infidelity which was significant at P<0.01. The behavioral activator system in couples involved in marital infidelity was higher than normal couples and this difference was significant at P<0.01 level.Conclusion: Couples who have activation system of high sensitivity are more involved in the phenomenon of marital infidelity compared to the couples who are at high behavioral inhibition system.

Background and Objectives: Evaluating higher education is a systematic process for identifying student’s progress in order to reach predefined goals. In this study we aimed at evaluating educational program of Bachelor of Sciences in health services management using CIPP model in Tabriz.Material and Methods: A descriptive-analytical study was conducted with the sample size of 94 people, of which 18 were faculty members, 55 were students and the others were graduated. A questionnaire was used to collect data which its validity and reliability were confirmed in Kerman University of Medical Sciences. We used SPSS software and descriptive and analytical statistics to analyze the data.Results: Total scores of the studied curriculum in aspects of context, input, process, and product were 64.96, 64.11, 63.45, and 63.97 percent, respectively. Generally, the curriculum was assessed as partly appropriate.Conclusion: It seems that considering revision in some lessons and putting the major focus on teaching skills can improve the utility of the curriculum.

Background and Objectives: Nursing is one of the largest groups of health care providers that needs updated information to improve quality and quantity of health care services, clinical activities, etc. In the meantime, evidence-based databases (such as Up-To-Date Database) significantly contribute to improve performance and efficiency of health services by providing the latest findings on health issues. The present study aimed to survey the information seeking behavior and information needs of nurses working in Ahvaz hospitals affiliated with Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences in using Up-To-Date database.Material and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, the statistical population consisted of 1246 nurses working in hospitals of Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences among which 293 nurses were selected. The required data were collected using a questionnaire developed by the researcher. Validity and reliability of the questionnaire were confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient as 0.71. Descriptive statistics and Kruskal-Wallis Test were used for data analysis.Results: The results showed that most of the nurses needed information about new developments in the field of nursing and medications. A majority of the nurses used simple searching technique to find the required information. Most of the nurses aimed to update their information using Up-To-Date Database. The main barrier to update information was shortage of time.Conclusion: Therefore, it is essential to teach information skills to nurses; so that they can access modern and updated information in the field of nursing and obtain the latest information in this field from evidence-based information sources and databases.

Background and Objectives: Today, a major part of health system resources are allocated to hospitals. So, the control of these resources and correct and efficient use of them are the important tasks of management. This study was conducted to determine the deductions of Iran health insurance in the first half of 2014 in a public hospital in Tabriz.Material and Methods: This was a cross sectional study. The study population included records of patients hospitalized in the first half of 2014. All cases with deduction were selected as sample. Data collection was performed using a researcher-made checklist. Checklist information was collected through records of patients and interview. Then, data were analyzed using Excel software.Results: Most deductions were related to physician visits (61116000 Rials), laboratory (46881797 Rials) and surgery commission (26114487 Rials), respectively. Most of the deductions were in October (70613244 Rials) and lowest deductions were in February (6838945 Rials). The most important factor of deductions was related to additional request.Conclusion: According to deduction cases and the most important factor related to it (additional request), It can be concluded that greatest amount of deductions are due to employees' mistakes. In this regard, emphasis on clinical guidelines and physicians’ training is necessary. Negotiations and clarifying the amount of liability of insurance organizations can prevent deductions.

The aim of this study was to investigate media literacy and information behavior in cyberspace. This was a review and library research based study. With the advent of the digital age and the increasing spread of the World Wide Web, popularity and general acceptance of virtual social networks in the world today, the need to examine media literacy and information behavior in human life is important. Approach to media literacy which is the subset of information literacy in cyberspace has become necessary and obvious. As an individual, higher level of literacy can lead to choosing better content and search for information to find useful content. By assessing the theoretical basis and different approaches in a virtual environment, it can be concluded that having literacy skills and information behavior, the period of time spent in cyberspace and the number of readers have increased, leading to the ability to criticize and interpret the social, political and economic information and identify useful information. Consequently, by acquiring new technologies and increasing the adaptability in viewpoints and improving skills within researchers, the context for developing new ideas will be provided.