Social capital Management
Year:2017 | Volume:3 | Issue:4 |Papers Count:7

In the contemporary era, human has properly come to theoretically and practically apprehend the importance of the concepts such as society and community. Human community is not only an asset for the human to satisfy his needs, but from the viewpoint of the Islamic teachings, it is also the basis of the Divine Grace and Providence. In fact, God’ s hand of providence is with the community. This theme has been frequently repeated in the Islamic traditions. Now, the question is that what is there in the community that attracts God’ s grace and providence? In this article, the difference between the concepts of society and community is delineated. Besides, the article asserts that human community is given God’ s grace and attention due to at least two very important issues. First, community is the moderation point that helps the human to avoid positive and negative extremes in his viewpoints and actions, be these extremisms collective or individual. Second, community can be the manifestation of unity, and unity is a crucial asset for the human in overcoming the collective and individual difficulties. Nonetheless, this assertion does not imply that the society and community never go awry and that accompanying a community in every manner will unquestionably guide human to bliss. A society does not go awry if it is under God’ s providence, and according to the religious teachings, God’ s providence is not absolute but is conditioned. A community can perform its important functions and receive God’ s providence only if it is established based on religion and the divine teachings. The concept of social capital here regards the transcendental stage of the community, i. e. a stage in which humans have come together and have chosen the community, and each and every of them consider the community as their real homeland. If this condition is met, the manifestations of brotherhood, grace, love, and coexistence can be observed in the community. These then become habitual and finally lead to human bliss.

In recent years along with different types of capital such as human, financial and economic, social capital has been raised as other capital. The main pillars of its capital trust-based relationships between individuals, groups and networks form. is, therefore, the aim of this paper is a model of social capital based on the teachings of Islam. The methodology of the study is qualitative and inductive approach and in order to extract the contents of Islamic sources of content analysis techniques were used. At the end, based on the data obtained, then the matrix quartet that a relationship between people, and others affecting the level of the presented concepts. The social capital based on Islamic teachings has four pillars which include behavioral level and the micro and macro behavioral, emotional and micro and macro becomes emotional. All of these elements and components located under the trust in the divine promises.

The purpose of this study, the effect of societal security feeling on Social capital and Social vitality. This research purpose, in terms of applied research and in terms of methods the study of descriptive research is Survey. The study population is young people 29-18 years of Khorramabad. Using a sample of 384 of them multistage cluster sampling method was chosen as a case study. Data collection instrument was a questionnaire that validity using content validity and reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha. In this study, to examine and test the hypotheses, structural equation modeling approach and software are used AMOS18. The results showed that the Societal security feeling a significant positive impact on Social capital and Social vitality.

The goal of the research is to identify the relationship between social capital and organizational – citizenship behavior. By survey research, 234 participants, working at Imam Khomeini charity foundation in Golestan province, were selected using appropriate stratified random sampling. Standard questionnaire was used to collect data. Its validity was approved using Face validity and its reliability was confirmed using Cronbach’ s alpha coefficient for social capital and organizational – citizenship behavior (0. 780 & 0. 896). The findings indicated that the average of social capital and organizational – citizenship behavior were 3. 184 and 3. 718 of 5, respectively which evaluated at middle and middle to high level. In terms of other results there is a significant relationship between social capital and its dimensions (except trust) and organizational – citizenship behavior. Also, the results of regression tests indicated that totally 23. 4 percent of changes of dependent variable (organizational – citizenship behavior) are explainable by two dimension of social capital that is participation and friendship and generosity and the Spirit of volunteerism.

work engagement of personnel in an organization can depend on various factors like organizational socialization and identity of individuals. Therefore, the goal of present study is determination of the effect of organizational socialization with the mediating role of organizational identity on the work engagement of teachers of elementary and first session of secondary education during 1395-96. The method of this study corresponding to the purpose is applicable and according to the type of gathering data would be descriptive-correlation. Statistical population of the study included all the man and woman teachers who work in education office of Semnan City (1350 teachers). The participants were 280 person of primary and secondary school teachers (176 of primary school teachers, 104 of secondary school teachers), who were selected by using stratified random sampling method and considering the loadings and directions. All of them filled the questionnaires of organizational socialization, Organizational identity and work engagement. Data were analyzed by using LISREL software with the model of structural equation. The results indicated that there is a positive and significant relationship between organizational socialization, organizational identity and work engagement of teachers. Organizational socialization has a Positive and significant effect on work engagement. Organizational socialization has a Positive and significant effect on organizational identity. Organizational identity has a Positive and significant effect on teachers’ work engagement and organizational socialization with mediation of organizational identity has an indirect and significant effect on teachers’ work engagement. organizational socialization both directly and indirectly with mediation of organizational identity can influence teachers’ work engagement.

Entrepreneurship is a social-economic process that is influenced by the presence or absence of social communication and links. Several studies have pointed out that entrepreneurial activities depend on social capital. This research has designed to investigate the effect of social capital on organizational entrepreneurship in small and medium – size businesses. This study is an applied one and in terms of nature, is descriptive and correlative. The population includes all employees of SMEs in SEZ of Sirjan city that were 721 in 2015. The sample was 251 that selected through a proportionate stratified random sampling. The data gathering tools were 2 standard questionnaires. Process: Using structural equation modeling data analyzed by LISREL software. Findings show that social capital has positive and significant effect on organizational entrepreneurship.

Nowadays, a lot of discussions about innovation topic are seen because of the emergence of three major trends in strong international competition, discrete markets and changing technology. These trends have attracted an interest of business experts toward a wonderful attention and research in the concept of social capital as a critical factor that makes a promotion of organizational performance and creating competitive advantage is based on innovation. Therefore, goal of this study is to investigate how to explain the role of social capital on the performance of technological innovation. The research method was descriptive-survey and sample of the study was knowledge based companies in Science and Technology Park of Tehran University. With regard to access to all the companies studied, the questionnaire was sent to all firms. 96 questionnaires were received, which covered the minimum required sample (85 units of analysis) according to Morgan table. The study's test results indicate that among dimensions of social capital, both social interaction and trust have a positive impact on commitment to innovation and customer knowledge development, but shared norms didn’ t have the positive impact on these variabels. The effect of Commitment to innovation on the development of customer was confirmed, Also, both commitment to innovation and customer knowledge development are positively influenced on innovation performance. Lastly, management suggestions from research findings are provided.