TEB VA TAZKIEH
Year:2017 | Volume:25 | Issue:4|Papers Count:8

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common types of cancer affecting 1.23 million individuals per year in the world. In recent years Oxidative stress is believed to be one of the risk factors of colorectal carcinogenesis so conjugated linoleic acid is one of products that can decrease oxidant factors and increase anti-oxidant factors level. In recent years Oxidative stress and Chronic inflammation are believed to be two of the risk factors of colorectal carcinogenesis that have an important role in colorectal cancer (CRC). Biological and epidemiological studies indicated that some factors such as diet an life style can prevent incidence of CRC. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is one of the functional lipids and is known to have physiological benefits such as the prevention and attenuation of lifestyle-related Colorectal cancer.Methods: PubMed, Google scholar, ISI web of knowledge and Scopus were searched for studies published between 2000 till 2015. “inflammatory”, “anti-oxidant”, “Rat”, “Conjugated linoleic acid” in combination with “Colorectal”, “Cancer” were used as search terms. Clinical trials with high quality and review articles were collected.Results and Conclusion: It is suggested reduction of inflammatory factors level as a key point in controlling cancer is a novel approach to prevent malignancy. For this purpose dietary CLA is suggested as a powerful factor to decrease inflammatory factors and increase anti oxidant factors level.

Background: Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of death of cancer in Iran and also in the world. The incidence of this cancer in the developing world, especially in Asian countries has increased during the past two decades. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and serum visfatin levels in colorectal cancer. Therefore, it is likely that any complementary treatment with CLA may reduce serum levels of visfatin and thus prevent colorectal cancer progression and malignancy.Methods: PubMed, Google scholar, ISI web of knowledge and Scopus were searched for studies published between 2000 till 2015. “NAMPT”, “Visfatin”, “PBEF”, “Rat”, “Conjugated linoleic acid” in combination with “Colorectal”, “Cancer”, “Neoplasm” and “malignant” were used as search terms. Clinical trials with high quality and review articles were collected.Results: Various studies show that conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) prevents metastasis and progressive cancers especially colorectal cancer by different ways such as inducing apoptosis and aggregating of tumor suppressor proteins, altering arachidonic acid metabolism in cancer cell membrane, inducing PPARγ and reducing inflammatory mediators. It has been concluded that the serum Visfatin levels increase in different cancers and a positive correlation between serum Visfatin levels and metastasis has been shown.Conclusion: It is suggested that reduction of serum Visfatin level as a key point in controlling cancer is a novel approach to prevent malignancy. For this purpose dietary CLA is suggested as a powerful factor to decrease serum Visfatin.

Background: factors associated with quality of life in cancer patients and their spiritual needs an important role in evaluating the effectiveness of treatment and the disease process so that in recent years to identify and meet the spiritual needs of cancer patients as a desirable goal and Nursing care is an important safety consideration. This study aimed to determine the relationship between quality of life and spiritual needs of patients in oncology hospitals in Kerman University of Medical Sciences in 2015.Methods: This descriptive correlational study, 150 patients with cancer were selected based on sampling. Collection tool questionnaire data quality of life of patients with cancer (QLQ-C30), a questionnaire was spiritual needs. Data using descriptive test, Spearman, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Varlys and Whitney using SPSS software version 19 was analyzed at the significant level of 0.05.Results: The results showed that there is a need for spiritual and quality of life (P-value= 0.0001) this indicates is that the spiritual needs include the need for meaning and purpose in life, the need to receive love and affection, the need for hope and creativity, the need for forgiveness, honest relationships with self, others and God by improving the quality of life there.Conclusion: The role of quality of life and spiritual needs of patients with cancer can cause patients cope with the disease and improve the treatment of these patients.

Background: With increasing rate of urbanization in the globe, the problem of marginalization and health status of marginalized group, although with a different severity has been turned to a big issue for all nations and countries, in a way that slums have been addressed directly in the 11.1 of Sustainable Development Goals. The United Nations Human Settlements Programme estimates that 863 million people living in slum areas (2014), According to the 2015 census of Ministry of Health and Medical Education in Iran 10, 280, 270 people lived in slum areas (2015) and again according to this census this rate for Tabriz University of Medical Sciences is about 505, 356 persons. This article as an independent assessment intends to intro-duce and discuss the Tabriz experience in this regard in line with universal health coverage for marginalized groups.Methods: This paper has been conducted through qualitative methods, interviews, documents reviewing, data comparison before and after the implementation of health transformation plan and field surveys by two separate teams (national and provincial).Results: By implementing the health complex strategy in marginalized areas the number of health institutions and healthcare workers has been significantly increased in these areas (a health team for 4000 persons and a 62000 population for a health complex, Diabetes cases detection has been increased from 30 to 621 and detection of heart diseases increased from 5 to 167, Meanwhile essential packages and supportive services provided to the population by governmental subsidy, as well as managerial practices and payment methods were used much more efficiently than in the past.Conclusion: The implemented structures used to the health transformation plan were varied in different provinces. Recognizing the strengths of different structures and introduce them, will provide a structural design based on the experiences of all provinces.

Background: Road traffic accidents accidents in Iran due to high frequency of their victims are the second cause of mortality. Considering the burden of road traffic accidents, it is necessary to provide a proper information setting for decision makers with analysis of current data in order to prevent and control road traffic accidents. Esfahan province is considered as one of the main roads with high traffic because of its touristic attractions and also its location in the in the country main traffic roads. Esfehan has 10 percent share of total transportation in country with daily transferring of more than 40 million ton cargo and 30 thousand passengers. Therefore, Esfahan province is considered as one of the high traffic ways in which the road accidents occur increasingly. This research is accomplished to investigate the epidemiology of fatal driving accidents in Esfahan province in 2012.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, all data of deaths following Isfahan traffic accident in-juries in 2012 reported by forensic medicine organization were used. All received information first were controlled and then using Stata 11 were analyzed in terms of epidemiological variables. Relations of some effective variables on accident were also evaluated by statistical tests.Results: Raw and age standardized incidence were 24.4 and 24.3 in 100000 person, respectively. Most of the studied subjects were male (79.98%) and between the ages of 15-44. Suburban accident rate was also calculated based on the total number of vehicle transits in suburban roads that most of them happened in 6:00 AM and September. accoring to the location of accident 50.38% of them occurred in suburban roads. Cause of death in most of the accidents head injury (48.02). There was statistically significant relation between crash site, vehicle type and the way of accident occurrence.Conclusion: The study results indicate that accidents resulting in death most occurred in low educated males, between the ages of 15-44 years and in July and September. Since more than 40% of deaths was due to head injury, preventive measures and proper planning is necessary to decrease the deaths caused by accidents and increase the road safety especially in suburban roads.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between social support, marital adjustment, and mental health of a population of women employed in a governmentally funded office.Methods: In this descriptive-analytic study performed in 2016, 250 married women were chosen from employees of a governmentally funded office by simple randomization as the study population. The Sherborne and Stewart Social Support Questionnaires, the Spanier Marital Adjustment Questionnaire, and the Goldberg General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) were applied for collecting data. One-sample T-test, and the Pearson correlation coefficient (regression analysis) were used for data analysis.Results: Study results showed that about 65 percent of the women in our sample, scored above the cut-off point in the GHQ questionnaire, showing unfavorable mental health among them. Also, with the enhancement of social support and marital adjustment, mental health was improved to an extent of 70 percent.Conclusion: Regarding the correlation between social support, marital adjustment, and mental health among the study population, it can be suggested that presenting couples with adequate education and counselling before and after marriage and focusing on the enhancement of social support with the aim of improving their social networks, will strengthen the protective effects of them.