Journal of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences
Year:2018 | Volume:26 | Issue:6 |Papers Count:10

Introduction: Bone scan is a nuclear medicine scan test, which leads to finding specific abnormalities in the bone. Methylene Diphosphonate (MDP) is used to bone scan. This combination is absorbed by bone tissue and is excreted by the kidneys and bladder. The purpose of this study was to estimate the absorbed dose of organs in bone scan with injection MDP radiopharmaceutical by specific dosimetry and the SPECT/planar hybrid method. Methods: 20 females who referred to the Nuclear Medicine Department for bone disorders were examined and three planar images intervals of 1, 3 and 5 hours and one SPECT at 3 hours after injection were taken from them. The cumulative activity of the organs was obtained using the SPECT/planar hybrid method and then the absorbed dose was calculated using Mirdose software. Results: The mean absorbed dose due to 99mTc-MDP in women for heart wall (0. 0026± 0. 0005), kidneys (0. 043± 0. 0072), liver (0. 0034± 0. 0001), lungs (0. 0024± 0. 0001), muscle (0. 0028± 0. 0006), ovaries (0. 0056± 0. 0004), spleen (0. 0048± 0. 0003), urinary bladder wall (0. 0680± 0. 0120), bones (0. 0046± 0. 0006) and reminder of the body (0. 0031± 0. 00096) mGy/MBq were obtained. Conclusion: Bladder, kidneys, ovaries, spleen, bones, liver, muscles, walls of the heart and lungs have the highest rates of absorbed dose in organs, respectively. Since the women studied in this study had different diseases, bone disorders, and biological characteristics, and some of them were metastatic due to the disease, this led to a different absorption of radiopharmaceuticals in the various organs of these patients, which caused the differences in the average absorbed dose of radiopharmaceuticals in their organs.

Introdution: Adipokines play various biological roles, which are related to the following items, including body mass index changes, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, polycystic ovary syndrome, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of eight-weeks of highintensity interval training (HIIT) on serum levels of chemerin, omentin-1 and apelin on overweight female Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods: In this study, 16 obese rats were randomly divided into two groups: 8 rats in the control group and 8 rats in the experimental group. For eight weeks, the experimental group did HIIT exercises based on an exercise program five days a week, while the control group had no training program. After eight weeks, an independent ttest was used for data analysis. Results: The results showed that there was no significant difference between chemerin serum levels in rats that had undergone an intensive exercise program as compared to the control group (p=0. 079). On the other hand, there was a significant difference between serum levels of omentin-1 (P = 0. 034) and apelin (P = 0. 044). Conclusion: According to the results of the present study as well as the importance in adipokine level changes, it seems that HIIT exercise can be an important and useful factor for regulation of adipose tissue hormones (adipokines), and healthy and sick individuals can do this kind of activity according to their ability.

Introdution: Scientific evidence suggests the role of oxidative stress in diabetes and the development of its complications. Pre-preparation by aerobic exercise with increasing antioxidant power of neuronal cells can reduce oxidative stress and increase the resistance of the hippocampal region neurons. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 6weeks of endurance training on the activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase enzymes in the hippocampus of experimental diabetic male Wistar rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 24 male rats (245 ± 9. 4 g) aged 10 weeks were divided into 4 groups of 6 rats each. The diabetic rats were diabetic by intraperitoneal injection of STZ. The exercise program included 6 weeks of moderate intensity endurance training. At the end of 6 weeks, the hippocampal tissue samples were extracted, 24 hours after the last training session. Descriptive one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used in different group. If analysis were significant, differences between groups were estimated using Scheffe post-hoc test. Significance was defined as P≤ 0. 0. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 23. Results: After 6 weeks of endurance training, the level of superoxide dismutase in both groups, healthy training and diabetic training, was significantly increased, and in the diabetic control group, there was a significant decrease (P<0. 001). Glutathione peroxidase levels in the two groups, training and healthy control group, were significantly different compare to the diabetic control group (P≥ 0. 05). There was no significant difference between the three groups (P≥ 0. 05). Conclusion: Based on the results, it can be concluded that endurance training may be effective in increasing the anti-oxidant defense of the hippocampal tissue of diabetic rats.

Introdution: . Quality of life is an important and measurable outcome in the field of medicine; The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relation between smoking and quality of life in the city of Yazd. Methods: This analytical-cross-sectional study was performed using Yazd Health Study (YaHS) data with a sample size of 8725 people. SF8 (Short Form 8 Health Survey) questionnaire was used for evaluating the quality of life. Data were analyzed through Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney and Logistic regression tests. Results: There was a significant difference between the quality of life in smokers and non-smokers and the quality of life was significantly lower among smokers compared to non-smokers (p < 0. 001). This difference was observed in the dimensions of general health (p < 0. 001), cheerfulness (p < 0. 001) and social performance (p = 0. 014) as well as in two general dimensions of physical (p = 0. 001) and mental (p < 0. 001) quality of life. In the present study, smoking cigarette (OR=1. 54, CI 95%: 1. 31-1. 81) and hookah (OR=1. 32, CI 95%: 1. 11-1. 56) were considered as risk factors for low quality of life. Analyzing the statistical interaction between smoking cigarette and quality of life-related demographic characteristics has shown that young smokers compared to old smokers (OR=3. 55, CI 95%: 1. 56-8. 08) and single smokers compared to married smokers (OR=2. 37, CI 95%: 1. 44-3. 89) had a higher chance of being in the low quality of life classification. In addition, employed smoker compared to unemployed smoker had a lower chance of low quaility of life (OR=0. 711, CI95%: 0. 513-0. 983). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that there are significant differences in quality of life according to the smoking status.

Introdution: Varicocele is the most curable cause of infertility in men. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of varicucele in soldiers before and after the training course at the Army Military Training Center in Tehran in 2017 and determine the effect of military training in order to create or increase the degree of varicocele. Methods: one group longitudinal study with repeated measurement design was conducted on 1200 soldiers in military training center affiliated to AJA University of Medical Sciences in Tehran, Iran 2017. All soldiers were examined at the beginning of the entrance and after the completion of the training course, which lasted for 3 months. All examinations were done by one physician to prevent measurement errors. Results: The age of the age of the populations was 18-21 years old with the mean age of 18. 76 years and a standard deviation of 0. 46. Varicocele prevalence in the study population has been reported 11 % before training courses and 14 % after that (p>0. 05). Also, before training, grade of varicocele was 85% grade 1 and 15% grade 2, and After training was 69%, 25% and6%grade 1, 2 and 3 respectively (p<0. 05). Conclusion: Military training and heavy exercises are not effective in the development of new varicocele cases, but can be effective in increasing the degree of varicocele in people who already have varicoceles. It should be noted that the results in this study were contrary to the observations that it was thought that the military course would create new cases of varicocele.

Introdution: Crocus sativus, saffron is usually used as a preservative and food ingredient. Over the past several years, therapeutic properties of saffron extract have been proven. Because of the antioxidant components of this herb, it has been candidate for some disorders as depression, considering that the effects of saffron on depression and anxiety syndromes are few, the present study aimed to investigate these aspects. Methods: In this experimental study, 36 Swiss Webster male mice with 25 to 30 g weight were randomly divided into 6 groups, negative control group, (normal saline), positive control, Fluoxetine (10mg/kg). and test groups, hydro alcoholic ethanol extract at two concentrations (50 and 100 mg/ml) alone and with fluoxetine (5mg/kg) in a mixture with [with ratio of 1: 1] (2. 5mg/kg, and 5 mg/kg of extract). All injections were done intraperitoneally as single dose a day, for 21 days, and after treatment period, swimming and tale suspension tests have been done for depression assay and Plus Maze test as model of anxiety test. Finally, one-way ANOVA was used to analyze the data using the spss 21 software. Results: The extract has shown anti-depressant effect which was in parallel with fluoxetine, almost as a dose dependent manner, but not in synergic with fluoxetine and the DATA of Plus Maze test for anxiety test, were not significant. Conclusion: According to our findings, Crocus sativus, hydroalcoholic extract has anti-depressive, but not anti-anxiety effect and has not any synergistic effect with Fluoxetine as a SSRI with anti-anxiety properties, whereby because of little adverse effects of herbal medicines, sativus crocus can be introduces as a safe cotreatment for depression disorders.

Introdution: Chemotherapy is one of most effective methods to fight metastatic tumors. Its non-targeting has many side effects. The aim of this study was to investigate various formulations of Lipo-Niosomal hybrid system to achieve an optimized and targeted formulation to provide proper function as a complementary drug in cancer chemotherapy. Methods: The present study was an experimental study. Five Lipo-Niosome systems with different formulations containing DPPC, Cholesterol, and Span60 were synthesized using thin-film method. Three formulations were chosen based on the entrapped efficiency of curcumin and their release profile was investigated in order to choose the final formula. In the following, the final formula was optimized by DSPE-mPEG(2000) and after calculating, the curcumin release profile in simulated environment of healthy and cancerous cells; physiochemical characteristics of the final formula determined by ZetaSizer, FTIR and SEM instruments. Results: Final formulation of curcumin PEGylated lipo-niosome had 147. 5 nm size, 98. 12%± 1. 85 entrapment,-8. 90 mV zeta potential, and 0. 176 of PDI. The maximum release of the drug for this nanosystem in an environment similar to healthy cells was 19. 02% and 24. 88% in cancerous cells. FTIR and SEM investigations show drug and nanocarrier had no chemical interaction leading to change the functional groups and its particles have a spherical morphology. Conclusion: The findings of this study along with confirming the system to be semi-targeting, shows that carrier released entrapped drug with continuous and controlled rate without any change in chemical nature of the drug. It appears the nanoscale size and the low anionic charge of the system is an indication of its high cellular uptake.

Introdution: The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of miR-143 on the expression of Bcl2 gene at the level of mRNA, cell cytotoxicity in the SaOs-2 cell line (Osteosarcoma) and Hum 63 (Human primary bone cells). Methods: In this experimental study, miR-143 was introduced into the SaOs-2 and Hum 63 cell by the lipofectam 2000 system. Then, the effects of miR-143 on cytotoxicity (72 hours) and expression of Bcl2 gene were measured by the MTT tests and Real Time Pcr protocols, respectively. Results: The results showed that the lipofectamine 2000 system had no toxicity in both Hum63 and SaOs2 cell lines by itself. SaOs2 cancer cells were more susceptible to miR-143 and Lipo / miR-143 compared to Hum63 cells. The highest reduction in SaOs2 cells was observed after the treatment with Lipo / miR-143 (p <0. 05). Furthermore, according to the results, transfection of miR-143 by lipofectamine 2000 into the cell, compared to cell-treated alone by miR-143, significantly reduced Bcl2 expression (p <0. 05). Conclusion: The lipoprotein 2000 system can be effective in absorbing miR-143 into the cells. By targeting various cellular pathways, including the expression level of the Bcl2 gene, miR-143 can be effective in the treatment of bone cancer (Osteosarcoma).