Journal of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences
Year:2016 | Volume:24 | Issue:9|Papers Count:11

Introduction: Type 2 diabete is a kind of metabolic disease that it is associated with hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and disturbed liver function. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the protective effects of Okra Powder on liver damage in high fat diet fed / streptozotocin (HFD-STZ)-induced type 2 diabetic ratsMethods: In this experimental study, 25 Wistar Albino female rats with an average weight of (200–220 g) were randomly divided into 5 groups: Group I: (control group) rats were fed the standard diet, Group II: healthy rats that received Okra Powder (200 mg/kg) for 4 weeks; Group III (HFD/STZ group): Rats were fed with high-fat diet (HFD) (60% fat) for 4 weeks and then injected low dose of STZ (35 mg/kg), Group IV: Diabetic rats that received Okra Powder (200 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. GroupV: Diabetic rats that received metformin (200 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. At the end of experiment, biochemical parameters were measured. Liver samples were removed and 5-6 µ sections were made and stained by H&E and Sudan black staining.Results: The results showed that all the biochemical parameters, except HDL-C and serum insulin were increased in diabetic rats, while they were decreased in Okra supplementation group compared to diabetic rats (p<0.05). The liver structure alterations were improved in treated diabetic rats with Okra Powder and metformin.Conclusion: Our findings confirmed the potential anti-hyperglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of Okra Powder. Thus, it seems it has an important role in the management of type 2 diabete.

Introduction: Extreme sports are associated with immunological changes as well as changes in the indices of inflammation and muscle damage. So, the purpose of this study was to compare the effect of 6 weeks resistance training with and without vascular occlusion, on serum levels of CRP and LDH in active girls.Methods: This study was a quasi- experimental one. 36 female students of physical education with an average aged 20.51±1.39 years and BMI 23.32±2.79 kg/m2 were divided into three groups: resistance training without occlusion (exercise at 75% of one repetition maximum), resistance training with vascular occlusion (exercise at 30% of one repetition maximum with closing of tourniquet around the proximal arm) and the control group. Both training exercise groups performed a six-week training program consisting three sessions per week. During this period, the control group performed their daily activities. Blood samples were taken before the start of training and 24 hours after the last training session. Spectrophotometric and ELISA method was used for evaluating lactate dehydrogenise and CRP. Data were analyzed using paired sample t test, and one-way ANOVA. To compromise the results between three groups bonferroni test was used.Results: After 6 weeks of resistance training with and without vascular occlusion, index of muscle damage (LDH) revealed a significant increase in response to resistance training (p<.05). and simultaneously (CRP) index showed no significant difference between the three groups (p>.05).Conclusion: According to the results of the research, both types of resistance training have a positive effect on variables of inflammatory marker of muscle damage. But it seems that in vascular- occlusion group changes are more obvious.

Introduction: Urinary incontinence is a common occurrence during pregnancy, which disrupts the quality of life of women and also requires a huge cost for treatment, due to the lack of such studies in the city of Yazd, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of and the factors associated with stress urinary incontinence after childbirth in Yazd in 2015.Methods: This study was a descriptive- cross sectional study, which included women 4 months after the last delivery referred to Shahid Sadoughi hospital. 500 of them were selected by convenience sampling and their information was obtained through SandviK questionnaire. The data were analyzed via SPSS 16 using chi-square test and T test.Results: Prevalence of stress urinary incontinence after childbirth in this study was 32.4%. The frequency of urinary incontinence increased in women with one delivery (3.3%), two deliveries (27.6%) and three deliveries (61.1%). The frequency of urinary incontinence after giving birth in a hospital or home was 31.2 % and 76.9 %, respectively, which shows a significant difference (P=0.001).Conclusion: The results of this study show that the frequency of urinary incontinence in women in Yazd is high. With regard to social and medical importance of urinary incontinence, it needs to perform some effective strategies for prevention and treatment of urinary incontinence in the city of Yazd.

Introduction: LDL oxidation by forming and growth of the fatty plaques on the walls of endothelial is an important event in atherogenesis. Sumac plant are rich in polyphenols and flavonoids compounds, with antioxidant effects that inhibit the LDL oxidation could inhibit atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of flavonoid components sumac extract by gel filtration chromatography on LDL oxidation induced- CuSo4.Methods: In this experimental study, LDL was isolated by ultracentrifugation system and gradient medium. The flavonoid fractions were separated from the sumac extract using Sephadex LH-20 gel filtration technic. The LDL oxidation kinetics in the presence of sumac components flavonoid extract were investigated. The formation of oxidation induced malondialdehyde were measured by TBARS (thiobarbituric acid) method.Results: The results showed that the flavonoid content of sumac extract significantly increased Lag time (P<0.001) on LDL oxidation kinetics curves, and the malondialdehyde resulting of the oxidation of LDL, in the presence of the extract significantly reduced.Conclusion: The findings show that flavonoid content sumac extract has a positive effect on reducing LDL oxidation and they are can be a good candidate for further study as well as an effective factor to remove the consequences of oxidation of LDL, such as atherosclerosis.

Introduction: Influences of lead on functions of many organ systems are known, but less experimental studies has been done on influences over the behavior, including pain sensation. This study was carried out to reveal possible changes in the onset and intensity of reactions to painful stimuli in mice, after long- term exposure to lead acetate.Methods: In this experimental study, 24 adult male albino mice were divided randomly into 3 groups of 8 each. Control group received fresh water ad lib and 2 treated groups received drinking water contaminated by either 5 ppm or 500 ppm of LA for 90 consecutive days. On the day of 91, nociceptive were performed using a hot plate and formalin, to evaluate onset and intensity of reaction in response to the thermal and chemical pain, respectively. At the end, the animals were euthanized and blood samples were collected for determination of cortisol levels using an ELISA assay.Results: The animals exposed to LA showed a delay in reaction to painful stimuli induced by thermal stimulus by 52% and 59% with low and high doses, respectively. Thermal pain intensity of reactions to was declined by 63% with LA 5 ppm and by 82% with LA 500 ppm (P<0.05). Delayed reaction to chemical stimulus was also prominent in treated groups up to 68% and the pain intensity was declined by 80%, but they were not statistically significant. Blood cortisol levels remained almost unchanged.Conclusion: Delayed reaction to painful stimuli after chronic LA exposure may be considered as a complication which weaken the alarming role of the pain. Further studies regarding the mechanism of action and the extent of the importance of these effects are warranted.

Introduction: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a prevalent complication in the patients with cirrhosis and ascites, which leads to high intrahospital mortality. Diagnosis is made when ascetic fluid neutrophils is ≥250 cells/mm3. Manual counting of neutrophils is time- consuming, technically difficult, expensive and in many cases individual-dependent. In contrast, automated counting is an easier, faster and much cheaper method, which enables earlier treatment. The objective of this study was comparing the automated vs. manual neutrophil counting in ascetic fluid in the patients suspected to have SBP.Methods: Fifty two patients, clinically- suspected to SBP, were selected via convenience sampling in two emergency departments of Kerman city during one year. Their ascetic fluid neutrophils counted by conventional manual and automated (by cell counter) methods. Simultaneous ascetic and blood culture and peripheral WBC count were performed. SBP diagnosis was made when neutrophil count was ≥250 cells/mm3. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of manual test were measured. Additionally, positive and negative results of these two methods were compared.Results: Mean value of neutrophil count was 406 and 407 by automated and manual method, respectively; which showed no significant difference (p<0.001). Correlation was detected between two methods based on interpretation of neutrophil count in each patient (Kappa=0.653, Pearson correlation=0.989). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of manual test was 84.61%, 80.76%, 81.48% and 84%, respectively.Conclusion: This study shows that automated neutrophil count can well substitute manual count. Considering the limited studies on this issue, definite judgment necessitates further studies with higher sample volumes, various devices and considering role of humanistic conditions on manual count.

Introduction: Suicide is one of the social and health challenges, which has influenced on the individual, family, and society. Statistics reveal that suicide rates have increased in the country. The present research carried out to determine the incidence of suicide in Iran through meta-analysis and systematic review.Methods: This is a systematic review and meta-analysis study on suicide incidence and trend in Iran by reviewing published papers within 2001-2014. To do this, databases including Medlib, Google Scholar, Pubmed, ISI, Science direct, SID, Medline, Magiran, and Irandoc were searched and two trained researchers independently extracted the articles through keywords and combinations. The results were integrated through using weighted average and Poisson distribution.Results: In the preliminary searching, 30 papers of 132 were qualified for study. The rate of suicide was estimated 8 out of one hundred thousand in Iran (1/9–6/8: 95% confidence interval), which was 11.1 (8/6-13/ 8: 95% confidence interval) and 7.4 (5/3–9/5: 95% confidence interval) in males and females, respectively. The results showed that the trend of suicide was descending in the last decade.Conclusion: Incidence of suicide has decreased in Iran during last years; however, the incidence was relatively high in western provinces. As well as The incidence of suicide leading to death among men far more than women.

Introduction: Dental implants are the choice of treatment for missing teeth. Despite the very good results, implant treatment is also associated with some failures and complications. The aim of this study was evaluation of survival rate and tissue health indexes around the Dio ® SM dental implants placed in patients of dental school and a private office in Isfahan from 2005 until 2010.Methods: In this cross sectional study, 94 Dio ® SM dental implants in 72 patients via convenience sampling were selected. After that demographic information and Gingival index, Gingival Bleeding index around Dio SM implants, plaque index, pocket depth, Bone loss were fulfilled for patients. Data analyzed using t-test, Chi- square test, Wilcoxon and Pearson test with SPSS Ver. 20 statistical software, at α=0.05.Results: Among 94 implants, 55.6 % in maxilla, 44.4% in the mandible, 53.19% single and 46.81% were multi-unit. Survival rate of total implants was 80.6% and 19.4% were failed because of different causes. Among indices Gingival index (p=0/001), plaque index (p=0/020)،pocket dept (p<0/001) were significantly lower than theeth. Periodontal indices except bleeding index were significantly higher in maxilla (p<0.05) but bone loss was not significant (p=0.071)Conclusions: The results of this study showed that survival rate of Dio ® SM implants is lower than acceptable rate but needs to more studies.