Research in Medicine
Year:2001 | Volume:24 | Issue:4|Papers Count:11

In traditional medicine some of plants have been used as anagesics; The aim of this search was evaluating of the analgesic effect of piper nigrum that used traditianaly for relief headache, migrain, rheumatic arthritis and tooth pain.For this purpose the suxhleted and percolated extract of piper nigrum, with different doses, 50, 75, 100 mg/Kg, were injected intraperitoneally to mice and the analgesic effect was determined by formalin test. The data indicate that the injection of piper nigrum extract with different doses, 15 min before formalin injection, Induced significant analgesia (P<0.01), and there is no statistically significant difference in analgesic effect between the suxhleted and percolated extract of piper nigrum.Injection of piper nigrum extract with dose of 100 mg/Kg 30 min before formalin injection also. induced significant analgesia (P<0.01) but this analgesic effect in compare to 15 min before formalin injection was smaller.

FNA is the preferred test in the evaluation of breast mass, which decrease the diagnostic costs and positive margins which, reduces the need for reexcision. There is much, contravercies about FNA in our University clinics, for this the present clinical trial performed on 105 breast mass, from them 101 cases undergone open biopsy.FNA results correlated to histopathology and the following criteria find for FNA: Sensitivity=92%, Specifity=97%, Accuracy=95%.Although, sensitivity is lower than literature but it can be corrected by future studies with gaining much more experience in sampling and cytology expertise. we recommend this test for evaluation of breast mass before any operation protocol.

Vitamin D deficiency is one of the major population health problems world wide. Developing countries have been successful in controlling this condition by conductions many studies and adopting preventive public health strategies. To assess the status of vitamin D in a sample of Iranian subjects, we measured serum levels of 25 hydroxy vitamin D (25-0H-D) in 1172 subjects aged, 3-69 ys (662 female and 490 males) within the framework of Tehran lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS). The subjects were selected by cluster random sampling from the residents of Tehran urban district No. 13 and underwent clinical examinations and laboratory measurements in lipid and glucose study unit. Measurement of 25-0H-D was performed in fasting serum samples by competitive protein binding assay technique. We observed serum level of 25-0H-D to have non-Gawssian distribution in both sexes. In all age groups, mean 25-0H-D level was lower than 30 ng/ml in women and higher than 30 ng/ml in men. The median of 25-0H-D level was two to three times higher in males than in females in different age groups. Vitamin D deficiency (defined as 25-0H-D< 20 ng/ml) was prevalent in all age groups especially in middle-aged men (>30y) and young and women (10-40y). We observed vitamin D deficiency in 75 percent of women aged 10 to 29 years. Our finding reveal very high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Tehran urban population especially in young women. Considering the increasing proportion of old people in general population and the importance of bone health in quality of life of old people, we urge policy makers and public health professionals to pay attention to the problem of metabolic bone disease.

Introduction: After sperm leave the testis, further post testicular development is required in order fully functional spermatozoa capable of passing through the female tract and fertilizing ova. This process is called sperm maturation and occurs in the epididymis, The epididymal epithelium provides the special microenvironment for sperm maturation, these process involved remodeling. insertion, deletion or modification of many protein and lipid components of sperm plasma membrane. Evaluation of such modification have a critical role in our understanding of epididymal function.Methods: Segments of washed caput and corpus regions of rat epididymis were treated with enzymatic and mechanical digestion to removed connective tissue and produce fragments less than 1 mm length. Epididymal fragments were successfully cultured in modified RPMI -1640 medium supplemented with androgens and FCS.Pulse labelling of epididymal culture were performed in vitro with (35S) Met and (35S) Cys mixture. Protein synthesis and secretion were evaluated by SDS-PAGE and flurography. An antiserum against sperm surface proteins was raised by repeated injections of rat viable spermatozoa to a rabbit. The antiserum was checked by ELISA and Indirect Immunofluresence (IF) techniques. Identical proteins in epididymal secretions and sperm surface were identified by western blotting. Results: Epididymal epithelia in culture displayed about 20 distinct protein bands. The most intensebands being at approximately 20-200 kD: A number of bands were evident less intensity. Immune serum reacted with 20, 24. 54, 58 kD protein bands after western blooting and were common between sperm surface and epididymal epithelia secretion.Conclusion: Epithelial cells of epididymis secrete proteins and glycoproteins, some of the binded to sperm surface and probably have critical roles in sperm-ooctyte interaction or membrance fusion. We have identified four proteins with molecular mass about 20, 24, 54, 58 kD that secreted by epididymal epithelia and bounded to sperm surface. Our future research will focused on purification of the proteins and evaluation of their roles on fertilization process and sperm fertilizing ability by IVF technique.

In this study, 27 cases of intestinal malrotation were studied, most of whom underwent radiographic evaluation with radio contrast media the ratio of incidence in male to female was 2.8 to 1. Most cases manifested during the first year of life. Associated disorders were learn than thorn reported in Europe and United states (22.2%). The clinical symptoms were biliary romiting (12 cases) and nonbiliary vomiting (6 cases). Five cases manifested with constipation and one with diarea. Radiographic findings in their order of occurrence were as follows: Duodenal distention (11 cases), duodenal deformity (10 cases), delay in gastric emptying (7 cases) reflux (6 cases) and total duodenal obstruction (3 cases).

In most mammals the hippocampus has a well documented role in spatial memory acquisition. The presence of high of AR (Androgenic Receptor) and AR mRNA in the hippocampus suggests that this area is a major neural target for androgens. In addition, androgens have been shown to play a role in learning and memory processes. Therefore, in order to determine the role of androgenic receptors in CAI region, this experiment was conducted to assess the effect of flutamide (A non steroidal antiandrogen) administration into the CAI region on spatial memory. Spatial learning was assessed in Morris water maze. For this purpose, male Wistar rats were connulated bilaterally in to the CAI region. The animals divided into 5 groups, were given different doses of flutamide (2,5,10, 20 µg/ 0.5 µl)or its vehicle (DMSO) 30 minutes before training each day. The results showed dose dependent increases in latencies and traveled distances to find the invisible platform in flutamide received groups compared to the control group with peck effect at doses of 5 µl. Therefore, it appears that spatial localization in the Morris water maze may be impaired by testosterone antagonists.

Bone marrow derived mast cells due to very putative secretary activity and presence in different peripheral and central nervous system tissues are involved in important biological and path physiological processes. It has been demonstrated that they cease in number in response to different hormonal, physiological and stressful events. In this study, effects of 96 and 120h REM-sleep deprivation on the number of thalamic mast cells has been investigated.Our results showed that following sleep deprivation there is a very significant decrease in number of these cells. Considering important roles of mast cells in behavioural processes related to neuro-endocrino-immunological responses, this decrease indicates possible role of these cells in the physiology of stress in brain tissues.

LAD is a rare authosomal recessive disorder characterized by a genetic defect of a group Leucocyte membrane glycoprotein that confer adhesivenous on lymphocytes, and neutrophile surface called MAC-1, LFA-1 and P 150,45 for type I and sialyl Lewis x a carbohydrate ligament on neutrophile surface for E-selection which in turn is present on the surfaces of activated endothelial cells for type II disorder. Type I LAD has been described in over 50 patients and type II LAD first described in 1992 in 2 unrelated boys of consanguineous parents. Besides the occurance of repeated bacterial infections that are the hallmark of all the phagocyte disorders, LAD is characterized by an unusual persistent granulocytosis, severe gangrenous periodontitis frequent Superficial bacterial infections that may invade locally or systematically and show repair wound healing that is often first manifested as delayed umbilical cord separation, staphylococcus aureus and gram negative bacteria are the most common pathogens. We have presented in this report 4 months old girl admitted for bacterial cellulitis of groins along with severe omphalitis and delayed separation of umbilical cord. Umbilical cord inflammation with oozing was apparent shortly after birth, with episodes of exacerbation which finally led to hospitalization for definite diagnosis and therapy. Skin infection and cellulitis were not completely eradicated by oral antibacterial, laboratory examination revealed severe leucocytosis, elevated ESR, normal serum gammaglubulin, slightly elevated CH50 and definite deficiency of αIFA, C3b-1 and P150, 95. Clinical diagnosis was therefore confirmed by laboratory finding and patient was placed on ceftazidime and Amikacin and was advised to have regular weekly visit to dispensary for further evaluation.

We report a case of theophyline intoxication in a newborn infant who was given a high dose of aminophyline inadvertently instead of calcium gluconate 10% solution because of similarity of labels and containers. The infant presented with jitteriness, hyperreflexia. spasticity. hyperthermia and uncontrolled seizures. The infant was managed by double volume exchange transfusion. The serum theophylline level was 24.4 micro g/ml before and 14.3 micro g/ml after exchange. The medical and nursing staff should be very careful in calculating and administering the doses of medications to the newborn infants in order to avoid potentially lethal problems which could happen following inadvertent overdosing of medications. The pharmaceutical companies should use different containers and labels for different medications. The pediatricians should always consider drug intoxication in newborn infants whenever they present with unusual signs and do not respond to the treatment.

Medulloblastoma is one of the most common tumors in the posterior fossa of brain which comprise about 20% of the tumors of central nervous system in children. it can occur in different age groups but is mostly observed in children. Classic pattern of medulloblastoma in CT Scan is a well-defined hematogenous tumor without necrotic or cystic degeneration (3). In this study, we present a case of cystic medulloblastoma and disease its imaging.