IRANIAN SOUTH MEDICAL JOURNAL (ISMJ)
Year:2021 | Volume:24 | Issue:1|Papers Count:6

Background: One of the most common outpatient surgeries is cataract surgery which requires a short anesthesia with fast recovery time providing minimal complications. This study aimed to compare sevoflurane with propofol in terms of extubation time and recovery parameters in patients undergoing cataract surgery. Materials and Methods: This randomized controlled clinical trial recruited 60 patients 18-75 years old with ASA 1 and 2 who were candidate for cataract surgery. Patients were randomly divided into two groups (30 patients per group). Group 1 received propofol 100 μ g/kg/min and group 2 received sevoflurane 0. 5%-1. 5% to maintain anesthesia. Demographic data, hemodynamic parameters, surgery data, pain severity and patient satisfaction were recorded. Data were analyzed in SPSS 19 at significance level P<0. 05. Results: Patients in both groups matched for demographic characteristics. They showed no significant difference in terms of hemodynamic parameters, duration of surgery and anesthesia, awakening time, extubation time and recovery time. Patients in the two groups did not significantly differ in terms of nausea, vomiting, shivering and pain after the surgery. Patient satisfaction was high in both groups with no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: The results showed that propofol and sevoflurane are useful medications for maintaining anesthesia during cataract surgery, and can be used based on patient’ s conditions.

Background: Sargassum boveanum is a kind of brown alga with many uses in food industries, medicine, and cosmetics. Given the presence of the algae in the Bushehr coasts and its ease of breeding, we can enjoy its numerous benefits. Materials and Methods: In this study, samples of S. boveanum were collected from Shoraye-shahr, Naftkesh and Bandargah districts of Bushehr province, and prepared for extraction of total fat, quantitative and qualitative study of acid value (AV), peroxidation value (PV), refractive index (RI) and fatty acid profile by gas chromatography equipped with flame ionization detector (GC-FID). Results: AV was found 0. 73, 0. 73 and 0. 72, and PV was found 0. 75, 0. 74 and 0. 75 respectively in Shoraye-shahr, Naftkesh and Bandargah districts. RI was found 1412 in all the three regions. Mean amount of oil was found 12%, 14%, and 3% respectively in samples from Shoraye-shahr, Naftkesh and Bandargah districts. Different fatty acids were identified in the samples collected from these regions: (C6), (C7), (C8), (C9), (C11), (C12), (C13), (C14), (C15), (C16), (C17), (C18: 3), (C18: 1), (C18: 0), (C19), (C20) were identified. The mean amount of omega-6 to omega-3 were 0. 30%, 0. 24% and 0. 15%, respectively in samples from Shoraye-shahr, Naftkesh and Bandargah districts. Furthermore, the percentage of extracted protein in dry matter was 15%. Conclusion: In the three regions, the amount of saturated fatty acids was 87%-91%, unsaturated fatty acids comprised 8%-10%, and the highest amount of fatty acid pertained to arachidonic acid. The amount of omega-3 was higher than that of omega-6 in the oil of this algae. Therefore, it has high nutritional value, and can be used as a dietary supplement after toxicological and safety evaluations. Due to the suitable geographical climate of Bushehr province, it is recommended to cultivate the alga.

Background: Marine life has long been used for their bioactive compounds. Several amazing compounds with different biological activities have so far been identified in tunicates. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of tunichrome released from phallusia nigra marine tunicates collected from Bushehr province coasts, against four strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Salmonella enterica, and Escherichia coli. Materials and Methods: Thirty samples of phallusia nigra marine tunicates were randomly collected from Nayband Bay in Bushehr province, and then their tunichrome was extracted and lyophilized. The antimicrobial activity (MIC and MBC) of the tunichrome extract was evaluated by agar well diffusion and broth macrodilution methods against four strains of foodborne pathogens. Chemical composition of methanol: chloroform: n-hexane extract of the tunichrome was detected by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Results: According to the results, the tunichrome extract showed significant inhibitory and lethal activities against all four studied bacterial strains. However, its antimicrobial activity was higher against Bacillus cereus and Salmonella enterica. The presence of antimicrobial compounds detected by GC-MS confirmed the results of the antibacterial activity of the tunichrome. Conclusion: According to the results, the tunichrome released from phallusia nigra marine tunicate can be an appropriate marine source of antimicrobial compounds with significant performance against foodborne pathogens. According to the literature, the secondary metabolites in the tunichrome have potential biological and neutraceutical effects which require more laboratory studies.

Background: Motor skills disorders are one of the most common disorders among school-age children. Given the importance of motor skills in health, the present study was conducted to investigate the coarse and fine motor skills and some factors affecting them in children in Bushehr, 2019. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study, 403 school-age children in Bushehr were examined in 2019. Samples were selected by cluster random sampling from each district of Bushehr city and from Governmental and non-governmental schools for boys and girls. Data collection tools included a demographic characteristics form, the measurement of anthropometric indicators, and the short form of the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and analytical tests (Univariate and multivariate regression). The level of significance in all cases was considered less than 0. 05. Results: The mean age of the children participating in the study was 9. 65± 1. 72 years, and the mean scores of the coarse and fine motor skills were 29. 18± 7. 52 and 28. 00± 5. 17, respectively. Predictor variables of coarse motor skills together explained 18% of the variance of this variable and the tested model was statistically significant (P<0. 001). Male gender, child’ s age, father's level of education (undergraduate) had a direct relationship and being a mother employee and body mass index (BMI) were inversely related to coarse motor skills (P<0. 05). The predictor variables of fine motor skills together explained 22% of the variance of this variable and the tested model was statistically significant (P<0. 001). Child’ s age and father’ s level of education (undergraduate) were directly related to fine motor skills (P<0. 05). Conclusion: It is necessary to take appropriate measures to improve motor skills in children through programs based on family, school and community, especially for girls, children with high BMI and children with working mothers. It is recommended that future and long-term studies be performed using process-oriented tools to examine factors related to children's motor skills.

Background: Outsourcing as an effective strategy in public management has attracted policy-makers. Awareness of quantity and quality of implementing this strategy can help policy-makers and managers to remove barriers to this policy. This study aimed to investigate outsourced services and the applied models in Bushehr University of Medical Sciences. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in Bushehr University of Medical Sciences in 2019 in four separate steps of literature review, shortlisting outsourceable services, data quality assurance and categorization of outsourced services into clinical and non-clinical services. Finally, the collected data were entered into Excel® version 8 to calculate and report descriptive indicators. Results: Result showed that totally 24 types of services have been outsourced. Half of them were clinical and the other haf were non-clinical. Among the outsourcing models, service purchasing model and management outsourcing model were the most and the least applied models, respectively. Conclusion: Although various outsourcing models are available, the type and the number of outsourced services are still limited. Given the diversity of services in health sector especially clinical services, it is possible to use the capacity of outsourcing strategy more effectively.

Background: Sea hares of the Aplysia genus are among the mollusks of interest for various researchers to study their phylogeny, bioactive compounds and the nervous system. These mollusks are herbivorous and produce chemical compounds (ink) to defend themselves. The present study provided molecular identification of the Persian Gulf (Bushehr city) sea hare using 16s rRNA gene sequence. Materials and Methods: Sampling was done in coastal waters of Bushehr (Bushehr Province, Iran). Total DNA was extracted using CTAB method and target DNA was amplified by 16sar-L and 16sbr-H universal primers. For phylogenetic analysis, both Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian methods (by RAxML and Mr. Bayes programs, respectively) were used. For ML algorithm, 1000 bootstrap replicates were generated. In Bayesian approach, the program was implemented for 20 million generations and one tree for every 1000 generations was sampled. Results: Based on the obtained tree from ML method, Persian Gulf sea hare and Aplysia dactylomela were placed in a clade with 87% bootstrap and high posterior probability (PP=1). The obtained phylogenetic tree from Bayesian approach showed similar topology. The Persian Gulf sea hare with 95. 8% bootstrap and PP=1 was again supported in the sister group of A. dactylomela. Conclusion: The results from the molecular analysis of 16s rRNA gene sequence indicate probable existence of a new species of sea hare in the Persian Gulf region. In order to determine the exact position of the present species, the phylogenetic analysis of COI gene sequence and morphological characteristics are essentials.