Journal of Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention
Year:2019 | Volume:7 | Issue:3|Papers Count:7

Background and Aim: According to WHO reports, Iran has been recognized as one of the countries with the highest cases of traffic accidents and mortalities (75 deaths per 100, 000 vehicles). Since 51% of accidents in Iran related to Motorcyclists using helmets can reduce the rate of death and head injury in motorcycle accidents. Hence, this study was to determine the factors affecting the use of helmets among motorcyclists in Ardabil, Iran. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study data were collected by a questioner from 350 motorcycle riders chosen through random cluster sampling in the Ardabil. Descriptive and analytical analysis (the Chi-Square and Regression logistic tests) were done in SPSS20. Results: 44 people (12. 6%) used helmets (were in action and maintenance stage) 249 people (71. 2%) were in passive (pre-contemplation and contemplation) stage. There was a significant relation between age and SOC (p= 0. 008), marital status and SOC (p= 0. 04). Ordinal regression revealed that pros (β = 0. 097), (p=0. 001) and behavioral process of change (β = 0. 041), (p=0. 001) were the strongest predictors of helmet use. As well negative Affect situation (β = 0. 096), (p=0. 019) was the strongest predictor in increasing temptation and decreasing self-efficacy to wearing a helmet. Conclusion: According to the result of this study, the percentage of the population using the motorcycle helmet was low. Considering a significant percentage of the study population were in the Preparation stage to wear a helmet, It is necessary to focus on both police enforcement and Increasing behavioral process of change score such as stimulus control, counter conditioning and social libration for the improvement of their behaviors for accepting social norms also giving further safety education.

Background and Objectives: Nowadays, given the increased violence in medical centers and emergency medical personnel encounter with various types of violence, it is important to assess the related factors as well as their frequency and take actions to decrease them. This study aims at investigating physical violence against 115 emergency medical personnel and its related factors in Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on emergency medical personnel of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. 240 individuals were selected through systematic random sampling. Occupational Violence Questionnaire (Four sections: demographic information, physical violence, response to violence and violence in the last mission) and Goldenberg GHQ-28 General Health Questionnaire were used to gather data, which were analyzed using SPSS software (version 22) and descriptive and inferential statistical tests. Results: According to the results of this study, 29. 6 percent of personnel experienced violent physicalaggression during their work and the most violent acts were physical coarsening (54. 9%). 76. 1percent of violent actions occurred on the scene of the accidents and co-rider of the injuredperson were initiators of violent behaviors (73. 2%). There was a statistically significantcorrelation between violent aggressive actions and recent uprisings of the country in the past sixmonths (p=0. 02). The percentage of aggressive actions against the personnel in their lastcommission, were verbal insults (82%), physical aggression (14. 6%), the cultural joke (3%) andsexual misbehavior (0%). The aggressive actions and insults in their last commissions of thepersonnel were correlated with their type of employment (p=0. 03), age (p=0. 03) and workhistory (p=0. 01). Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of physical violence against emergency medical personnel. Accordingly, providing the target personnel with communication skills and anger management trainings and pursuing violence by authorities seems essential to eliminate occupational violence.

Crush injury may follow prolonged continuous pressure on muscle tissue. It can lead to crush syndrome. Ischemia reperfusion is the main mechanism of muscle injury in crush syndrome. Acute renal failure and Compartment syndrome are the most important side effects of crush syndrome. This case report introduced 24 years old woman who was affected by crush syndrome after her leg crush. After that, Patient leg's compartment became ischemic, and compartment syndrome was developed. Delayed fasciotomy and subsequent reperfusion syndrome caused acute renal failure and severe limb edema caused muscles necrosis. Subsequently, acute necrotizing fasciitis developed. Finally, the patient was rescued from death by crushed limb amputation. As a result, in such cases the key point is managing and predicting clinical conditions before they present themselves. Amputation at an early stage may prevent crush syndrome. Developing standard treatment protocol and providing training courses for clinicians and health care providers can prevent similar problems.

Background and Objectives: Workplace noise is one of the occupational hazards in the ceramic industry, which can cause noise annoyance to workers. The aim of the present study is to investigate the relationship between indicators of Noise annoyance and job burnout in the ceramic manufacturing industry. Materials and Methods: A descriptive-analytical study was performed on 100 male workers. The inclusion criteria for participating in this study were: filling informed consent, having age less than 50 year, and work experience of at least 6 months, as well as not having cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and not taking any antidepressant medication. According to the measurement of environmental noise, individuals were divided into control group (50 people) and exposure on (50 people). noise dosimetry was performed for all participants. Two questionnaires on noise annoyance and job burnout were used for this purpose. the results were analyzed with spss19 software. Results: The results showed that 8-hour time weighted average – noise exposur level for the exposure and control groups for shift was calculated 86 dBA, 59 dBA respectively. The mean noise annoyance in the exposed and control group, was 70. 79 and 20, respectively, and the mean burnout score was obtained 82. 36 in the exposed and 36. 62 in the control group. The results of the Spearman correlation test showed a positive and significant relationship between the dimensions of burnout and noise annoyance score(p <0. 05). The results showed a significant relationship between the noise exposure level and the incidence of its annoyance and as well as job burnout (p <0. 05) Conclusion: The results showed a positive and significant relationship between noise annoyance and job burnout. It is recommended to adopt the appropriate noise control measures like engineering methods.

Background and Objective: Disasters and accidents are the third leading cause of death after cardiovascular diseases and cancers in the world. The purpose study of domestic accidents prevention behaviors based on protection motivation theory among mothers with children less than 6 years covered by health centers in Torbat Heydariyeh Materials and methods: : This is a cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study that 204 people mothers with children less than 6 years were enrolled in a multi-stage cluster approach The data collection tools was researcher made questionnaire that its validity and reliability were reviewed and confirmed and was Includes two parts 1-demographic information 2-Structure of Theories of motivational protection. Data analysis was done in 95% confidence level using SPSS version 16 and analyzed using Descriptive and analytical tests Results: The mean of age was 29. 4± 6. 51. Mean score of self-efficacy32. 6± 5 and Perceived vulnerability20. 6± 3. 7and Perceived cost 11. 3± 3. 7and Perceived severity12. 5± 1. 7and Response Efficiency 16. 3± 2. 4and Perceived rewards 6. 1± 1. 6 and Perceived fear 12. 8± 4 was obtained. and higher education had positive effect on self-care and Also Independent Samples t-Test showed a significant direct relationship between higher education and self-efficacy (r=0. 297, P<0. 01). Conclusion: According the effective role of mothers in preventing domestic accidents in children under 6 years old, seems that designing educational interventions based on constructs of the theory of protective motivation can have a decisive role in reducing Home injuries in this age group.

Background: In recent years, we have witnessed earthquakes with serious negative effects on the health of families. Given the importance of women's role in the family and society, their social and mental health status, especially in times of crisis, was highlighted. This study aimed to determine their average mental health status of exposed women in comparison with the social characteristics of their compatriots in the province of Kerman. Methods: This is a descriptive survey study of 250 women under an earthquake in Kerman province in 2018 using the standardized questionnaire of women's mental health in an earthquake on sample group (α = 0. 91), through inperson referral to women resettlement area in Kouhbanan city. The data were analyzed by the covariance test. Results: According to the results of this study, women who witnessed the earthquake did not have a favorable assessment of their social and mental health status. The results of this study concerning their mental health of women could be useful for policymakers, women's rights, health care providers, therapists and caregivers, managers, planners, specialists, and rescuers in the field of disasters and accidents. Conclusion: According to the findings of the study, the components of women's mental health in crisis and disaster are varied and widespread. The findings of this study can be applied to empower women both psychologically and manage disaster behavior and emotion.

Background and Objectives: The concept of safety culture was first used in the 1987 report of the Nuclear Agency on the Chernobyl disaster, and then the weakness of the safety culture was identified as the cause of the major disasters. Since the creation of the word safety culture in this report, it has been widely used and described and practically evaluated for its popularity. Safety culture defines as a group and individual values, attitudes and beliefs, capabilities, and behavior patterns that determine the commitment, manner, and skill of the organization's health and safety management. Material and Methods: A descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on automotive workers for evaluating the status of their safety culture. The target population was employees of the automobile industry of an Iranian automobile company (SAIPA) in 2014. Results: The results of this study showed that there was no relationship between safety culture and marital status. It was found that people with a college education had a significantly lower level of safety culture than those with a high school diploma or lower (P<0. 05). There was a positive relationship between work experience and safety culture. There was no relationship between safety culture and those having a second job. Job tasks had a diverse safety culture. The mean safety culture score in employees who had experienced an accident was significantly lower than those who did not. Older employees showed to have a higher safety culture score. Conclusion: Safety culture had a positive relationship with various factors such as (please name a few). Unfortunately, these factors were not studied thoroughly in Iranian automotive industries. According to the results of this study, on the job training and considering, incentives for the workers could be useful for promoting their safety culture.