Archives of Rehabilitation (Journal of Rehabilitation)
Year:2008 | Volume:9 | Issue:1 (33)|Papers Count:13

Objective: The goal of this study was to determine effectiveness of Bobath, conductive education (CE) and education to parents on activity daily living (ADL) in educable children with cerebral palsy, 3-5 years old. Materials & Methods: This research was a Quasi-experimental and interventional with pre - post study design that performed on 45 children with cerebral palsy from Valyasr rehabilitation foundation clinics. They were selected by simple sampling and matched from sex, age, IQ and disorder type and were assigned to three groups by simple randomize method (15 Bobath, 15 CE, 15 education to parents). Clinical tests were goodenough and client development evaluation report (CDER). The data were analyzed by statistical tests such as Wilcoxon signed, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-whitney U. Results: Three groups had significant improved in activity of daily living (ADL) after treatment (P<0/001). There was significant difference in total function of activity of daily living between three groups after treatment (P<0/001). The most effective approach was conductive education (CE), then education to parent and Bobath There were significant relations between function difference of three groups in 13 sub tasks of 17 ADL subtasks (P<0/05).Conclusion: Bobath, conductive education (CE) and education to parent’s approaches improve skills of activity of daily living, but in CE approach, group educations causes better improvement in social communication and practical educations and programs increase improvement of ADL skills.

Objective: The respiration role is not limited to vital function but it also important in speech process. The present research is aimed to measure different parameters of speech breathing values in patients suffering Mustard Gas injuries versus normal individual.Materials & Methods: Research was applied as case-control, cross– sectional and analytical method. The sampling pattern was convenience. Among patients, 19 were selected within injured patients from Baghiatallah hospital and 20 from those of normal individuals from welfare and rehabilitation sciences university stuffs. Normal people were matched based on their age, gender and other criteria’s within 30-50 years of age. ST1 Dysphonia (manufactured by G.M. Instruments Ltd.) was used to measure parameters of speech breathing, that include “Vital capacity”, “Phonation time”,” Phonation volume”,” Mean flow rate”,” Total expired volume”. And also,” Vocal velocity index” and “Phonation Quotient” were calculated. The independent T-test was used for data analysis.Results: Research findings shown statistically significant difference between two groups in Vital capacity (P<0/001), Phonation time (P<0/001), Phonation volume (P<0/001), Vocal velocity index (P=0/004), Total expired volume (P<0/001) and Phonation Quotient (P=0/046), but there was no significant difference in Mean flow rate between case and control group (P=0/615).Conclusion: present research has indicated, chemical war substance, not only has rendering effects upon vital respiration, but also has alternate patient’s speech breathing capabilities greatly. Such finding can be measured and evaluated the disturbed phonatory criteria in such patients and be a valued guide for speech & language pathologists, during treating such patients.

Objective: Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the most common causes of the mortality and morbidity in the world that leaves many disabilities. Secondary prevention through nurse-led cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is needed. This study was designed to determine the efficacy of the short- term cardiac rehabilitation on the readmission and rate of disease recurrence, again refer and again hospitalization in myocardial infarction patients. Materials & Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, subjects were 66 patients with MI who hospitalized in educational hospitals of Ahwaz city those were selected by purposeful sampling and assigned to case (32 person) and control (34 person) group by simple randomized method. Demographic data was collected by check-list. The case group participated in a 8-week cardiac rehabilitation program. Data about readmission, disease relapse and recurrent referring to hospitals and again hospitalization was collected after 8 weeks and was analyzed by use of Chi-square and Man– Witney statistical tests. Results: There was significant difference between two groups in disease relapse and again hospitalization after intervention (P<0/001). Conclusion: Cardiac rehabilitation programs decreases the disease relapse, readmission and recurrent referring to hospitals and hospitalization after MI.

Objective: This research is aimed to investigate the effect of rhythmic movement and music on attention span of mentally-retarded girl students.Materials & Methods: Twenty six mentally- retarded fourth and fifth graded girls who were educating in an exceptional children school in shahr-e-rey participated in this survey. In this research which is an experimental– interventional study with a pretest-posttest and control group design, the students were selected by convenient sampling and assigned to two matched groups by balanced randomized method. Then musical activities intervention including music and rhythmic movements executed in experimental group for 15 weeks and twice in a week. During this period the control group received routine educational program. Before and after intervention, the attention spans of two groups were assessed by cancellation subscale of KLT. Data were analyzed by use of non – parametric statistical tests such as: Wilcoxon test and U-Man-Witney test.Results: There was significant difference in experimental group between mean of attention pretest and posttest scores (P<0/001), but in control group, there was no significant difference (P=0/367). Also, there was significant difference between mean of attention scores of two groups after intervention (P=0/002), but there was no significant difference before intervention (P=0/520).Conclusion: This finding reveals that musical activities can enhance attention level in mentally-retarded students.

Objective: This research was aimed to determine the rate of low vision aids uses by low vision clients in their daily living.Materials & Methods: In this descriptive study that was done at the Saba and Khazaneh clinics, 50 people from low vision clients were selected by convenient sampling during 2005 & 2006. One questionnaire was completed by therapist at the first time of optometric examination and useful low vision aid (LVA) has been prescript and given to clients. After three months (at least) they should came back to center and fill the second form. The first form was about functional vision without LVA and second too, but by using of LVA. They have been compared to fulfill the result of research. Data were analyzed by Spearman correlation coefficient, Chi – square and Wilcoxon tests.Results: Spearman correlation coefficient between use of LVAs for near with duration and frequency of study were 0/491 and 0/520 with probability values such as P=0/003 and P=0/002 that shown significant relation. There was significant difference in traffic measure and environment knowing between before and after of far LVAs using (P=0/002) and their SCC was 0/499. There was significant relation between use of low vision aid and education after prescription (P=0/011).Conclusion: However the LVAs improve vision of low vision person, but many of them don’t use by different reasons.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of corrective exercises on chest expansion in kyphotic girls, aged 11-15. Materials & Methods: This quasi experimental research was applied as a clinical trial and had done on 50 girls with postural hyperkyphosis those were selected by convenient sampling and assigned to control (n=25) and experimental (n=25) group by simple randomized method. The experimental group received corrective exercises for 15 days and the control group was given no intervention. Chest expansion was measured before and after 15 days in all subjects. Data were analyzed by use of Chi-square, Paired T and Independent T tests.Results: There was statistically significant difference in chest expansion of experimental group between before and after intervention (P<0/001), but in control group there was no significant difference (P=0/746). Also, there was significant difference between two groups after intervention (P=0/02).Conclusions: This study demonstrates that corrective exercises can lead to improvement of chest expansion in kyphotic girls. Further study with larger sample size is needed to support the findings of this study.

Objective: The results of sensory improvement from nerve repair in adult are often poor. To confirm with previous results and this hypothesis that forearm deafferentation would enhance the sensory outcome by increasing the cortical hand representation, this study is aimed to investigate the effect of repeated sessions of cutaneous forearm anaesthesia of the injured limb, in combination with sensory re-education on the sensory outcome in the hand after median or ulnar nerve repair.Materials & Methods: This experimental study was designed as a double-blind randomized clinical trial. 13 patients that they had been undergoing surgery of hand nerves repaire were selected probability and assigned to examination (n=6) and control (n=7) group. During a 2 week period, a topical anaesthetic cream (Lidocaine) for examination group and a placebo for control group was applied repeatedly (twice a week) for 1 hour onto the flexor aspect of the forearm of injured hand and combined with sensory re-education. Assessments of sensory function were performed prior to the experiment and after the fourth application of Lidocaine / placebo. For analysis of data, Wilcoxon singed rank and Mann - Whitney U-tests were used.Results: Perception of touch that was measured with SWMs, had been improved significantly in the Lidocaine group in comparison with placebo group (P=0/03).Conclusion: This finding suggests that forearm deafferentation of injured limb, in combination with sensory re-education, can enhance sensory reover after nerve repair.

Objectives: Study of prevalence of stuttering in Iranian bilingual societies is essential for determine the effects of linguistic factors in stuttering and therapy demands in these bilingual societies. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of stuttering among Javanrud’s bilingual students.Materials & Methods: In this cross- sectional, descriptive and analytical study, all of bilingual students of Javanrud’s schools were examined and in order to this purpose, teacher referral method was used for the primary screening of speech disorders at all. Essential information about speech disorders specifically stuttering had been given to teachers before this primary step. Then researcher diagnosed stuttering students based on personal interview, reading, spontaneous speech and description of serial images that tell a story in Kurdish and Persian. Data were analyzed by statistical tests such as Chi-square and Logistic Regression.Results: Among 11425 bilingual students of Javanrud’s schools, 129 students were identified as stutterers. These findings indicated that overall prevalence of stuttering in this population is 1/13 percent. Among primary, guidance and high school students the prevalence of stuttering was 2/06, 0/87 and 0/5 percent respectively. Prevalence of stuttering among boys was 1/35 and among girls was 0/88 percent. An overall male/female ratio was 1/5. Prevalence of stuttering in primary, guidance and high school was differ from each other significantly (P<0/001). Prevalence of stuttering in male was higher than female significantly (P=0/034). Conclusion: Prevalence of stuttering among Javanrood’s bilingual students was higher than accepted prevalence in monolinguals (1%). Risk of being stuttering in male was higher than female.

Objective: Idiopathic Parkinson is a chronic degenerative nervous system disease that body imbalance is its main characteristic. The aim of this study is evaluation of visual feedback effects on balance in Parkinson disease patients. Materials & Methods: In this cross sectional and comparative study that was applied as before and after comparison, 16 Parkinson’s patients were selected by random sampling from convenient cases. Balance examinations were done by Biodex balance system in both open and closed eyes conditions. Data were analyzed by use of Paired T test. Results: There was significant difference between open and closed eyes conditions of Parkinson patients in overall stability index (P=0/004), anterior-posterior balance index (P=0/009), medial-lateral balance index (P=0/002) and time of place on A zone (P<0/001), B zone (P=0/003) and C zone (P=0/001), but there was no significant difference in time of place on D zone (P=0/286) and Parts I (P=0/664), II (P= 0/075), III (P=0/135) and IV (P=0/282). Conclusion: Visual feedback improves balance of Parkinson’s patients in open eyes condition than closed eye condition and this improvement in the indices of overall stability, anterior-posterior balance and medial-lateral balance is obvious absolutly.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigation of personality disorders and personality traits in men who have gender identity disorder (GID). Identification of personality disorders can be useful for enhancement of the quality of help to the patients. Materials & Methods: This analytical and cross-sectional study was a comparative and case – control research. 40 men with gender identity disorder were selected by convenient sampling from individuals who have been referred to Tehran Navab Safavi welfare center. Also, 40 available individuals who have no any diagnostic criteria about gender identity disorder in DSM-IV-TR and worked in Islamic Azad University (Tehran Sciences and Researches Unit) were selected as control group and matched with patients. Personality disorders and those frequencies were evaluated with Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-II (MCMI-II). Data were analyzed using by Chi-square and Independent T tests. Results: The results showed that gender identity disorder patients get higher scores as compared to control group in scales “Dependent” (P=0/038), “Histrionic” (P<0/001), “Antisocial” (P=0/017), “Passive – aggressive” (P=0/007), “Borderline” (P<0/001) and “Paranoid” (P=0/021) and their difference was significant. Conclusion: Generally, the results of this study showed persons who have gender identity disorder also have some symptoms of personality disorders more than normal people.